现在分词的时态语态形式

现在分词的时态、语态形式

先看下面例句：

g the bad news , she couldn`t help crying.

bridge being built now is more than two hundred metres long.

realized his mistakes, he made his mind to correct them

been given such a good chance, how could he let it pass away ?

从上面例句中的划线部分，可归纳出现在分词的时态及语态形式，以write 例：

语态

时态

一般式

完成式

各种形式表达的意义：现在分词一般式的主动语态表示一个主动动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或正在进行，一般式的被动语态表示一个被动动作正在进行。完成式表示其动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

注意：及物动词的过去分词表示一个被动动作已经完成，不定式的被动式表示一个被动动作将要发生。例如：

the bridge built last month

the bridge to be built next month

分词（短语）作状语，可以改成状语从句或并列谓语；作定语可以改成定语从句。

试把下列句子中的划线部分改为状语从句，并列谓语或定语从句。

ing from the palace ball, Mathilde found the necklace missing.

man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.

film being shown in the cinema is exciting.

a League member , he’s always ready to help others.

husband died, leaving her with two children.

boy sat on the sofa, watching TV.

主动语态 被动语态

writing

having written

being written

having been written

worked abroad for ten years , he returned to his homeland.

been kept in prison for 20 years, he was set free.

答案：

Mathilde returned from the palace ball

is speaking to the teacher

(that) is being shown in the cinema

he is a League member

left her with two children

watched TV

he had worked abroad for ten years

he had been kept in prison for 20 years

分词（短语）作状语：

试把下列状语从句改为分词短语

he turned on the light, he was surprised to see his son lying on the

floor.

it is seen from a distance, the mountain looks like an elephant.

they had finished the work there, they moved to another place.

he was ill, he couldn’t go to work.

he was seriously injured, Black was taken to hospital.

he didn’t know what to do, he turned to the teacher for help.

he has lived in Beijing since childhood, he knows the city very well.

it is left outside in winter, water can be changed into ice.

the boy had been told many times, the boy made the same

mistake.

dropped the glass and broke into pieces.

went into the room and was followed by a group of children.

cut off the electricity and prevented an accident .

答案：

g on the left

from a distance

finished the work there

ill

sly injured

knowing what to do

lived in Beijing since childhood

outside in winter

been told many times

ng into pieces

ed by a group of children

ting an -accident

分词（短语）作状语，其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，不然的话，应在分词前加上它自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构，例如：

permitting, I’ll do another two exercises.

shower being over, we walked on.

rushed out of the room, his face covered with sweat.

the tickets sold out, they went away disappointed.

homework finished , the boy went out to play.

leg badly hurt, he had to stay in bed.

有的名词短语，句子的主语不是它的逻辑主语，也不自带主语，称为“悬垂分词”或“独立成分”。例如:

g from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor”.

lly speaking, girls are more careful.

ering his young age, he knows a lot.

of Jim, have you heard that he’s getting married.

非谓语动词

1. from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many

plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

separated separated been separated

be separated

asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a

space flight.

ng trained have trained be trained

3. in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had

left the cheque in the car.

g wait waited have waited

4. by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind

farms on their land.

encouraged aging aged

encouraged

manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the

meeting room.

has made made

6. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden one at the entrance，

in the natural light during the day.

let g let

7. the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn

a lot about firefighting.

searched search ing

trees in the storm have been moved off the road.

blown down down g down blow down

9. around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see Bird’s Nest for

the 2008 Olympic Games.

shown be shown been shown show

10. to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

fail failed

rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces.

caused g cause

had a wonderful childhood, with his mother to all corners of the

world.

travel ed ing

experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if regularly,

can improve our health.

carried out ng out d out carry out

14. from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of

trees.

seen see

, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position

at a local advertising agency.

ling led struggled struggle

of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies

to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.

g send sent have sent

Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of

the bank presents for my dad.

buy have bought

lady walked around the shops, an eye out for bargains.

g keep

are invited to a party in our club next Friday.

be held held g

20 not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport

in a hurry.

ing ed remind reminded

21. that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll

on her bed.

see

22 in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of

spring.

walk g walked

23 —Did the book give the information you needed?

—Yes, But it, I had to read the entire book.

find be finding g