新概念英语第三册笔记第51课上课教案


2023年12月28日发(作者:招引的近义词)

Lesson 51 predicting the future

一、单词讲解 New words and expressions

notorious [nəʊˈtɔːriəs] adj. (尤指因坏事)众所周知的 famous for something (声名狼藉,臭名昭著)

a notorious bandit 出了名的, 众人皆知的,臭名远扬的, 声名狼藉的

eg. The region is notorious for its terrible snowstorms. 这个地区以大风雪闻名。

notorious 指因劣迹而臭名昭著,含强烈贬义;但有时也作“众所周知的”解。

这组词都有“著名的,知名的”的意思,其区别是:

famous 是普通用词,指传播很广,引起人们注意的人或事物。

eminent 指在某方面杰出卓越或突出的人或物。

notable 用于指事件时,侧重其重要、值得注意;用于指人时,与famous同义,但语气较弱。

outstanding 侧重指因素质优良,功绩卓著而超过同类的人或物,强调“突出”。

well-known adj.众所周知的( 强调众所周知的),但是仅只好的方面

-- She is well-known in the musical world. / This is well-known fact.

remarkable adj.不寻常的(包括褒义和客观)(同意词:unusual, uncommon, extraordinary)

-- a remarkable event , an extraordinary event 不同寻常的事件

unremarkable remarkably remark vt 谈到、说起(正式评论、谈论on/upon) n. 评论、意见 about

outstanding(adj.突出的,杰出的,卓越的)-- Our headmaster is an outstanding youth.(n.年轻人, 青少年)

Distinguished(adj. 杰出的, 卓越的, 不同非凡的)(非常成功且令人钦佩的) ~ physicist [‘fɪzɪsɪst]

Eminent(adj. 显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的) [‘emɪnənt] (尤指在某一行业、专业领域中颇有名气的)

Distinguished和eminent是同义词(都是用来修饰严肃领域的人)

-- a distinguished physicist(n.物理学家), an eminent surgeon(n.外科医生)

famous adj.著名的(普通用词,可用于人或物,指声名广为人知且持续很久的,名气大,有名)

-- He is a famous movie star. / Luxun is famous for his articles.

flagrant [ˈfleɪɡrənt] adj. 公然的,明目张胆的 八级

very shocking because it is done in a way that is easily noticed and shows no respect 公然的,恬不知耻的

flagrant cheating 公然欺骗 flagrant abuse 公开侮辱 flagrant violation 公然践踏

full-time a. 专职的 (a&ad全职的 (工作、学习),专职的;全日制的;全部时间的)

full-time job 专职工作,全天工作 full-time student 全日制学生;全职学生,脱产学生

part-time a&ad 部分时间的; 兼职的

technician n 技师 (n.技术员,技术人员someone whose job involves skilled practical work with scientific

equipment,;技巧纯熟的人is very good at the detailed technical aspects of an activity)

maintenance technician 修理行业的技术人员

laboratory technician 化验员;实验室技师 lab technician 实验室技术员;实验技师

engineering technician 工程技术员 computer technician 计算机技术人员

“某种职业、地位或特征的人” civilian n. 平民 civil 公民的 comedian n. 喜剧演员 comedy 喜剧

mathematician数学家 electrician n. 电工 historian n. 历史学家 politician n. 政客

表形容词,“…国的;…地方的,某人的或某宗教的” Arabian adj. 阿拉伯(人)的 Arab 阿拉伯人

Canadian adj. 加拿大(人)的 Egyptian adj. 埃及(人)的 Christian adj. 基督教(徒)的

technique 多指具体的某种技术和技巧。表示“技术”,是针对方法和技巧而言的,所以它通常可译为“技艺”或“技巧”等,尤其指音乐、艺术、体育、写作等方面的“技巧”。视含义的具体与抽象可用作可数或不可数名词。手法

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technology 含义比technique广泛,表示“技术”,泛指生产工艺、科学技术。通常指工业技术或科学技术等,是指科学知识在实践(或某一行业的实践)中的总体运用,其含义较抽象,通常是不可数名词。

Software 软件

Wares [wɛəz] n.货物, 商品

一小时故事 In the street below a peddler was crying his wares.

Ware n.器皿, 陶器, 物品(总称, 常用于复合词)

用某材料(或以某方式、在某地)制造的物品; 作…用的器皿; …室的物品;

-- silverware 银器 / ironware 铁器 / chinaware 陶器 / glassware 玻璃器皿

-- software 软件 / hardware 五金器具, (电脑的)硬件

软件:系统软件、应用软件 system software系统 application software应用

Microwave n.微波,微波炉

Micro- adj.极小的, 微小的,微观的; 或是作为形容词 [ˈmaɪkrəʊ]

Microsoft 微软 Microscope 显微镜 Microsecond 百万分之一秒, 微秒 at a micro level. 在微观层面

Microgram 微克,百万分之一克 Microphone 扩音器, 麦克风 Microworld 微观世界

macro adj.巨大的,宏观的 [ˈmækrəʊ]

macrostructure 宏观结构 macroclimate 大气候,宏观气候 macroworld 宏观世界

IBM (美国)国际商用机器公司 International Business Machines Corporation 深蓝,第一代超级计算机

全球最大的信息技术和业务解决方案公司,拥有全球雇员 31万多人,业务遍及160多个国家和地区。自1993年起,IBM连续20年出现在全美专利注册排行榜的榜首。2004年12月8日其PC部门出售给联想公司。IBM在大型机,超级计算机,服务器方面领先业界。

DOS 磁盘操作系统 disk operating system

微软图形界面操作系统 Windows NT 问世以来,DOS就是一个后台程序的形式出现的。可以通过点击运行-CMD进入运行。

Microsoft (美国)微软公司

亚马逊(Amazon)0.962万亿

微软(Microsoft)0.883万亿

Facebook 0.46万亿

苹果公司(Apple)1.18万亿

谷歌(Google)0.92万亿

阿里巴巴0.412万亿 腾讯0.383万亿

1.1万亿美元可以排在墨西哥和印度尼西亚之间,位居全球第16名

User-friendly a. 容易操作的,好用的 (用户界面友好的,界面友好的)easy to use or operate

baby-friendly hospital 爱婴 environment-friendly 环境友好型的

user-friendly design 人性化设计 ; 设计思路 user-friendly control 操作简便

User-Friendly Functions 用户容易掌握使用

mainframe n.主机 (主机 (指可同时供多人使用的大型计算机);大型计算机)

main engine 主发动机 mainboard n.主板 monitor n.显示器 memory n.内存 chip内存条

CPU: central processing unit interface 界面 folder n.文件夹

DOS :Disk Operation System

Internet英特网,互联网 Network 网络 WWW : World Wide Web 万维网

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surf on line 网上冲浪

multimedia n./adj. 多媒体(的)

multimedia message 彩信,多媒体消息

multi- 多

multiply 1、vt&vi使大大增加; 大大增加 2、vi大量繁殖 3、乘以

multiple a.多样的;多功能的;多种的

multinational 跨国的(公司),多国的(部队)

multiform a.多种多样的 multicultural a.多种文化的

mono-表示“单个,一个”

monotonous单调的(枯燥的,乏味的) monotony [məˈnɒtəni] 名词

The monotony of sth is the fact that it never changes and is boring. 单调乏味; 一成不变 [oft N 'of' n]

monologue [ˈmɒnəlɒɡ] 独白 monopoly [məˈnɒpəli] 垄断,专利,专卖权

have/hold a monopoly on sth eg. The government holds a monopoly on the postal services.

alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] adj.选择的 (只用作定语)可选择的,可替换的,供选择的 n 替代品 用介词to

an alternative plan an alternative route an alternative way

alter vt. 改变,更改vi. 改变;修改 my will will not be shaken or altered

change 作及物动词时,则是对本质的,全面的,彻底的改变。Can you change the dress? 更换衣服

alter 作及物动词时,是对局部,表面的改变。Can you alter the dress? (你会改做这件衣服吗?)

alternate adj. 轮流交替的;间隔的 动词读作 ’ɔːltəneɪt。形容词和名词读作ɔːl’tɜːnɪt。

a week of alternate rain and sunshine 连着一星期的晴雨交替的天气

eg. He works on alternate days.

alternate Mondays间隔的 alternate weekends间隔的

alternately adv. 轮流地,轮换地

eg. Men and women sit alternately. work shift alternately

alternate v. 交替,轮流,轮换

alternate sth with sth /alternate between sth and sth

alternate work with sleep 干会儿,睡会儿 alternate between work and sleep

eg. Day alternates with night. 昼夜更迭

eg. Hopes and fear alternate in my mind. 我心里一会感到充满希望,一会又觉得有点害怕。

diagnose vt. 诊断 (vt. 诊断;断定vi. 诊断;判断)

to find out what is wrong with sb or sth, esp. what illness sb has, by examing them carefully

diagnose computer faults 查询电脑错误

diagnose sth as 诊断为

eg. The illness was diagnosed as mumps. 这种病被诊断为腮腺炎。

Relieve v.1)to make a pain, problem, unpleasant feeling less severe. 缓解; 减轻; 解除

relieve the pain缓解疼痛 relieve one's feelings发泄情绪 relieve one's mind使…安心

relieve oneself 去方便一下

eg. I went for a walk to relieve the boredom of the day. 我出去散散步以缓解一下一天的单调和乏味。

2) to replace sb解除 (使解除 (职务); 使免除 (职位) [正式] [usu passive] be relieved of)

relieve one's duty / relieve one's post

eg. President Nixon was relieved of his presidency due to Watergate scandal.

3) relieve sb of sth 使解脱; 使摆脱 relieves you of an unpleasant feeling or difficult task, they take it from you

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eg. Let me relieve you of your bag. eg. A thief relieved me of my purse.

relief n. 轻松,宽慰,解脱

(不快过后的)宽慰,轻松;解脱

(疼痛或苦痛的)解除,免除,减轻,缓解

(被困城镇等的)解困,解围

to one’s relief 使某人感到轻松的是 much to one's relief 使人感到安慰的是

in relief 轻松地

Release vt. N.

1、~ sb/sth (from sth) 释放;放出;放走(free)

2、松开 stop holding sth放开;松开;使自由移动

3、情感 feelings发泄;宣泄

4、make sth available to the public发布;发行 bring out come out publish

accountant n.会计

accounting n.会计学 chartered accountant 注册会计师;会计师;特许会计师 [ˈtʃɑːtəd] adj. 受特许的

auditor n.审计员 audit [ˈɔːdɪt] n&v 审计,查账

repetitive [rɪˈpetətɪv] a 重复的

repeat vt&vi 重复 n 重复,副本 ==repetition [ˌrepəˈtɪʃn] n. 重复;背诵;副本;重复性

repeatable 可重复的;可复验的

clerical [ˈklerɪkl] a 办公室工作的 (书记/写的,办事员的,办公室文书工作的 [ADJ n]) 只做定语

Clerical jobs, skills, and workers are concerned with routine work that is done in an office

苏维埃本是俄文совет(英文:soviet)的音译,意思是代表会议。(建立各级工人代表会议)

clerical work n. 行政工作 clerical error 写错;笔误;记录错误

Internet 国际交互网 (英特网,互联网)

Mobile Internet 移动互联网 ; 手机上网 wireless internet 无线互联网;无线上网;无线网际网路

on the internet 在网上 internet access 互联网接入 internet connection 网络连接,因特网联通

Network 网络 (1、(广播或电视) 网 2、(由许多人或机构组成的) 组织网络 3、网络系统(计算机)

4、(线路、道路、血管等的) 网状系统 5、建立关系网 [商业])

WWW : World Wide Web 万维网

WWW是基于客户机/服务器方式的信息发现技术和超文本技术的综合。WWW (World Wide Web,万维网)是存储在Internet计算机中、数量巨大的文档的集合。这些文档称为页面,它是一种超文本( Hypertext)信息,可以用于描述超媒体。文本、图形、视频、音频等多媒体,称为超媒体( Hypermedia)。Web上的信息是由彼此关联的文档组成的,而使其连接在一起的是超链接( Hyperlink) 计算机语言是1和0

Hyper- [ˈhaɪpə(r)] 表示“over, beyond, too."(超过,越过,过于。)

例如:"hyperacid" 酸度过多的 "hyperactive" 活动过度的

hypo- [ˈhaɪpəʊ] 表示"以下","轻度",

例如:"hypoacid" 酸度过少的 "hypothnic" 体力不足的

二、课文讲解

Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.

在这里notorious是中性的 有名(众所周知)的意思

现在分词做主语和不定式做主语的区别在于,现在分词表示一个抽象的行为的概念,而不定式是具体的

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Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th century, computers

would be as common in people's homes as TV sets?

Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s,… 表示过去没有实现的可能性

in the mid 1970s in the early 1970s in the late 1970s

In the 1970s 在70年代 in one’s 70s 某人70多岁的时候

for example作表同位关系的连接状语

that引导宾语从句有插入语时,that不可省略。

by the time的时态

从in the mid 1970s能看出来,基准时间是一般过去式,所以后文中用的是过去将来时

by the time意为“到…时候(为止)”,是一个介词短语,在句中经常起连词作用, 引导时间状语从句。

用过去完成时,表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”。

By the time he returned home,the rain had stopped.

By the time I got to the station,the train had already gone.

将来完成时,表示“截止到将来某一时间为止,主句动作将已经完成”。

By the time you get back,I shall have finished the work.

By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for 5 years.

如果主句动作不强调已经完成,只是说明某个时候的状况,(主句是be的系表形式 或者是表示像know,

find, believe等表示认知的持续性动词,则往往用一般时态,不用完成时态。)此时主句不用完成时,而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态,此时by the time相当于when。

He was out of breath by the time he reached the top.

By the time he went abroad, he was fourteen.出国那年他14岁。

As common as… as..as结构,和什么一样普遍

TV 电视,或者事物,概念TV is better than radio,甚至方式on TV。 TV set就是指电视机

In the 1970s, computers were common enough, but only in big business, government departments, and

large organizations.

通过but连接,Common enough和only in,有一个对比,同时in的介词短语做地点状语,only in

These were the so-called mainframe machines.

So called adj.所谓的, 号称的 做定语

Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing

full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.

Indeed adv.真正地, (加强语气)确实 根据位置的不同表达的语气不同

Were indeed very large仅强调large, were very large indeed则是对整个句子的强调。

Air-conditioner或者air-conditioning 空调

,employing…是现在分词短语,与run…过去分词短语是were的伴随状语。

其中employing是将mainframe computers视为非灵主语,所以用的主动的现在分词。

计算机语言:编程序,write,输入,写入,读取,读出,read

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CD-ROM n.光盘驱动器 Compact Disc Read-Only Memory 紧凑型光盘只读储存器

adj. 袖珍的;紧凑的;v紧密地装、连在一起; 压缩; 浓缩 disc 圆盘,唱盘 brake disc 刹车盘

CD-RW (Rewritable) 可擦写光盘 disc==disk

read 读取 write 写入 save 存储 drive 驱动 virus病毒

USB flash disk (UFD) USB闪存盘

Mobile Hard disk 移动硬盘

Netdisk 云盘,网盘

Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful

personal computers, commonly known as PCs.

Function n. 功能;[数] 函数;职责;盛大的集会vi. 运行/转;活动;行使职责

Malfunction

Disfunction

Take over 1、接管 (公司) [商业](收购) 2、(用武力) 接管 3、接替(工作,职位) 4、取代(具体事物)

many of their functions have given way to…

many of their functions have been replace by…为过去分词短语,作非限定性定语

eg. In these years, many brilliant records have been scored, indicating very rapid progress.

In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.

Altair : [ˈæltɛə] common name for herd-boy star 牛郎星

a primitive machine 原型机

Primitive [‘primitiv] adj.原始的, 远古的, 粗糙的, 简单的(primit+ive)

1)原始的 primitive man 原始人类 primitive culture 原始文化 primitive tools 原始工具

2) simple; roughly made简单的,粗糙的 primitive machine 简单机器

primeval [praɪ'miːv(ə)l] adj. very ancient 远古的,初期的 prehistoric 史前的(有历史以前)

primeval forests/virgin forests

virgin land crude oil 原油

prime adj. 主要的;最好的;基本的,基础的 adv. 极好地n. 初期;青年;精华;全盛时期

launch v.&n(都有及物动词和名词两个词性)

1) to put a boat or a ship into the water 使(新船)下水 (使(船)下水;使(新船)首次下水)

eg. The first atomic-powered submarine was launched in 1954.

2) to send a spacecraft into the sky 发射 (发射;把(航天器、武器等)发射上天)

to launch a man-made satellite to launch a space craft to launch a rocket to launch a missile

3) to start to do发起 (发起,发动(重大的组织活动、军事袭击等))

launch the new film 初次放映一部新片 launch a campaign发起…运动

launch a war发动战争 launch a school创办学校 launch a business创办企业

4)a company ~es a new product, it makes it available to the public. 推出 (新产品) (推出,发布(新产品))

eg. The government launched a program to build houses.

eg. Like many entrepreneurs launching township enterprises from scratches, he took advantage of idle assets to

strike rich.

It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future.

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副词properly用的非常好,“适当地;正确地;恰当地”,确切的说,严格的说 technically(speaking)

point the way

1) to show the direction that sth is in 指路;指方向;通向…

eg. A zigzag road pointed the way to the village一条弯弯曲曲的小路通向村庄

eg. A loaded gun was pointed to the deer.

2) to show how something could change or develop successfully指明了发展的方向

eg. Clone pointed the way for genetic research.克隆技术为基因研究指明了发展的方向。

This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple.

This was followed简单的单词,结合时间状语插入语,表述出生动的语意,或者高深的感觉。所谓文章,而非考试作文。

An apple一种被称为“苹果”的机型 an 一种,一类

In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer.

the computer giant 同位语

Giant [‘dʒaɪənt](n.巨人, 大力士 adj.庞大的, 巨大的)= gigantic [dʒaɪ’gæntɪk](adj.巨人般的, 巨大的)(只作定语,指比其他同类事物大的。)(有同类事物做比较的感觉,是同类事物中的巨人,所以捷安特居心叵测)

-- a giant person

enormous(重点突出数量、程度、体积)---强调程度时比big语气, 且更正式。(指尺寸或数量巨大的。)

-- We had an enormous lunch.

-- He made a big success. / He made an enormous success.

tremendous (= big、fast、powerful)[trə’mendəs]

1、巨大的;极大的 very great 同义词:huge 2、极好的;精彩的;了不起的 extremely good

-- The plane is travelling at tremendous speed.

Titanic(用于修饰人和物、体积大、力量大)

-- The ship is titanic.

Titan [‘taɪtn] N-C 巨子;巨人;成就非凡的人 真的指“人” titan+ic

Produced 生产出了

This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft.

run on

1)go on

eg. The lecture ran on until 11 o'clock eg. His cold ran on for a week.

2) to work or drive by sth 靠…运转 live on sb live by doing

eg. The air conditioner runs on very little electricity. eg. His mind ran on his own trouble.

operating system 工作程序,操作程序

produced过分分词做定语

a then small company named Microsoft 一个当时被称为微软的小公司(small也是定语)

The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied.

第 7 页

Copy 复制,模仿 paste 粘贴,拼接 n 浆糊

Widely 大范围,大规模地

Apple和Microsoft互相抄。乔布斯和盖茨打嘴仗

From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and

multimedia machines which are in common use today.

From介词短语做状语

humble = small, low

谦逊的 a modest scholar

humble (自谦语)指精神和行为上的谦逊。褒义指对自己或自己的成就不骄傲;贬义指过低地评价自己,对人低声下气。 谦逊的;谦卑的,卑微的;简陋的;(级别或地位)低下的;不大的

modest 含义广泛,指行为或态度等方面不自大、不虚荣、不傲慢、不武断和不自负。

beginnings 初级阶段

the early part or sings of sth that later develops and becomes bigger or more important

from small beginnings 从小规模开始

from humble beginnings 卑微的家庭出生

eg. From humble beginnings, the young man turned out to be very successful.

the beginnings of the socialism

注意中心语development。Of介词短语后面的都是对development进行的定语修饰

In common use: in use,普遍使用,普及,today,已普及

Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s,

an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today.

Considering how recent these developments are:

Considering独立主格结构。(另prep. 考虑到;就...而论conj. 考虑到v. 考虑到(ing形式))

有些惯用的分词短语在句子里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句。generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowly speaking, judging from/by, considering, supposing, providing,

provided等。如:

Talking of the computer, I like it very much. 谈到电脑,我非常喜欢。

Considering the time,we have decided to start early tomorrow morning. 考虑到时间

How recent是感叹句形式,而非疑问。整体做一个名词性成分。不要拆开看,considering的对象不是how

recent,而是整个句子。同样how recent这个感叹词比较高级,多么的近(时间上),how close较普通

主句比较长,整个that从句为主语从句

As long ago as 早在…时

Leon Bagrit 同位语

Be able to和can的区别

1、be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力,can强调自身已具有的能力

2、be able to强调结果,can强调可能性

3、be able to有各种时态,can只有一般现在和过去

4、can可以表示可能性,推测和允许,be able to没有这种用法

主要集中在过去时中,could 表示“能够”,was / were able to 表示“得以做成”,即后者的动作完成了,前者只是一种可能性。

第 8 页

Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world',

which people liked to believe in those days.

Bagrit dismissed the 根本不接受计算机可以学会自己去“思考”和….这种想法

dismiss v. to refuse to consider sb’s idea, opinions

1、解雇,辞退,开除(正式用语) 2、不予理会(not important to think about or consider);不再考虑(dimiss

sth from you mind) 3、准予…离去,获准离开(by someone in authority) 4、不受理(法律)

dismiss one’s idea根本不考虑(不接受)观念 dismiss one’s suggestion根本不考虑(不接受)建议

dismiss sb解雇某人 dismiss the class放学 dismiss the thoughts打消念头

Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be

capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes,

when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office

workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.

when computers would be…

过去将来时(除了将来以外,还表示能力,将会,将能够。结合两者,比can更好)

when they would be…

when they would be…

when they would …

a time 后连续出现四个when 从句均为time的定语从句。

Be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事 / capability of doing sth 做某事的能力

route 指从此处通往彼处的路线、路程等。

motorway n.快车道 (高速公路,新词,特指为车辆快速通行而修的专线,美语为freeway或expressway)

highway 通常指市区外可以通行各种机动车辆的交通干线。

avenue 在美国,指城市中一侧或两侧建筑物林立的大道或马路;而在英国则常指通住乡村大住宅、私人大庄园或两旁栽树的道路。

trail 指人或兽在森林、荒野或山中踩出的小径或崎岖小道。

street 尤指城市中的道路,往往一侧或两侧有高大建筑物;还可指城市小镇、近郊可供人、车、马行走的平坦道路。

path 多指由人或动物在田间、小丘或树丛中经常走动而踩出的小路,也指公园或花园等供人走的小径。

way 普通用词,含义广泛,可指各种路、道或通道,也可指抽象的道路。

road 指连接两地间供行人或车辆使用的广阔平坦的大道,多指公路,也可用于引申意义。

pavement 在英国,多指街道两旁的人行道,而美国人常用sidewlk表示人行道。

lane [leɪn] 指农村或城镇的小道或小径,车道(划线,行车,超车);航线;也指小巷、胡同

Relieve sb of 使解脱; 使摆脱 relieves you of an unpleasant feeling or difficult task, they take it from you

All these computer uses have become commonplace.

Commonplace n.平凡的事, 平常话 adj.平凡的(common+place)

n. 司空见惯的事,普通的东西;老生常谈 adj. 平凡的,普通的;平庸的,陈腐的

Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide

system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers

linked to telephone networks.

第 9 页

Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet,...

could not possibly have foreseen根本没有可能预测到

the worldwide system internet的同位语,然后that定从

linked过去分词短语做后置定语

Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so

we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to.

Nor不完全倒桩。 how引导的宾语从句

Information on 介词on相对于about表示具体的,获取有关任何已知专题的信息

Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper.

比较级+and+比较级 表示越来越

eg. He is getting fatter and fatter.

eg. We are worn out and going more and more slowly.

This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable.

particularly remarkable. 宾补

If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.

what to expect in the next fifty years 直接宾语

wh-接不定式,特殊的从句

复习点:

the end of

common as

enough

ment departments

followed by

the end of

ing system

in common use

s the idea that

those days

enough to

capable of

e of

课后答案:Lesson 51

1c 2b 3d 4b 5c 6a 7a 8a 9a 10b 11a 12a

2、reach vi. 达到;延伸;伸出手;传开vt. 达到;影响;抵达;伸出n. 范围;延伸;

5、从句的省略是当主语与主句主语相同或者是无意义的it时,该句的主语是it。

7、believe相信,仅是行为层面,believe in信仰,上升到精神层面,对象可以是人或者理念。

9、refute [rɪˈfjuːt] vt. 反驳,驳斥;驳倒

discharge 1、排出 [正式](废水)2、批准离开; 命令离开,语气重的解雇 3、履行 (职责或义务) [正式]

reject 1、拒绝; 不同意 2、摈弃 3、拒绝 (录用/取,爱情) 4、排斥 (移植的器官等)

refuse 拒绝,回绝,不肯,不愿

decline 谢绝,decline sth

第 10 页

object 不赞成,抗议,object to sb/sth

10、adequate If something is adequate, there is enough of it or it is good enough to be used or accepted.足够的

仅够满足,恰好满足,合理的、公平的或不苛刻的,在主观上并不一定是让人满足的,有时往往指满足一个最低或客观标准。包含了“公平、合理、适当”的意思,其并不单单指数量,更倾向于表示质量、标准或要求。如:adequate compensation 适当补偿

enough 和sufficient 在含义上几乎没有差异,指“充分的;足够的”,表示数量完全满足需要或期望。一般enough 比sufficient 使用更普遍。而在用法上,enough 后面既可以加可数名词也可以加不可数名词。如:enough people 足够人数;enough money 足够的金钱。而sufficient 后面一般只能加不可数名词。

但是在描述性质或者质量时,sufficiently更好一些。另enough放在形容词副词之后

Capably adv 能干地(能力,在某工作上很能干run the office capably) possibly 事物发生的可能性

11、take sth for granted 认为某事理所当然;想当然 grant 批准,准予 [正式],承认

unexceptionable 无懈可击的 [正式],无可非议的,完美无缺的

12、get in touch with和…联系 ; 同…取得联系

Contact 联络;主动的联系某人 make contact with 联系某人 be in contact with与…有联络

Convey [kənˈveɪ] 传达 指通过中间人传递信息,或以某种方式把人或物送到目的地。

第 11 页


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