英美国情 判断题 美国部分

英美国情 判断题 美国部分

Unit3 America Beginning

1. The question “What is an American?” was first asked by J.

Hector St. John de Crevecoeur. T

2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1942. T

3. The first English permanent settlement was founded in

California. F Virginia

4. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who

separated themselves from the Roman Catholic Church. F 不是建立，而是founded

5. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the

Quakers. T （基督教）贵格派教徒

6. The theory of politics of the American Resolution came from

John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century. F

English

7. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America

were ready to separate themselves from Europe. T

8. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln

were regarded as the founding fathers of the United States

of America. F John Adams OR Thomas Jefferson

Unit 4 The Political System in the United States

1. When the War of Independence was over, the United States

was one unified nation as it is today. F was not

2. The agreement that set this plan of cooperation among

different states after the War of American Independence

was called the Constitution of the United States. F the

Articles of Confederation 联邦条款

3. The US Constitution set up a federal system with a strong

central government. T 联邦制

4. The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including

those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal

government. T 国会

5. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a

president can be elected to only one term. F two terms

6. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges,

and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation

by the House of Representatives. 众议院 F the Senate 参议院

7. The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and

individual rights and forbid interference with lives of

individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. T

人权法案

8. The idea of checks and balances as a way of restricting

governmental power and preventing its abuse was first

provided in the Federalist Paper. T制约与平衡

9. Today, the United State has two major political parties. One

is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is

the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by the people in

the states of the North and West. T 民主党，共和党

10. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote to be

a candidate for public office. F 公职 do not have to

Unit 5 American Economy

1. Alexander Hamilton was the third president of the United

Stated. F Thomas Jefferson

2. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile

mill. T

3. Many people objected to the idea of the corporation because

it is less personal than sole proprietorship and partnership. T

所有（权），独资企业；合伙关系

4. The United State‟s economy suffered from the two World

Wars in the 20th century. F not

5. Many people believe that the economic freedom of capitalism

is crucial to American‟s economic success. T 决定性的，重要的

6. When people buy stocks, they become part owner of the

company. T

7. The stockholders make profits even when the company loses

money. F

8. One reason for America‟s affluence is that a lot of people

have inherited wealth from their parents, F 富裕

9. Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to

America‟s affluence. T 家庭的，国家的

10. Many American leaders have extolled the virtues of farmers.

T 赞扬

Unit 6 Religion in the United States

1. During the War of Independence and many years after that

the Americans were mostly concerned about religious

freedom. F It was politics and not religion that most occupied

Americans‟ minds during the War of Independence and for

years afterward.

2. According to the First Amendment to the Constitution of the

United States, there would be a state-supported region. F 联邦政府不得给予任何宗教以特殊优惠。

3. Those citizens whose religion forbids them to fight in wars

can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers. T

4. The Baptists are the largest Protestant group in the US with

25 million members. T 浸礼会教徒

5. There are more than 100 Protestant sects in the United

States today. T 派别

6. There are more Catholic than Protestant in the US. F

7. John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the US

president. T

8. Today many Jewish people don‟t think of themselves as

ethnically Jewish any more and have adopted a secular,

non-religious outlook. F 犹太教人

9. When a Supreme Court decision made abortion legal in

America, many Catholics, evangelical Protestants and

Orthodox Jew objected. T

10. In America, scientific and economic advance and rising

material progress have been accompanied by a decline in

religious observance. F

Unit 7 American Literature

1. American literature is mainly about the seeking the American

people for success and happiness. T

2. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fennimore

Cooper. F Washington Irving

3. The Leather-Stocking Tales consist of five novels depicting

the American West. T 皮袜子故事集

4. Before Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on

the East Coast. T

5. Among the more than 1500 poems Emily Dickinson wrote, she

seldom touched upon the subject of death. F She was also

more than a little in love with death.

6. Henry James wrote several novels about European living in

American. F Americans living in Europe

7. Both Sherwood Anderson and Sinclair Lewis depicted life in

the small Midwestern towns, and their books were called

“revolt form the village.” T

8. After publishing her novel

The Awakening, Kate Chopin

continued to write and established herself as a major

American writer. F Kate Chopin‟s

The Awakening ;Cather

went on to write several novels and establish herself as a

major American writer

9. In the 1920s Harlem in New York City became the center of

black culture. T

10. Tennessee William‟s plays often portrayed the common man

pressured by society, and his best play was

Death of a

Salesman. F Arthur Miller

Unit 8 Education in the United States

1. Critics of the affirmative 肯定的action programs are of the

opinion that this results in reverse discrimination. 逆向歧视T

2. The Servicemen‟s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Right, gave

veterans 退役军人 priority重点，优先 in finding better jobs.

F

3. American university students have always liked to get

degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for

certain professions. F

4. One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be

accepted by a college is his/her scores on the Scholastic

Aptitude Tests. T

5. According to the author, larger universities are always

better, and more desirable universities are always more

expensive. F 令人满意的

6. It takes at least four years to get a bachelor‟s degree from

an institution of higher learning in the US. T

7. Segregating blacks into separate school was unconstitutional

after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954. T

8. Harvard College was originally founded to train government

officials. F religious ministers

Unit 9 Social Movements of the 1960s

1. The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began

the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the first of several

social movements during that decade. F The quiet “sit-in” by

black students in Greensboro

2. “We shall overcome” is a very famous anti-war song during

the 1960s. F the civil rights movement/to fight racial

prejudice

3. In the 1960s, three groups—Afro-Americans, Asian

Americans and women—were dissatisfied with their lives. F

the young people

4. During WW II, many American Negroes had a taste of life by

moving to and working to the North. T 黑人

5. When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct

action tactics like “sit-ins” and boycotts were the chief

vehicle for social protest. T

6. A social movement is possible only when there are

organizations, and spontaneous actions. T 自发的

7. Malcolm X became known throughout the Sixties because of

his leadership role in the civil rights movement. F

8. A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March

on Washington on August, 1963 when one-quarter million

blacks and whites stood together to hear President John F.

Kennedy’s famous “ I have a Dream” speech. F Martin Luther

King, Jr

9. In 1966, the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense was

organized on Oakland, whose major work was to enforce civil

rights law. T

10. The arrest of a CORE organizer at the campus of University

of California at Berkeley touched off the Free Speech

Movement which catapulted Mario Savio to the status of a

student hero. T

11. Betty Friedan‟s book The Feminine Mystique (1963) stirred

highly charged responses from thousands women who

reported from its first year of publication to this day that it

changed their lives. T

Unit 10 Social Problems in the United States

1. The United States was found on the principle of human

quality, and in reality the nation has lived up to that ideal. F

2. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United

States now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans, who account

for 11.7% of the population. F

3. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed The Emancipation

Proclamation which together with the 13th Amendment to the

Constitution in 1865 legally abolished the slavery. T

4. The problem of poverty does not exist in the United States

because the overall distribution of wealth and income is equal.

F

5. Drug abuse in the United States has come to be regarded as

one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation.

T

6. President Richard Nixon‟s administration was topped because

of the Watergate Affair, with many administrative officials

later facing criminal charges and some being imprisoned, T

7. The CIA, which is a branch of the United States Federal

government is in charge of investigating violations of certain

federal laws inside the United States. F

8. Corruption in the United States takes form of fraud, false

advertising, corporate price fixing, bribery, embezzlement,

and tax evasion. T

9. Statistics usually overlook white-collar crimes because they

are affected by police reporting practices and that many

crimes are unreported. T

10. The president of Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon were

marked by a well-founded public belief that their

administrations were deliberately and systematically lying to

the people. T

Unit 11 Technology in America

1. Eli Whitney was noted for inventing the cotton gin and

developing the system of mass production of weapons with

interchangeable parts. T

2. John H. Hall invented sewing machines, typewriters and

bicycles. F 他的大量生产方式在这些方面应用，而不是发明

3. Before the construction of the railroads, the barge and canal

system was the main means of transportation in the Amercian

Northeast, T

4. The significant role of the Stevens family in the history of

transportation in early nineteenth century America is

underestimated. T

5. The quality and endurance of railroad tracks was the

fundamental constraint on the size and speed of trains. T

6. Samuel F. B Morse was the inventor of the telephone. F

7. The first computers were enormous in size and consumed

great quantities of electricity. T

8. Radio was a place where lots of advertisements were placed

for products to feed a growing consumerism in America

merging after World War I. T

9. The original idea was to connect computers was for

educational and commercial uses. F 目的是协助大炮预计发射炮弹的轨迹，并用以破译敌人的信息

10. What motivated most scientist and engineers in America to

develop an atomic bomb in the first place was to prevent

Japan from using such a device. F

Unit 12 Post-WW II Foreign Policy

1. American foreign policy has been swinging between

isolationism and inter-ventionism since World War II. F

internationalism

2. Pax Americana美国和平 indicates American policy to create

a world order dominated by the United States. T

3. The founding of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

(NATO) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955 split the world

into two military blocs. And the Cold War began. T

4. The United States had its first test of the hydrogen bomb in

1953 after the Soviet Union had its such test in 1952. F

5. Sputinks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union.

T

6. When Ronald Reagan became president in 1982, he wanted to

beat the Soviet Union in the space technology race and so he

initiated the Star Wars project. T

7. In 1948 President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine,

which is generally regarded the formal declaration of the

implementation of the US containment foreign policy. T 杜鲁门主义，被公认是实行遏止政策的正是宣言。

8. After the Korean War, the United States made necessary

adjustments and adopted a strategy of contraction收紧. F

9. At the end of the Second World War II, a concrete wall,

separating East and West Berlin, was built which became the

symbol of the Cold War. F

10. The Clinton Administration made international peace,

economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three

pillars of American foreign policy. F

11. After the Sept.11 terrorist attack, anti-terrorism became a

priority on the agenda of the majority of the countries all

over the whorl. T

12. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign

strategy has two prominent elements: isolationism faith in

military strength. F

Unit 13 Sports and Scenic Spots in American

1. Super Bowl冠军杯赛 will decide the champion baseball team

of the year in the United States. F football

2. Spectators of American professional sports competitions are

interested in eating and entertainment as much as in the

game itself. T

3. Viewers go to stadiums to watch the matches because they

can have a clearer view of what is happening. F

4. A football team scores 3 points for a touchdown. F six points

5. The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun本垒打. T

6. John Steinbeck‟s stories were set in the New England area of

the United States. F

7. Stanford University is located in the state of Massachusetts.

F

8. Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the

United States. T

9. The Grand Canyon National Park was established by President

“Teddy” Roosevelt. T

10. In South Dakota, is the unusual artist project at Mt.

Rushmore, where enormous portraits of four US presidents:

George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln,

and F.D. Roosevelt, are sculpted on the mountain. F Theodore

Roosevelt

Unit 14 Early American Jazz

1. At the end of the 19th century in American, folk music could

only be found in the state of New York. F

2. The lyrics of many blues songs sung by black musicians are

sardonic, filled with bitter, self-deprecating humor. T

3. In the early 1920‟s, jazz flourished in Chicago, which

emerged as the creative center for jazz. T

4. Bessie Smith was so musically talented that people even

called her “Empress of the Blues”. T

5. In 1896 Louis Armstrong published the first really popular

ragtime tune, “Maple Leaf Rag.” F Scott Joplin

6. A new, distinctive style of piano playing called ”stride” piano

emerged in Harlem, New York City, which co-exists with

ragtime piano. T

7. In 1926, Louis Armstrong recorded his famous “scat singing”,

vocalizing nonsense syllables in tune with the music. T

8. The 1920‟s in the United States was known as the Roaring

Twenties chiefly because of rock „n‟ roll music which started

in Chicago. F

9. Jazz music played in Chicago differed from New Orleans

style jazz in that music was played at a faster tempo. F