英国爱丁堡旅行各景点英文介绍Edinburgh

Visit the UK's no.1 attraction (TripAdvisor). The Royal Yacht

Britannia was home to Her

Majesty The Queen and the Royal Family for over 40 years, sailing over 1,000,000 miles

around the world.

Now berthed in Edinburgh, you can follow in the footsteps of Royalty to discover the heart

and soul of this most special of Royal residences.

As part of your tour of Britannia, why not visit the Royal Deck Tea Room? You can enjoy delicious, and freshly

prepared, home-made food, stunning views and a warm welcome. Previously where the Royal Family enjoyed

drinks receptions, sumptuous buffets, or played deck games. Now you can treat yourself with speciality teas,

coffees and lunch in spectacular surroundings

爱丁堡大学

The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in

1582,[5] is the sixth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of

Scotland's ancient universities. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the

city, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the

university.[6]

The University of Edinburgh is ranked 17th in the world by the 2013–14 and 2014–15

QS rankings.[7][8] The Research Excellence Framework, a research ranking used by the

UK government to determine future research funding, ranked Edinburgh 4th in the

UK for research power.[9] It is ranked 12th in the world in arts and humanities by the

2014–15 Times Higher Education Ranking.[10] It is ranked the 15th most employable

university in the world by the 2013 Global Employability University Ranking.[11] It is

ranked as the 6th best university in Europe by the U.S. News' Best Global

Universities Ranking.[12] It is a member of both the Russell Group, and the League of

European Research Universities, a consortium of 21 research universities in Europe.[13]

It has the third largest endowment of any university in the United Kingdom, after the

universities of Cambridge and Oxford.

National Museums Scotland today

Today, National Museums Scotland also includes the National Museum of Flight,

the National War Museum and the National Museum of Rural Life.

The National War Museum was founded at Edinburgh Castle in 1930 as the Scottish

United Services Museum to tell the story of Scotland's Armed Forces. In 1970 it

became part of the Royal Scottish Museum and in 2000, the refurbished museum

reopened as the National War Museum of Scotland.

In 1971, the Ministry of Defence donated a Supermarine Spitfire to the Royal

Museum in Edinburgh. Due to lack of space to accommodate the aeroplane, the

museum was granted permission to acquire one of the hangars of RAF East Fortune in

East Lothian, as a storehouse for aeronautical exhibits. With this, the seeds were sown

for the development of the National Museum of Flight. The museum officially opened

to the public on 7 July 1975. You can find out more about the history of East Fortune

Airfield here.

The National Museum of Rural Life first opened in Ingliston in 1982 as the Scottish

Agricultural Museum. In 2001, then called the Museum of Scottish Country Life, it

relocated to Kittochside.

National Museums Scotland's collections are housed principally in the National

Museums Collection Centre at Granton.

National Museums Scotland (NMS) is an executive non-departmental public body

of the Scottish Government. It runs the national museums of Scotland.

NMS is one of the country's National Collections, and holds internationally important

collections of natural sciences, decorative arts, world cultures, science and technology,

and Scottish history and archaeology.

Notable items in the national collections[edit]

Hearth(?) by Andy Goldsworthy

The official website lists the following exhibits as being the highlights of its

collections:[2]

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Dolly the sheep

Concorde G-BOAA (Alpha Alpha)

Tea Service of the Emperor Napoleon

Assyrian relief of King Ashurnasirpal II and a court official, from the North-West Palace

of Ashurnasirpal at Nimrud, excavated by Austen Henry Layard in the 1840s; the medical

pioneer James Young Simpson gave the panel to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland,

who passed it into the national collection

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Seringapatam sword, presented to David Baird by his field officers after the Battle of

Seringapatam, in May 1799

Silver travelling canteen of Prince Charles Edward Stuart

Boulton & Watt engine

Bute mazer (also referred to as the Bannatyne mazer)

Calcite crystal, found in 1927 at the New Glencrieff mine at Wanlockhead on the

Leadhills ore field, "an excellent example of a complex doubly terminated scalenohedral

crystal" (see Dogtooth spar)

Hunterston brooch

Lewis chessmen

Monymusk reliquary

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Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003) was a female domestic sheep, and the first animal to be

cloned from an adult somatic cell, using the process of nuclear transfer.[2][3] She was cloned by Ian

Wilmut, Keith Campbell and colleagues at the Roslin Institute, part of the University of Edinburgh,

Scotland, and the biotechnology company PPL Therapeutics, based near Edinburgh. The funding

for Dolly's cloning was provided by PPL Therapeutics and the Ministry of Agriculture.[4] She was

born on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease 5 months before her seventh

birthday.[1] She has been called "the world's most famous sheep" by sources including BBC News

and Scientific American.[5][6]

National Galleries of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Gailearaidhean Nàiseanta na

h-Alba) is the executive non-departmental public body that controls the three national

galleries of Scotland and two partner galleries, forming one of the National

Collections of Scotland.

The Scottish National Gallery is the national art gallery of Scotland. It is located on

The Mound in central Edinburgh, in a neoclassical building designed by William

Henry Playfair, and first opened to the public in 1859.[1] The gallery houses the

Scottish national collection of fine art, including Scottish and international art from

the beginning of the Renaissance up to the start of the 20th century.

List of national galleries[edit]



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The Scottish National Gallery

The Scottish National Portrait Gallery

The Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art

The Partner Galleries are:

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Duff House in Banff, Aberdeenshire

Paxton House, Berwickshire

The National Galleries of Scotland has over 96,000 objects in its collection. We have selected just

a few of these to give you a sense of the breadth and quality of the art in our care. These highlights

are the works you won’t want to miss when you visit the galleries or on the web. They range from

major works by Titian, Rembrandt and Vermeer through to Picasso, Hockney and Warhol.

2 Calton Hill (/ˈkɔːltən/) (also referred to as "the Calton Hill"), is a hill in

central Edinburgh, Scotland, situated beyond the east end of Princes Street and

included in the city's UNESCOWorld Heritage Site. Views of, and from, the hill

are often used in photographs and paintings of the city.

Calton Hill is the headquarters of the Scottish Government, which is based at St

Andrew's House,[1] on the steep southern slope of the hill; with the Scottish Parliament

Building, and other notable buildings, for example Holyrood Palace,[2] lying near the

foot of the hill. The hill is also the location of several iconic monuments and buildings:

the National Monument,[2] the Nelson Monument,[2][3] the Dugald Stewart

Monument,[2][3] the old Royal High School,[2][3] the Robert Burns Monument,[2] the

Political Martyrs' Monument and the City Observatory.[3][

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The Palace of Holyroodhouse (/ˈhɒlɪˈruːd/ or /ˈhoʊlɪˈruːd/[1]), commonly

referred to as Holyrood Palace, is the official residence of the British monarch in

Scotland. Located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh, at the opposite end

to Edinburgh Castle, Holyrood Palace has served as the principal residence of the

Kings and Queens of Scots since the 16th century, and is a setting for state occasions

and official entertaining.

Queen Elizabeth spends one week in residence at Holyrood Palace at the beginning of

each summer, where she carries out a range of official engagements and ceremonies.

The 16th century Historic Apartments of Mary, Queen of Scots and the State

Apartments, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public throughout

the year, except when members of the Royal Family are in residence.

The Palace today

The Queen is in residence at the Palace of Holyroodhouse during Holyrood week, which usually takes place from

the end of June to the beginning of July. Then the Scottish variant of the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom is

flown, and the Royal Company of Archers forms Her Majesty's ceremonial bodyguard.

Welcome to St Giles’ Cathedral

St Giles’ Cathedral is the historic City Church of between Edinburgh Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse.

With its famed crown spire it stands on the Royal

Also known as the High Kirk of Edinburgh, it is the Mother Church of

Presbyterianism and contains the Chapel of the Order of the Thistle (Scotland’s

chivalric company of knights headed by the Queen).

St Giles' Cathedral, more properly termed the High Kirk of Edinburgh, is the

principal place of worship of the Church of Scotland in Edinburgh. Its distinctive

crown steeple is a prominent feature of the city skyline, at about a third of the way

down the Royal Mile which runs from the Castle to Holyrood Palace. The church has

been one of Edinburgh's religious focal points for approximately 900 years. The

present church dates from the late 14th century, though it was extensively restored in

the 19th century, and is protected as a category A listed building.[1] Today it is

sometimes regarded as the "Mother Church of Presbyterianism".[2] The cathedral is

dedicated to Saint Giles, who is the patron saint of Edinburgh,[3] as well as of cripples

and lepers, and was a very popular saint in the Middle Ages. It is the Church of

Scotland parish church for part of Edinburgh's Old Town.

St Giles' was only a cathedral in its formal sense (i.e. the seat of a bishop) for two

periods during the 17th century (1635–1638 and 1661–1689), when episcopalianism,

backed by the Crown, briefly gained ascendancy within the Kirk (see Bishops' Wars).

In the mediaeval period, prior to the Reformation, Edinburgh had no cathedral as the

royal burgh was part of the Diocese of St Andrews, under the Bishop of St Andrews

whose episcopal seat was St Andrew's Cathedral. For most of its post-Reformation

history the Church of Scotland has not had bishops, dioceses, or cathedrals. As such,

the use of the term cathedral today carries no practical meaning. The "High Kirk" title

is older, being attested well before the building's brief period as a cathedral.

The Scott Monument is a Victorian Gothic monument to Scottish author Sir Walter

Scott. It is the largest monument to a writer in the world.[1] It stands in Princes Street

Gardens in Edinburgh, opposite the Jenners department store on Princes Street and

near to Edinburgh Waverley Railway Station, which is named after Scott's Waverley

novels.

Edinburgh Castle is a historic fortress which dominates the skyline of the city of

Edinburgh, Scotland from its position on the Castle Rock. Archaeologists have

established human occupation of the rock since at least the Iron Age (2nd century

AD), although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. There has been a royal

castle on the rock since at least the reign of David I in the 12th century, and the site

continued to be a royal residence until the Union of the Crowns in 1603. From the

15th century the castle's residential role declined, and by the 17th century it was

principally used as military barracks with a large garrison. Its importance as a part of

Scotland's national heritage was recognised increasingly from the early 19th century

onwards, and various restoration programmes have been carried out over the past

century and a half. As one of the most important strongholds in the Kingdom of

Scotland, Edinburgh Castle was involved in many historical conflicts from the Wars

of Scottish Independence in the 14th century to the Jacobite Rising of 1745. Research

undertaken in 2014 identified 26 sieges in its 1100 year-old history, giving it a claim

to having been "the most besieged place in Great Britain and one of the most attacked

in the world".[2]

Edinburgh Castle dominates Scotland's capital city from its great rock. Its story has

helped shape the nation's story.

Battles and sieges were fought over it, royalty lived and died within its walls, and

countless generations have been and inspired by it.

The Royal Mile (Scots: Ryal Mile) is the name given to a succession of streets

forming the main thoroughfare of the Old Town of the city of Edinburgh in Scotland.

The name was first used in W M Gilbert's Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century

(1901), and was further popularised as the title of a guidebook, published in 1920.[1]

The thoroughfare, as the name suggests, is approximately one Scots mile long[2] and

runs downhill between two significant locations in the history of Scotland, namely

Edinburgh Castle and Holyrood Palace. The streets which make up the Royal Mile are

(west to east) Castlehill, the Lawnmarket, the High Street, the Canongate and

Abbey Strand. The Royal Mile is the busiest tourist street in the Old Town, rivalled

only by Princes Street in the New Town.

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