20版:(浙鲁京琼)靓化词汇——学会运用高级表达(创新设计)

靓化词汇——学会运用高级表达

英语书面表达第五档作文中提到：语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。换句话说，如果考生使用高级词汇或句型，即使犯了少量或轻微的语言错误，也可不扣分，文章还是属于最高档次。因此，为了让文章档次高，首先要学会使用高级词汇。

高级词汇的使用能够给文章增添彩和画面感。它会大大提升文章的档次，从而帮助考生获得高分。要做到准确使用高级词汇，应该注意以下几个方面：

一、使用亮点词汇的4种方法

1．标新立异 “语”众不同

在写作时，恰当地使用一些别人可能想不到的词汇或表达，会体现出自己的高水平。

(1)Great changes have taken place in our school in the last few the news

came that a short film will be shown in our school.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

→Our school has witnessed great changes in the last few word came that

a short film will be shown in our school.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

(2)I’m busy with my lessons now，for the College Entrance Examination，which is

very important to me，is near.

→I’m occupied with my lessons now，for the College Entrance Examination，which

is of great importance to me，is around the corner.(2017·天津高考书面表达)

(3)Our team，besides regular training，will join in a variety of activities.

→Our team，apart/aside from regular training，will join in a variety of

activities.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)

(4)Several days later，when the video was played on the graduation ceremony，it was

very popular.

→Several days later，when the video was played on the graduation ceremony，it was

well received.(2017·北京高考书面表达)

2．多样表达 避免重复

在写作时，应尽量避免重复使用相同的单词或短语，要尽量用贴切多样的词语来

展示自己的水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异，也是高级用法。

(1)Moreover，we will build a new stadium and with the stadium built，a wide range of

sports events are able to be held.

→Moreover，we will build a new stadium and with the stadium set up，a wide range

of sports events are able to be held.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)

(2)The team will hold many activities，some of which will appeal to you，including

many matches.

→The team will hold a range of activities，some of which will appeal to you，including many matches.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)

(3)We may have different opinions in organizing class may have

different ways to deal with such a situation.

→We may have different opinions in organizing class may have various

ways to deal with such a situation.(浙江高考书面表达)

3．短语优先 语言生动

当单词和短语表示同一个意思时，优先使用短语。恰当使用短语，一方面能使文章更加生动，另一方面也能展示出学生扎实的语言功底。

(1)Hopefully，these suggestions would be helpful/beneficial to you.

→Hopefully，these suggestions would be of great help/benefit to you.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)

(2)To learn more about the development of our school，all the students are welcome

to watch the short film Growing Together.

→With the aim of learning more about the development of our school，all the

students are welcome to watch the short film Growing Together.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)

(3)There is no doubt that you should know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in

advance.

→There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang

Dynasty in advance.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)

(4)Firstly，the final exam of this term is coming so I am busy preparing for it.

→To begin with，the final exam of this term is around the corner so I am busy

preparing for it.(2017·天津高考书面表达)

4．高级词汇 凸显水平

为了表现自己的语言功底，显示出自己的写作水平，应避免反复使用低年级学过的简单词汇，尽量使用高中阶段学到的词汇来代替。

(1)If you take my advice you are sure to have the most unforgettable experience

during your college in Beijing.

→ So long as you take my advice you are bound to have the most unforgettable

experience during your college in Beijing.(2018·北京高考书面表达第一节)

(2)Second，I am trying my best to acquire the essential knowledge and skills

concerning my position.

→Second，I am sparing no effort to acquire the essential knowledge and skills

concerning my position.(2017·天津高考书面表达)

(3)I should say sorry for being unable to go to the bookstore with you on Friday

afternoon.

→I should make an apology for being unable to go to the bookstore with you on

Friday afternoon.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)

二、使用亮点词汇的2点注意

1．注意增加亮词的“出镜率”，变消极词汇为积极词汇

阅读中能认识但写作中不会用的词汇属于消极词汇，写作中能运用自如的词汇为积极词汇，也就是平常所说的“第一反应词”。积极词汇量的多少直接决定着英语作文表达水平的高低。现在很多考生的困难是，头脑中的很多词汇介于积极词汇与消极词汇之间；另外，很多背过的消极词汇如果较长时间不接触就会变成陌生词汇。因此在备考过程中，考生要做的事情就是迅速扩大消极词汇量并且保持接触的频度，力争使其变成积极词汇。

很多考生作文驻足不前的一个重要原因是反复使用初中学过的简单词汇，背了大量的亮词妙语而不用。建议大家在想到一个表达时，务必要想一想还有没有更好的表达方式，这就是我们平时常讲的“头脑风暴法”。例如想表达“美丽的”这个含义，大家首先想到的是“beautiful”，那么在下笔时，要想一想还有没有更出彩的

表达，如“attractive”或“charming”等。再如表达“困难的”时，大家常用“difficult”，那是不是用“tough”或“challenging”更与众不同呢？

2．注意亮点词汇使用的场合

写作时，在用词上不可随心所欲，决不能为追求“高级”而使用复杂但毫无把握的词语，也不能满篇堆积所谓的“高级”词汇，否则给人过分炫耀之嫌，得不偿失。一般来说，一篇文章能用好三至五个高级词汇就可以了。另外，为能更好地“完成规定的写作任务”，减少错误，特别提醒考生在使用“高级词汇”时，一定要注意遵循“准确、恰当”的原则，并且要注意使用的场合，难词和生僻词汇并不一定就是高级词汇，例如：

一大早我们买了一些圣诞礼物。

Early in the morning we purchased some Christmas presents.(purchased太过于书面化，改为bought更地道)

三、写作的秘密武器——24个高级词汇

名词 普通词汇

chance

idea

result

动词

have

bear

develop

形容词

enough

proper

interesting

副词

finally

immediately

连词

so

高级词汇

opportunity

opinion

consequence

possess

put up with

promote

adequate

appropriate

普通词汇

choice

people

effect

replace

understand

consider

rich

important

高级词汇

alternative

individual

influence

substitute

make sense of

take into account

abundant

vital/significant

challenging

barely

currently

as well as

absorbing/appealing difficult

eventually

in a flash

therefore

hardly

nowadays

and

(1)It is of importance for you to understand the content，Tang poetry.

→It is of importance for you to make sense of the content，Tang poetry.

→It is of importance for you to be aware of the content，Tang poetry.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ

书面表达)

(2)That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.

→That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better

alternative.(2017·北京高考书面表达)

(3)In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult.

→In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging.

四、写作的顶级装备——27个加分词汇

表达关注的名词

表达争论的名词

表达现象的名词

表达优缺点的名词

表达增长或下降的动词

表达导致后果的动词短语

attention，focus，concern

discussion，debate，argument

phenomenon

advantage，disadvantage，strength，weakness

increase，accumulate，decrease，decline

result in，lead to，bring about，contribute to，give rise

to

表达支持、反对的动词短语 approve of，be in favor of，object to

表达可能性的形容词

表达有好处的形容词

表达强调的副词

likely

beneficial

particularly，especially

(1)The picture shows a common phenomenon these days.

这幅图显示了这些日子的一个常见现象。

(2)The Internet has brought about many changes in the workplace.

网络给工作场所带来了很多变化。

(3)Our teacher is likely to get angry when she sees the dirty floor.

我们的老师看到地面这么脏时，可能会发火。

Ⅰ.请用高级词汇替换下列句子中的加黑部分

1．We were so interested in the competition that we formed a group to take part in it.

(2018·天津高考书面表达)keen__on

2．I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表

达)more__than

3．We are desperately in need of your a result，I sincerely invite you to join

us.

(2018·天津高考书面表达)As__a__consequence

4．So，please spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty，which will help you prepare for your class.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Therefore；make__preparations__for

5．The craftsmen will show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the

spot.

(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)various/a__range__of

6．In order to get a better understanding of Tang poetry，I advise you to learn some

brief history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)acquire

7．Our class thought of the idea to make better use of used materials.(2016·北京高考书面表达)came__up__with

8．The reasons are the following.

(2016·四川高考书面表达)as__follows

9．At the same time，I decided to study harder rather than waste precious time on

those

(湖南高考书面表达)made__up__my__mind

10．As high school students，we should be neatly dressed when at

__supposed__to

11．There’s no harm in your staying up late

onally/once__in__a__while

12．The teacher directed the gifted students towards the more difficult

nging

Ⅱ.句型转换

1．She didn’t listen to what her teacher said in the class.

→She turned a deaf ear to what her teacher said in the class.(ear)

2．At that time，I realized that she didn’t tell the truth.

→At that time，it occurred to me that she didn’t tell the truth.(occur)

3．You should finish your homework before you play football.

→You are supposed to finish your homework before you play football.(suppose)

4．In my opinion，neither you nor she has met the standard.

→As far as I’m concerned，neither you nor she has met the standard.(concern)

5．I can’t bear the way she treats her parents any longer.

→I can no longer put up with the way she treats her parents.(put)

6．During the mountain－climbing，please help each other and pay special attention to

your safety.

→In the course of__the mountain－climbing，please help each other and pay special

attention to your safety.(course)

7．After five hours’ non－stop work，we were all tired.

→After five hours’ non－stop work，we were all worn out．(wear)

8．Jack is very clever，who often thinks of new ideas.

→Jack is very clever，who often comes up with new ideas.(come)

Ⅲ.请用高级词汇对下文黑体部分进行提升

[考生作文]

Dear Peter，

It is a great honor for me to invite you to part in the activity “Build a

Civilized Campus” this month.

We to go hand in hand to our civilized campus where beauty and

harmony achieve the goal，we’ll the school to communicate with each

other in polite ile，we behave ourselves and obey school

a nice environment good for us，we’ll our best to create a pleasant

school the above is to to the good conduct of teachers and

students in our school.

It would be nice if you could join us.

Yours，

Li Hua

[升格作文]

Dear Peter，

It is a great honor for me to invite you to ipate__in the activity “Build a

Civilized Campus” this month.

We __to go hand in hand to __up our civilized campus where beauty

and harmony achieve the goal，we’ll __on the school to communicate

with each other in polite ile，we __supposed__to behave

ourselves and obey school a nice environment __beneficial__to us，we’ll

__no__effort to create a pleasant school the above is to

bute__to the good conduct of teachers and students in our school.

It would be nice if you could join us.

Yours，

Li Hua