副词,形容词作状语的区别

副词(adv.)修饰形容词或动词,形容词(adj.)修饰名词或者代词.

副词一般以ly结尾. 副词在句中作状语,一般靠近谓语动词或者在句首或者句末.形容词靠近所修饰的名词或代词，作定语.

建议你多读英语课本，有意识的分析句子的结构,出主.谓.宾. 相信你的外语会有明显的提高的.

容易混淆的形容词和副词

形容词用来修饰名词；副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。可是，有时形容词和副词容易混淆。例如“A

fast train reached the destination fast”中的第一个“fast”是形容词，第二个就是副词。此外，有些词既能是形容词，也能是副词，有些词义不变，另些词义不同；有些形容词加上后缀“-ly”构成的副词和原来的形容词意思相近，但有一些意义则相差甚远；更有些形容词，除自己本身能兼而充当副词之外，又可以再加上后缀“-ly”构成派生副词，若不小心，容易引起混淆。

下面分别举例说明：

⑴可作形容词又可作副词，词义不同如：

①a. Joelle is a pretty child.（形容词）

b. Tom will be back pretty soon.（副词）

②a. The old man has been ill for some time.（形容词）

b. Don't speak ill of others.（副词）

⑵既是形容词，也是副词，句子中的语法功能不同，但意义一样，如：

③a. What a deep ocean it is !（深的）

b. The boy dug deep into the ground.（深）

④a. Look at the high mountain!（高的）

b. Birds fly high in the sky.（高）

⑶形容词可以充当副词，又可以加上后缀，构成派生副词。在某些场合，两者相近，可以通用（如例⑤和⑥）；在另一些场合里，两者意思有异，不可混为一谈（如例⑦和⑧）：

⑤a. Hold it tight, please!

b. Hold it tightly, please!

⑥a. Please read slower.

b. Please read more slowly.

⑦a. John came late yesterday.（迟）

b. John has been working hard lately.（最近）

⑧a. Jason works hard.（努力地）

b. Susan hardly works.（几乎不）

⑷有些形容词或副词，同时有多个意思，如：

⑨a. Hard labour（苦工）

b. Hard times（艰难时代）

⑩a. The baby is fast asleep.（睡得熟）

b. Run fast, please!（ 请快跑）

c. Hold the rope fast!（紧握绳索）

⑸同词根的派生形容词和形容词及分词间，意思虽甚接近，但容易引起混乱，如：

11a. The child is sleepy.（昏昏欲睡）

b. The child is still asleep.（还在睡眠中）

c. Why are you looking at the sleeping child?（睡着的）

12a. Diana feels lonely/ lonesome in the big house.（感到寂寞）

b. Mary was alone in the office last night.（独自）

13a. Irene was awake the whole night last night.（整夜未眠）

b. Tom had a wakeful night last night.（整夜未眠）

c. What did you do during your waking hours last night?（醒着的时刻）

(a)和(b)意思相近，但(a)的 awake 只能作补足语；(b)的 wakeful 则没有这个局限。(c)里的waking 现在分词和(a)及(b)的两个形容词也似同非同，不易随意取代。

在英语中,某些形容词词形同时也可作副词,但这些形容词还有加后缀-ly 副词的形式,因此这类词就有两种副词形式，它们在用法上有些可以互换， 有些是有区别，下面笔者对这类词做一总结。

一般地说，可以互换的这类词，形容词词形的副词表示比较具体的概念， 经常用语口语中，不太正式；后缀-ly形式的副词，表示比较抽象的概念，有引申义，并有一定感情彩，变副词比较级时，用此类副词，如修饰动词和分词，放在它们前面。

1) cheap: often used instead of cheaply, esp. in casual conversation and with verbs like buy and sell

Do you like this shirt? I bought it really cheaply.

cheaply I can't sell you more cheaply.

2) clean: completely, used with (1) verb forget (2) the proposition over, through (3) adv away out

I ~ forget. The ball sailed ~ over the roof.

The prisoner got ~ away. I am afraid I am clean out of food.

cleanly: precisely in a clean manner, often used with v cut.

He caught the ball ~ . The doctor cut ~ through the abdominal wall.

3) clear: not touching

Please stand clear of the gate.

clearly: distinctly, obviously, similar to the meaning of clear

I can't see ~ without my glasses.

We ~need to think again.

4) close: near

Come close, I want to tell you something.

closely: carefully, with great attention

Study this ~ it's very important.

5) dead: exactly completely, used in certain expressions

~ right, ~ sure, ` tired, ~ slow, ~ ahead, ~ drunk, ~ straight

deadly: fatally

He was ~ injured in the crash.

6) direct: used instead of directly in talking about journeys and timetables

The plane goes ~ from London to Houston.

7) easy: used in certain expressions

Take it easy. easy come, easy go.

Easier said than done.

easily I can do very easily.

8) fair: used in the expression play ~, fight ~

fairly: justly, honestly

You must do it ~.

9) fine: well, used in some expressions

That suits me fine. You are doing ~.

finely: elaborately (细微地） (not commonly used

He studied it very finely.

10) free: without payment

You can't eat ~ in my restaurant.

freely: without limit or restriction(限制）

You can't speak ~ in front of my father.

11) hard: to show degree

He hit hard.

hardly: almost not

12) high it refers to high position.

Don't go higher. It is dangerous.

highly: it refers to an extreme degree "very much".

She is ~ paid. It is ~ amusing.

13) just: a moment ago I have just come here.

justly: in accordance with justice or the law.

You must do it justly.

14) late: not on time He hates arriving late.

lately: recently I haven't heard from you lately.

15) loud: used instead of loudly in informal conversation with the verbs talk, speak, shout, laugh

loudly: in a big voice They quarreled ~.

16) low: in a small voice

Can you speak low?

lowly: in a humble way

Don't speak to him lowly.

17) most: very Which do you like most?

mostly: mainly, most often, in most cases

18) pretty: rather ~ well, ~ soon

prettily: pleasing to people (悦人地）

He danced ~.

19) quick: in informal English used instead of quickly

quickly He acted ~.

20) real in informal English used instead of really

really Are you ~ tell me the truth.

21) right: just, exactly, all the way

The ball hit me ~ in the nose.

He arrived ~ after breakfast.

Turn right at the traffic lights.

rightly: correctly right can be used informally instead of rightly

You guessed right(ly)

22) sharp: punctually 准时地

He arrived at six o'clock ~.

sharply: 锐利地，急剧地

look ~ speak ~

23) short: suddenly

The car stopped suddenly.

shortly: soon He will come shortly.

24) slow used in informal conversation instead of slowly

go ~, drive ~

25) sound: 彻底地 used in the expression sound asleep

soundly: 非常好地 He is sleeping soundly.

26) straight and straightly used in the same way.

27) sure: used in American English meaning certainly

surely: He speaks very surely.

28) tight: used instead of tightly in informal conversation.

hold ~, pack ~. The door was shut ~.

tightly: We'd better sit tightly.

29)wide: He opened his eyes wide.

widely: in many different places

He has traveled widely.

30) wrong used instead of wrongly in informal conversation.

You guessed wrong(ly)