学案4:Unit 6 第三课时

课

题

学总结一般过去时态被动语态

习目标

When was it invented ?

Section A 4a—4c

重运用一般过去时态的被动语态完成相应练习

点难点

学观察---总结---思考----运用—巩固练习

法指导

一、 导入（启发探究 3分钟）

SA: When was the car invented ? SB: It was invented in 1885.

SA: When were electric slippers invented? SB: They were invented last year.

SA : Who were they invented by? SB: They were invented by Julie Thompson.

SA: What were they used for? SB: They were used for seeing in the dark.

Thomas /tɔməs/ Watson /wɔtsən/托马斯 • 沃森 p.44Questions:

invention do you like best?

Why?______________________________________________

2. What invention do you hate a lot?______________________________________________

教 3. List as many of them as you can.______________________________________________

学 二、自学（自主探究 6分钟）

过 1、拼读、记忆单词

程 2、【新词自查】根据汉语提示完成单词。

（1）. The boy lost his parents during the last year’s earthquake (地震).

（2）. The students were asked to translate (翻译) the story into English.

（3）. The police found the lost boy under the destroyed house through an instrument (仪器)。

（4）. I only have some biscuits (饼干) and a glass of milk every morning.

（5）. If you can’t eat all these fruit , you may put some into your fridge (冰箱).

3、阅读一般过去时态的被动语态句子，感悟其结构、用法、句型变化。

(1). ---When was the zipper invented?---It was invented in 1893.

--拉链是什么时候发明的？--它是在1893年被发明的。

(2). ---Who was it invented by? ---It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.-

它是由谁发明的？--它是被惠特科姆.贾德森发明的。

(3). The fridge was sold at a low price. 这个冰箱被以低价卖掉了。

(4.) The students were told not to eat or drink in class. 学生们被告知在课堂上既不吃或喝任何东西。

三、交流（合作探究 10分钟）完成教材4a-4c的任务

1. 要求学生翻开课本P44，参照4a所提供的信息和例句，用被动语态改写句子.给出5分钟的时限，并请另4位同学在黑板上改写，全班集体核对答案。（5分钟）

2.用所给单词的正确形式完成4b句子。给出5分钟的时限，并请另个5位同学朗读句子，全班集体核对答案。

3. 先浏览4c的短文，确定空格处的动词是用主动形式还是被动形式，然后用动词的正确形式填空完成短文。给出5分钟的时限，并请1位同学朗读短文，全班集体核对答案。

4. 小结训练。要求学生在规定的时间内完成一个小练习。并请若干学生给出自己的答案。有错误的话及时解决纠正。（2分钟）

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. This instrument is used for playing (play) music in class.

2. How many magazines were borrowed (borrow) from the library today?

3. Edison was a great inventor. He had over 1.000 inventions in his life.(invent).

4.A picture was put (put) on the blackboard before class.

5. Plates and dishes weren’t washed (not wash) after supper yesterday.

四、总结（引深探究 15分钟）重点短语

1. at a low price 以一个很低的价格 2. take these photos 拍这些照片 3. go out alone 单

独外出

4. translate the book into different language 把书翻译成不同种的语言5. all of sudden突然

一般过去时的被动语态学习三要素

一、一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成

一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 动作执行者”构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。如：

This bridge was built in October last year. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。

These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。

The girl said she was often beaten by her brother. 女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。

二、一般过去时的被动语态句型的变换方法

一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，否定形式应在其后加not, 一般疑问句形式应将其提至句首，特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。如：

His computer was not stolen by thieves last night. 他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。

Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？

When was your letter written? The day before yesterday? 你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？

Why was this problem not worked out by you? 为什么你没有解出这道试题？

Your bike was not repaired last night, was it? 你的自行车昨晚没有被修理，是吗？

三、一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法

一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”; 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。如：

—Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？

—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。

—Were your rooms painted again last week? 你的房间上周重新粉刷了吗？

—Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. 是的，重新粉刷了。/ 不，没有重新粉刷。

—Your debt was paid off at last, wasn’t it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？

—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。

五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6分钟）

1.昨天有人看见他掉进河里了。

He to fall into the river yesterday.

2.什么时候发现新大陆的？

When the New Land ?

3.它们是用来在黑暗中照明的。

They are used for .

4.吉姆直到下午3点才回来。

Jim ________ ______ ______ ______ three o'clock in the afternoon.

5.黑人和英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。

Negroes and ________like to eat_________ and__________.