(完整版)among_between的区别用法_全

Lesson two

among between “在……之间”，区别如下：

(1)between用于表示双方之间的关系，不论双方的数目是多少。 Between+名词复数

The train runs between Beijing and Nanning.火车在北京和南宁两地间运行。

There is a tree between the two houses.这两座房子之间有一棵树。

(2)among后接人或物必须是三个或三个以上，在一、一组或一个整体中间。如： I saw him among the crowd.我看见他在人中。

London is among the greatest cities of the world.伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一。

注：在下列情况，between 可用于三者：

(1) 两个以上的人或物用 and 连接时。如： between A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之间

(2) 涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时。如：

the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别

the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系

(3) 表示“由于„„合作的结果”时。如：

Between them they landed the fish. 他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。

(4) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 among 和 between 均可。如：

He divided his money among [between] his five sons. 他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。

习题：

1、Paris is______ the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。

2、I found it______ a pile of old books. 我在一堆旧书中到了它。

3、There was a fight ______ the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。

4、when we talk about the universe,we mean the earth,the sun,the moon and the

stars,and the spaces______them.

There be

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there is /are 表示某个地方存在或有某个不确定的人或物。

该结构一般与介词短语连用，说明范围或地点场所。

There be + 某物 / 某人 + 某地

There be+ sb+sw

1，there is/are 结构中的实际主语是is/are 后面的名词。因此，假如该名词是复数，动词应是are.

There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。

There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。

例:There ____ a cup on the table.

There ______ some bottles on the table.

There ______ a cup and some bottles on the table.

There _______ some bottles and a cup on the table.

2，若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如: There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.

房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。

There are ten students and a teacher in the office.

办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。

区别：there be：表示某地有某物，指没有生命的物体有。 例如：There are many

books in the schoolbag.

have/has: 表示有生命的人或者动物有。 例如：I have many books.

3，There be 结构的句型转换

否定句

there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如:

There are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children in the

picture.

4，一般疑问句及其答语

把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。

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其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。

如:

There is a radio on the desk.

Is there a radio on the desk ?

Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.

规则：

is/are要提前, some 变any,其他都不变．

5，There are no students in the classroom.

=There are not any students in the classroom.

注意：There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换。

not any强调一个都没有。

6，There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式

1.对主语提问：

当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，

当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。

如：

There are lots of cars over there.

→What's over there?

There is a little girl in the room.

→Who is in the room?

2.对地点状语提问：则用where 引导

如：

There is a computer on the desk.

→ Where is the computer?

There are four children on the playground.

→Where are the four children?

3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：

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How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？

How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？

there be句型有时态的变化

1. there be 句型的一般过去时

There was/ were+某物/某人+其他。

思考：什么时候用was,什么时候用were

There ___a teacher and 40 students in the room yesterday.

2. there be句型的一般将来时

There will be +sb/sth +其他

There is (are) going to be+sb/sth +其他

There will be a party on Monday.

There is going to be a meeting this afternoon

3.其他结构：

There be＋sb.＋doing sth.＋地点/时间

有某人在做某事

There is a baby sleeping in the room.

树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。

There is a bird singing in the tree.

街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。

There are two boys running in the street.

语法：比较级和最高级

1、形容词和副词的比较级只限于两者之间；三者或三者以上用最高级

2、最高级在使用时，前面通常要加定冠词，并有一个短语或从句表示范围“定冠词（the)+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句”

注：物与物之间比较，人与人之间比较，用介词of

如果后面跟一个表示范围的地点场所，则用in

如果后面跟一个从句，用that 引导，或省略不用

例：

• He is the tallest of the three boys

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• John is the cleverest of us all.

• This is the largest dress in the shop.

• The ChangJiang River is the longest river in China

• This is the best film that I have ever seen.

• She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.

mountain 和 hill 的区别：

1) mountain 的意思是“山”、“山岳”,其复数形式mountains 常表示 “山脉”,通常指比hill 大或陡峭的高山例如：

①It’s the highest mountain in the world.它是世界上最高的山.

②The city lies in a valley with high mountains all around it .城市坐落在高山环抱的山谷中.

③the Rocky Mountains 落矶山脉

Climb mountain

2）hill 的意思是“小山”、“丘岭”,通常指比 mountain 小的山.例如：①They are

climbing the hill .他们正在爬山.②The house stands on the top of the hill.房子位于山顶上.

go/trave to the hill

3) mountain=mount, 指大山，高山。如果表示某一专有名词，而且置于专有名词前，要用mount, 如：Mount Taishan, Mount Qumolangma.

cross,across与through的区别

cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。

例如，Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。

Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big building .

过这座桥你就会看到一栋大楼。

cross作名词用是“十字架，十字形饰物”的意思。 across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。

如，The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿长城横跨5

中国西北。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。

例如，Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left. 横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。

through是介词，“在...之中，透过”的意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。

例如，The two friends were walking through the forest.这两个朋友正沿着森林走。 The sunlight comes through the glass.阳光透过玻璃。

along 和 down区别

go along是沿着走的意思,比如说顺着某条路走；

go down是沿着走下去的意思,有沿着什麽走到头的涵义,比如说沿着某条路走到头.go down this street,you can see a post office.

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