高级英语第三版第一册1-7课修辞整理

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille

can battle down and ride it out. (metaphor)

and rain now whipped the house. (metaphor)

e, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi.

(metaphor)

the group heard gun-like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.

Water rose above their ankles. (simile)

children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (simile)

wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (simile)

7. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown-down power lines

coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. (simile)

8. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the

house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (personification)

ieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their

spectacular vantage point. (transferred epithet)

10. "Everybody out the back door to the cars!" John yelled. (elliptical)

Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan

1. “Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to

welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”.

(anticlimax)

2. …as the fastest train in the world slipped to (alliteration)

3. …where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second,

where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.

(parallelism, transferred epithet)

4. At last this intermezzo came to an end… (metaphor)

5. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my

illness has brought me. (irony)

6. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from

earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.

(euphemism)

7. Hiroshima—the “liveliest” [pun]City in Japan(irony)

8. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.

(alliteration)

9. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete

skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and

the miniskirt (synecdoche, metonymy)

10. There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each

time the name Hiroshima was repeated. (synecdoche)

11. Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)

12. Because I had a lump in my throat…. (metaphor)

13. Whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. (onomatopoeia)

one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially the people who were born here or who lived through it. (climax)

Lesson 3 Blackmail

1. As a result the nerves of both duke and duchess were excessively frayed when

the muted buzzer of the outer door eventually sounded. (metaphor)

2. His wife shot him a swift, warning glance. (metaphor)

3. You drove there in your fancy Jaguar, and you took a lady friend.

(euphemism)

4. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind.

(metaphor)

5. In what conceivable way does our car concern you? (rhetorical question)

6. Her voice was a whiplash. (metaphor)

7. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle. (transferred epithet)

8. Two high points of color appeared in the paleness of the Duchess of Croydon’s cheeks.

(transferred epithet)

9. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly. (onomatopoeia)

10. Eyes bored into him. (metaphor)

Lesson 4 A Trial that Rocked the World

1) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)

2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder

(transferred epithet)

3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)

4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)

5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)

6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century

(irony)

7) There is some doubt about that. (sarcasm)

8) No one, ... that may case would (metaphor)

9) The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sprouted with rickety

stands selling hot… (metaphor)

10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, [carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel

his enemies]. (ridicule, simile)

11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. (ridicule)

12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a “victorious defeat” (oxymoron)

13) ...our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere. (metaphor)

14) He thundered in his sonorous organ tones. (metaphor)

15）...champion had not scorched (metaphor)

16）…after the preliminary sparring over legalities… (metaphor)

17)Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a … n. (metaphor)

18)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that … (metaphor)

19）...swept the arena like a prairie fire (simile)

20)The oratorical storm … blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh

wind (simile)

21)...tomorrow the magazines, the books, (Metonymy)

22) The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes

that he must have come from below. (Metonymy)

23)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.

(Hyperbole)

24)The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (antithesis)

25)when bigots lighted faggots (Consonance)

26) There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and

we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is

eternal. (Repetition)

27)Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. (transferred epithet)

28)Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. (Alliteration)

29) DARWIN IS RIGHT—INSIDE(pun)

Lesson 5 The Libido for the Ugly

1. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative

and characteristic activity (metaphor, transferred epithet, antithesis)

2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination--and here

were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of

alley cats. (Antithesis, Repetition, hyperbole)

3. There was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the age.

(synecdoche)

4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh to the

Greensburg yards. There was not one that was misshapen, and there was not one

that was not shabby. (Understatement; Litotes)

5. The country is not uncomely, despite the grim of the endless mills. (Litotes,

Overstatement)

6. They would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (personification)

7. On their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in the mud. (Metaphor)

8. And one and all they are streaked in grim, with dead and eczematous patches

of paint peeping through the streaks. (Metaphor)

9. When it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of a fried egg. When

it has taken on the patina of the mills, it is the color of an egg long past all hope or

caring. (Metaphor, ridicule)

10. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.

(Irony, sarcasm)

11. N.J. and Newport News, in a Pullman, I have whirled through the

gloomy… (Metonymy)

12. But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness,

and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering

upon passion. (Ridicule)

13. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces

of horror. (Irony)

14. On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be positive

libido for the ugly, as on the other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the

beautiful. (Antithesis)

15. The taste for them is as enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for the

dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar . (Metaphor)

16. And some of them are appreciably better. (Sarcasm)

17. They let it mellow into its present shocking depravity. (Metaphor; sarcasm)

18. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (Metaphor)

19. The boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth.

(hyperbole)

20. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting

monstrousness of every house in sight. (hyperbole)

21. A steel stadium like a huge rat-trap somewhere further down the line. (simile,

ridicule)

22. Obviously, if there were architects of any professional sense of dinity in the region,

they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides. (sarcasm)

23. By the hundreds and thousands these abominable houses cover the bare hillsides,

like gravestones in some gigantic and decaying cemetery. (simile)

24. They have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by a mortal eye.

(hyperbole)

25. They are incomparable in color, and they are incomparable in design. (sarcasm)

26. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had

devoted all ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. (hyperbole and irony)

27. Beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them. (sarcasm)

28. In precisely the same way the authors of the rat-trap stadium that I have mentioned

made a deliberate choice. (metaphor)

29. They made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible

penthouse, painted a starting yellow, on top of it. (ridicule)

30. The effect is that of a fat woman with a black eye. (metaphor)

31. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning. (metaphor)

32. This they have converted into a thing… low-pitched roof. (inversion)

33. But nowhere on this earth, at home or abroad, have I seen anything to compare to

the village(inversion)

34. coal and steel town(synecdoche)

35. boy and man(synecdoche)

36. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? (rhetorical question)

37. Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes,

with no love of beauty in them? (rhetorical question)

38. a crazy little church. (transferred epithet)

39. a bare leprous hill (transferred epithet)

40. preposterous brick piers (transferred epithet)

41. uremic yellow (transferred epithet)

42. the obscene humor (transferred epithet)

Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of America

1)saw clearly ahead a black wall (Metaphor)

2)main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart(Metaphor)

3)All would resurface in hat he (Metaphor)

4)When railroads began drying up (Metaphor)

5)...the epidemic of gold and (Metaphor)

6)Twain began digging his way to Mark Twain honed and

experimented with his new (Metaphor)

7)Most American remember M. T. as the ...a memory that seemed

phonographic(Simile)

8) America laughed with him. (Hyperbole, personification)

9)...to literature's (Personification)

10)the grave world smiles (Personification)

11) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh (Personification)

12)America laughed with him. (Personification)

13)...between what people claim to be and what they really are… (Antithesis)

14)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever(Antithesis)

15)… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with

the enemy. (Euphemism)

16)...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home(Alliteration)

17)...with a dash ...a recklessness of cost or

(Alliteration)

18)...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe (Metonymy)

19)For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and

the persistent, and was rebuffed. (metaphor)

20)From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his

way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. (metaphor)

21)He boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of

hopeful young writers. (metaphor)

22) he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from

earthly struggles (euphemism)

23) ...took unholy verbal shots at the (metaphor, antithesis)

24) Most Americans remember ... the father of [Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through

eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.]

(parallelism, hyperbole)

25) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied

--a cosmos (hyperbole)

26) the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States(metaphor)

27) Steamboat ain but its flotsam(metaphor)

28) Twain began digging his way to (metaphor)

29) life dealt him profound (personification)

30) the river had acquainted him with ... (personification)

31) ...an entry that will determine his (personification)

32) Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. (personification)

33) Keelboats, ...carried the first major commerce (synecdoche)

Lesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmamma

1. “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangero said, laughing. (irony)

2. “Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird. “can I have these old quilts?” (simile)

3. …showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red

blouse… (metaphor)

4. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me …(metaphor)

5. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (hyperbole)

6. Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule

tail. (simile)

7. Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless

person rich enough to own a car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to

be kind of him? (metaphor)

8. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. (hyperbole)

9. Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the

scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)

10. It is like an extended living room. (simile)

11. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.

(assonance)

12. My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)

13. She gasped like a bee had stung her. (simile)

14. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher

up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. (metaphor)

15. Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me

looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)