介词about的意义与用法(中学英语教学论文)

介词about的意义与用法 (中学英语教学论文)

1.到处，在各处（in various directions）：There lay books

about the room.书被扔得满屋子都是。 /Flowers dot about our

school.我们学校里到处点缀着鲜花。/Sheep and cows are about

the lawn.草地上到处都是牛羊。

2.向四周，向各处（to various places）：He is traveling about

the world.他正在世界各地旅行。 /The headmaster took the

foreign guests about the campus.校长带外宾参观校园。 /The mice

ran away about the house on hearing a cat coming.老鼠们一听见猫到来就向屋子的四周奔逃。

3.在四周，在周围，围绕（round）： There are a lot of trees

about the house.在房子的周围有许多树木。 /There is a fence

about his garden.他的菜园的四周围了一道篱笆。 /The children sat

about Lei Feng.孩子们围着雷锋而坐。

4.在附近(in the vicinity of, near)：Mr. An bought a house

about the school.安先生在学校附近买了房子。 /The parents are

chatting and their children are playing with toys about them. 父母们在聊天，孩子们在他们的旁边玩玩具。

5.在里面 (within a given place or area)：Mr. Zhang could only

walk about the place that Mr Jiang limited. 张先生只能在蒋先生限制的地方里面走动。 /He seemed to have something hidden about

his person. 他的衣服里好像藏有什么东西。

6.在身边，在身上，在手头（on or near the body of）：

Yesterday I wanted to buy the violin in the window, but I

happened to have no money about me. 昨天我想买下窗口里的那把小提琴，但碰巧身上没带钱。 /A strange smell about her caused

her much trouble.她身上的怪味给她添了很多麻烦。

7.关于，有关（concerning; regarding; in connection with）：They are talking about the film they saw last night.他们在谈论他

们昨晚看过的电影。 /This story is about Lei Feng.这是个关于雷锋的故事。 /Please tell me something about your country. 请告诉我有关你们国家的一些情况。

8.从事，忙于(concerned or occupied with)：What are you

about? 你在做什么？ /Do you know how to set about it? 你知道怎样做这事吗？

9.与what或how连用，表示建议或询问： What about going

out for a walk? 出去散步怎么样？ /How about this blue skirt? 这件蓝的裙子怎么样？

10 接近于，大约，左右（or so; close to）：We left there

about ten o’clock. 我们大约在十点钟离开了那里。 /The school is

about six miles from the farm.学校离农场六英里左右。

11就要，即将（on the point of; going to）：Hurry up! The

plane is about to start.赶快，火车就要开动了。 /I was about to go

out when it began to rain.我正要出门，忽然天下起雨来。

about的意义与用法（2）

---about与名词、形容词、动词的搭配

魏继德

＋名词

● East正确的（方向），对的：He found out what was

about East and shaped his course accordingly. 他到了正确的方向，于是他采取了相应的行动。

● one’s ears 彻底破灭，完全落空：I don’t believe

that her hope will come crashing about her ears.我相信她的希望不会落空。

● face 向后转(指操练动作), (立场,观点的)彻底改变：He

made a 180° about face.他来了个180°的大转弯。

● one’s person在某人的衣服里，在身上：He had a

gun hidden about his person. 他身上藏有一支。

B.形容词＋about

● about ( or with, or over)忙于：What are you busy

about? 你在忙什么？ /Don’t disturb your sister; she is busy

about her lessons.别打搅你，她在忙功课。

● l about (or of)当心，注意：You should be more

careful about your spelling. 你要更加注意你的拼写。

● us about谨慎于，注意：He is never cautious about

his clothing. 他从不讲究衣着。

● n about确知，相信：She was not certain about the

grammar and some of the idioms. 她对语法和一些成语没有把握。

● about 明白： I am not clear about the reason why

he wants to go. 我不明白他要去的原因。

● ted about为……自满，自誇：She hasn’t anything

to be conceited about. 她没有任何事情可骄傲的。

● about狂欢于……：The villagers were crazy about

their rich harvest. 村民们狂热地欢庆他们的大丰收。

● us about (or in) 慷慨，乐于：Mr. White is

generous about helping the poor. 怀特先生乐于帮助穷人。

● about对……喜欢： Mary was glad about the book

I gave her.玛丽很喜欢我送给她的书。

● about因……而有罪：Didn’t he feel guilty about

hiring children workers? 难道他不觉得雇佣童工是有罪的吗？

● about因……而高兴，喜于：Are you happy about

your new car? 你喜欢你的新车吗？ /My brother is happy about

getting a new job.我兄弟因得到一份新工作而高兴。

● about迷于：Her daughter is keen about the game

on the computer.她的女儿迷于电脑游戏。

● about懒于：He has become lazy about doing

morning exercises.他已经懒于做早操了。

● about 着迷，狂热追求：A classmate of mine gets

mad about Mary. 我的一位同学狂热地追求玛丽。

● stic about对……乐观：Liu Hua is very optimistic

about his future.刘华对他的前途很乐观。

● 19pensive about ……而忧愁：She was pensive about her

losing work. 她在为失去工作而忧愁。

● istic about (or of)对……悲观：Luce is pessimistic

about passing the examination. 露西对她能否通过考试感到悲观。

● about (or of)因……而骄傲：We are proud about

being Chinese.我们作为中国人而感到骄傲。

● ive about对……注意： She is sensitive about her

appearance. 她很注意她的外表。

● s about对……认为严重，拼命的：Dick was serious

about being the champion. 狄克拼命地要当冠军。

● about羞于：Reed is a boy who is shy about getting

in with a girl. 理德一个羞于同女孩子交往的男孩。

● about (or of)对……有把握，确实知道： Mr. Ma is not

sure about the grammar and some of idioms. 马先生对语法和一些成语没有把握。

● ious about (or of) 对……感到疑惑：I am suspicious

about his theory. 我对他的理论感到怀疑。

● about 担心，为……感到不安： Mrs. Wang was

uneasy about her daughter who didn’t come home. 王太太为没有回家的女儿担心。

● about心慌，混乱：Xiao Ya was upset about her

missing friend. 萧雅因她的朋友失踪而心慌意乱。

C)动词＋about

● about询问，探听：She often asks Lao Cao about

她常常向老曹询问纪先生的情况。

● about四处闲逛：The wandering boy was beating

about the street. 那个流浪儿在街上四处闲逛。

● about for搜寻，寻求：He always beats about for

an excuse not to attend the meetings.他总是寻借口不参加会议。

● about (or around) the bush推诿，逃避：Tell me the

truth; don’t beat about the bush.告诉我实话，不要吞吞吐吐。

● about (or of)吹嘘：Jimmy keeps boasting about

having been to the moon.吉米不停地吹嘘说他到过月球。

● about因……烦扰，麻烦：Don’t bother about

your little son. He has grown up.别为你的儿子麻烦了，他已长大了。/I never bother about clothes.我从不为穿着的事费心。

● about 导致，引起，产生，实现： Her husband’s

death brought her about great sadness.丈夫的死亡使她悲哀。

/What brought about that bloody incident? 那次流血事件是怎样引起的？ /We hope to bring about a peaceful solution of the

problem in Middle East 我们希望中东实现和平。

● about ①关心：A selfish person does not care about

other people’s problems.一个自私的人是不会关心别人的困难的。

②在意，计较：She didn’t care about anything that people

might say.人们说什么她都不在乎。 ③喜欢：I don’t care much

about watching TV. 我不太喜欢看电视。 /The Emperor cared more

for fine new clothes than for anything else. 那位皇帝热中于漂亮的新衣胜过一切。

● n about警告：The boss has cautioned Rose about

her carelessness in her work. 老板已经警告过罗斯她工作上的粗心。

● about包围： Mountains close about the small

town. 山环抱着那个小镇。 /The police has closed about the

house. 警察已经包围了那座房子。

● about (adv) 发生：I don’t know how the accident

came about。我不知道这事故是怎么发生的。 /A great change in

people’s thinking has come about.人们的思想发生了很大的变化。/How does it come about that you are always so thin? 你怎么总是那么瘦？

● n about 关心，挂念：Don’t concern about your

grades only at the end of the term.不要只在期末才关心你们的分数。

/Many people are concerning about the future of Iraq. 很多人在关心伊拉克的前途。

● e about 使混乱：His long lecture confused about

the topic. 他的长篇演讲把讲题都弄混了。

● t about请医生看病，与……商量：You should

consult the doctor about your cough. 你应当请医生检查你的咳嗽。

/You can consult my cousin about buying a car. 你可向我的表兄请教购买小汽车的事。

● about (or over) 叹惜（不幸等）：She often cries

about the death of her husband. 她常常叹惜丈夫的死。

● rate about 讨论：How long did it take you to

deliberate about the problem? 你们花了多长时间来讨论那个问题？

● about对……疑惑：I don’t doubt about his

honesty at all. 对于他的诚实, 我一点也不怀疑。

● about的意义与用法（3）

-- about与动词的搭配

魏继德

about (or of) 梦想，梦见：I never dreamed about

being president 我做梦也没有想到当总统。 /Yingzi dreams about

Uncle An becoming her step-father. 樱子非常希望安伯伯成为她的继父。

● about 刺激，激动： I did not want to excite him

about the fire. 关于这次解雇，我不想刺激他。 /She got excited at

the news. 她因那条消息而变得激动起来。

● about 忘记，疏忽： The game on the computer

was so funny that Jimmy often forgot about his lessons. His

mother told him not to forget to work hard at his lesson and she

forgot saying so to Jimmy too many times. 有趣的电脑游戏使吉米

常常不把功课放在心上，他母亲叫他别忘记努力学习功课，她忘记她已经对吉米这样说的次数太多了。

● all about完全忘记：Einstein was so deep in his

study that he forgot all about his friend and his supper. 爱因斯坦一头扎进研究中，完全忘记了他的朋友和晚餐。

about 为……而焦急：She told me not to fret about her

health. 她叫我不要为她的健康担忧。

● about 流传，往来，四处行走： She wants to get

about the world. 她想要扬名世界。 /There are people getting

about the market. 市场上人来人往。 /It’s getting about that a

war will break out in America. 据传在美国将要发生一场战争。

● about ①为……目的而去： How did you go about

finding a new job? 你怎样了到新工作呢？ ②四处走动： He is

going about with Tom. 他同汤姆一起到处走动。 ③流传、传说：The story is going about that her uncle with Ania is flying to

Hangzhou. 据说她的伯父同安莉娅将飞往杭州。 ④从事，进行，干（engage; being busy with）：I think they are going about the

project blindly.我认为他们在盲目地进行那个工程。 /We are going

about our work in high spirits.我们干得正起劲呢。 ⑤着手，开始(set about; begin)：How shall we go about the job? 我们该怎样着手做这件工作？ /They are going about cultivating the wasteland.

他们开始垦荒。 /How do you go about repairing this computer?

你怎样着手修理这台计算机?

● about (or for or over)伤心于： Mr. Zheng grieved

about the loss of his wife. 郑先生伤心于他妻子的去世。

● e about (or at) 发牢骚；抱怨：She said she had

nothing to grumble about. 她说她没有什么可抱怨的。

● about ①在……徘徊，闲荡：She was seen hanging

about the bank of the river that evening. 那天傍晚有人看见她在河岸边徘徊。 /After leaving school he hung about for half a year. 毕

业后他闲荡了半年。 ②在身边，在附近：It was raining outside the

house and the chickens hung about the hen. 屋子外面下着雨，小鸡依偎在母鸡身旁。

● about (or of) 听到，听说： Have you heard about

what happened in September 11? 你听说了九月11日发生的事吗？

/I have heard a lot about it.这事我听人谈了很多。

● about 围绕，封锁，束缚：He hedged about his

garden with bamboo.他用竹子把菜园围起来。 /Don’t always

hedge about yourself in the room. 不要老是把你自己锁在房子里。

● about闲逛, 无所事事：Lao Zheng was not pleased

with Xiao Zheng, who always idled about the town.小郑总是在镇里闲逛，老郑对他有些不满。

● about (or of) 通知, 告诉：Have you informed

them about your intended departure? 你告诉了他们你想离去吗？

● e about打听，询问：She often inquires of me

about your father. 她常常向我打听你的父亲的情况。 /He went to

the school to inquire about his son. 他到学校询问儿子的情况。

● about ①旅游，旅行：She's been kicking about

Africa. 她正在非洲旅行。 ②虐待，粗暴地对待：They kicked him

about until he ran away. 他们虐待他直至他逃走。 ③考虑，讨论：He is kicking about his new plan. 他在考虑他的新计划。 ④忽略，不注意：My cap's kicking about somewhere. 我的帽子放在什么地方了。

● about ①到处流浪，漫游：He's knocked about

Africa all his life. 他在非洲漂泊一生。 /He used to knock about the

streets. 他曾在街头流浪。 ②冲击，碰撞：The ship had been badly

knocked about by storms. 船饱受风暴的冲击。 ③闲置, 在场：The

tractor has been knocking about the farmhouse for months. 那辆拖拉机在农舍里已经闲置几个月了。 /She's been knocking about

here for years. 她在这儿待了好几年了。 ④虐待：It is not right that

he knocks about his wife. 他虐待妻子是不对的。

● about知道……事，了解……情况(have information

about)：I know about Bush, but I don’t know him. 我知道布什的事，但我不认识他。

● about奋力搏斗，四面出击，拳打脚踢(do all one can;

make a long arm)：We laid about the enemies by night. 乘着黑夜我们向敌人四面出击。 /The boy was seen laying about his father.

有人看见那男孩对他的父亲拳打脚踢。

● about 听说到，了解到（hear about）：I have

learnt about what has happened to her. 我已听到了她所发生的事情。

● about 乱放：The furniture with the grain was left

about the floor. 家具与谷物一同乱放在地板上。

● about 点缀, 无所事事，弃置不用：Xiao Zheng is used

to lying about the town, which makes his father angry. 肖征习惯于在城里无所事事，这使得他的父亲很恼火。

● about使唤，支使：Mrs. White is used to ordering

about her husband. 怀特太太习惯于支使她的丈夫。 /He likes to

order people about. 他喜欢对人们发号司令。

● about玩耍，鬼混：Mr. Cock is fond of playing

about young women. 柯克先生喜欢同年轻女人鬼混。

● about杀死：It was reported that they pushed

about a number of the captives. 据报道他们杀害了许多俘虏。

● about ①使难过，使着急：The death of that good

doctor put about everybody. 那位优秀医生的死使大家很难过。

/People were put about by sars .非典型肺炎使人们很焦急。 ②传播（谣言）：It was put about that Saddam died in the war. 谣传萨大姆在战争中死亡了。

● about对……感到迷惑：Black was puzzled about

the headmaster’s remark yesterday. 布莱克对校长昨天的批评感到

迷惑不解。

● l about为……争吵：Don’t quarrel about such a

trifling matter with her.不要为这样的小事同她争吵。

● about (or of)获悉，听到（hear of, learn of）： I

have read about my friend’s sickness.我听说我的朋友病了。

● about ①查询，留意于，注意 ( inquire about ; pay

attention to)：He promised to see about the matter. 他答应注意这件事。 /We'll see about that! 咱们走着瞧！ ②考虑（consider;

think about）：I want to buy a computer and my mother said

she would see about it.我想买台计算机，我母亲说她将考虑这件事。

③安排、处理（attend to; arrange）：My sister saw about the

appointment. 我的安排了这次约会。 ④商量（consult about）：You’d better see the headteacher about your plan. 你最好同班主任商量你的计划。

● about ①开始，着手（start; begin）： Let’s set

about to clean the classroom.让我们开始打扫教室。 /We set about

our task at once with great enthusiasm.我们立即满腔热情地干了起来。 ②散布（spread; scatter; diffuse）：I wonder who set about

the rumor. 我不知道谁散布了这谣言。 ③攻击(attack)： They set

about each other fiercely. 他们相互猛烈殴打。

● about歌颂（pay a tribute to）：They are singing

about their great motherland. 他们正在歌唱他们的伟大祖国。

● about谈到，讲起(refer to; talk of)： My uncle

spoke about the adventure. 我的伯父讲到那次历险。

● about 谈到，谈论(refer to)：They are talking about

the Disneyland and the workers that they visited yesterday.他们在谈论他们昨天参观过的迪斯尼乐园和工人们。

● about讲述有关……，显露出(narrate; unfold)： The

story tells about a fisherman who met with a fairy. 故事讲述了一位遇见仙女的渔夫。 /Her face tells about her happiness and

shame. 她的脸上显露出幸福与羞涩。

● about ①考虑(consider)：I am thinking about this

problem. 我正在考虑这个问题。 /He is thinking about whether to

buy a car. 他在考虑是否买车。 ②想到(occur; think of)：I’ll be

thinking about you all the time. 我会时常想到你的。 ③认为(be

one’s opinion)： What do you think about this film? 你认为这电影怎么样？

● about 在来处等待着，呆呆地等：Mary had Tom wait

about for her two hours. 玛丽让汤姆呆呆地等了两小时。

● about (or of)告诉，谈到，告诫，警告：He warned

us about the serious situation of Byland Korea. 他向我们谈了朝鲜半岛的严重形势。 /The Weather Bureau warned about hurricanes.气象局发出了飓风警报。

● about对……感到惊讶(be surprised at)：I wonder

about the death of Wo. 我对沃的死亡感到惊讶。

● about担心，挂虑(be afraid for; take thought for)：

Don’t worry about your pay. 别担心你的报酬。 /He said he

worried about nothing. 他说他没有什么可挂虑的。

（小周）