Herd mentality

-真题精选-

Herd mentality

第一段

Come on-Everybody’s doing it.（来吧，每个人都这样做）

That whispered message,half invitation and half goad,is what most of us think

of when we hear the words peer pressure.（当我们听到“同侪压力”这个词，我们大部分人会想到，半邀请半煽动的窃窃私语的消息）

It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.（它通常会导致糟糕的事情—酗酒，和）

But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer

pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure,（但在她的新书《加入俱乐部》里，蒂娜.罗森伯格辩称，“同侪压力”，也可以是一种积极的力量，通过她所说的社会治愈）

In which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help

individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.（一些组织机构和官员们使用体动力的力量来帮助个人改善他们的生活，甚至是世界）

第二段

Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of examples of the

social cure in action.（作为普利策奖的获得者，罗森伯格提供了大量关于社会治愈的例子）

In south Carolina,a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Agains

the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.（在南卡罗来纳州，一个州发起的反吸烟计划，称为“愤怒反对阴霾”，使得香烟不再流行）

In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initivative known as LoveLife recruits young

people to promote safe sex among their peers.（在南非，一个预防艾滋病毒组织，最初称为“爱生命”，招募年轻人来倡导同龄人之间的安全性行为）

-真题精选-

第三段

The idea seems promising,and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.（这个想法，似乎前景很光明，罗森柏格是位敏锐的观察员）

Her critique of the lameness of many public-health campaigns is spot-on.(她对许多公共健康组织缺陷的批判是很准确的)

They fail to moilize peer pressure for healthy habits,and they demonstrate a

seriously flawed understanding of psychology.（他们没有调动同侪压力来促进健康的生活习惯，他们对心理认识有严重缺陷）

“Dare to be different,please don’t smoke!”（“勇于不同，请不要抽烟”）

Pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among

teenagers-teenagers,who desire nothing more than fitting in .（一个广告运动宣传，旨在减少那些有从众心理青少年的吸烟行为）

Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a

page from advertisers,so skilled at applying peer pressure.（罗柏森柏格认为令人信服的公共健康倡导者，应该学习广告商，他们能熟练运用同侪压力）

第四段

But on the general effectiveness of the social cure,Rosenberg is less

persuasive.（但对社会治愈的总体效果，罗森伯格的想法不太具有说服力）

Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough

exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so

powerful.（《加入俱乐部》充满太多不相关的细节，并没有对那些使用同侪压力如此强大的社会和生物因素进行足够的探索）

The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented that it doesn’t work

very well for very long.（社会治愈，它最明显的缺陷是它并没有长时间生效）

Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.（一旦国家财政拨款被消减，“愤怒反对阴霾”就失败了

Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and

mixed.（证据表明“爱生命”计划产生的持久的改变是有限的，而且是错杂的）

-真题精选-

第五段

There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our

behavior.（毫无疑问，我们的同龄体会对我们的行为产生巨大的影响力）

An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as

negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication.（新兴的研究机构表明，积极的和消极的健康习惯都会通过社交传到朋友网里）

This is a subtle form of peer pressure:we unconsciously imitate the behavior

we see every day.（这是同侪压力的一个微妙的形式，我们不自觉地模仿那些我们每天都能看到的行为）

第六段

Far less certain,however,is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can

select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.（但是，不确定的是专家和官员会有多成功的来选择我们的同龄体，并引导行为朝向着良性的方向）

It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing

them with better-behaved classmates.（这就像老师通过与表现好的学生做比较以便解决后排麻烦制造者的问题一样）

The tactic never really works.（这个策略从来没有真正起作用）

And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside:（这是从外面表现的一种社会治愈的问题：）

In the real world,as in school,we insist on choosing our own friends.（在现实世界中，在学校里，我们坚持选择自己的朋友）

9.22晚