上海名校卷高三阅读长难句解析汇编--第6期(word版)

上海名校卷长难句汇编--第6期

2020-2021学年晋元中学高三上英语9月考试

1. I confess I hesitated when the editor in chief of The New York Times Magazine told me in late 2014 that I would be

editing a new front-of-book column called Letter of Recommendation, about stuff people really like.

【翻译】：我承认，当2014年底《纽约时报》主编告诉我，我将编辑一个名为《推荐书》的新专栏，编辑内容关于人们真正喜欢的东西时，我犹豫了。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：I confess I hesitated

枝干：I confess 后接省略了that的宾语从句；when…引导时间状语从句；told me in late 2014 that… 宾语从句；called可以看作是定语从句的省略which is，即过去分词作定语

句型：宾语从句；时间状语从句；过去分词作定语

词组：edit 编辑；hesitate 犹豫

2. Studying abroad is an area that is becoming increasingly interesting for researchers, as more students are choosing to

do a semester, a year or even a degree in another country.

【翻译】：随着越来越多的学生选择在另一个国家攻读一个学期、一年甚至一个学位，出国学习是对研究人员来说正变得越来越感兴趣的领域。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：Studying abroad is an area

枝干：an area that定语从句；as…引导时间状语从句，翻译成“随着…”；

句型：Studying abroad 现在分词作主语; 定语从句；时间状语从句

词组：study abroad 出国留学；do a semester 攻读一个学期

3. The researchers unexpectedly found that there were more soil bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes when they

were grown with the manure than when they were grown with synthetic nitrogen-based fertilize-even though the cows

were drug-free.

【翻译】：研究人员出乎意料地发现，用粪便种植的携带耐抗生素基因的土壤细菌比用合成的氮肥种植的还要多——尽管奶牛是无药物的。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：there were more soil bacteria carrying…when…than when…

枝干：The researchers unexpectedly found that宾语从句；carrying 现在分词作状语；when引导时间状语从句；than比较级；even though…让步状语从句

句型：宾语从句；现在分词作状语；时间状语从句；比较状语从句；让步状语从句

词组：be grown with… 用…种植的; drug-free 无药物的

4. Previous research had found that manure from pigs treated with antibiotics contains resistant bacteria, but the cow-pie

results suggest there are more factors promoting resistance besides antibiotic use.

【翻译】：先前的研究发现，用抗生素的猪的粪便中含有耐药性细菌，但牛派的结果表明，除了使用抗生素之外，还有更多促进耐药性的因素。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：manure contains resistant bacteria, but there are more factors

枝干：previous research had found that宾语从句；treated with antibiotics 过去分词作定语；promoting resistance 现在分词作状语

句型：宾语从句；过去分词作定语；现在分词

词组：treated with…用…的；factors 因素

2020-2021学年上师大附中高三上英语期中考试

1. To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their

arms and legs very slowly, so that the others can follow along.

【翻译】：为了习惯在不真正控制身体的情况下看到别人的身体，参与者开始慢慢地举起胳膊和腿，这样其他人就可以跟着走。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly

枝干：to get used to seeing… 不定式表示目的；without doing/by doing 介词短语；so that…引导结果状语从句

句型：不定式表示目的；介词短语；结果状语从句

词组：get used to doing 习惯于做某事；raise…举起…；follow 跟随

2. The idea is that once you put yourself in another's shoes, you're less likely to think ill of them because your brain has

internalized the feeling of being that person.

【翻译】：这个想法是，一旦你把自己放在别人的立场上，你就不太可能讨厌他们，因为你的大脑让他内化了成为那个人的感觉。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：you’re less likely to think ill of them

枝干：the idea is +that表语从句；once 表示“一旦”连接时间状语从句；because… 原因状语从句

句型：表语从句；时间状语从句；原因状语从句

词组：put yourself in another’s shoes 换位思考；internalize… 内化成…

3. Unhealthy health care bills, long emergency-room waits and inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the

surface of the problems that patients face daily.

【翻译】：不健康的医疗保健账单，长长的急诊室等待和不到初级保健医生，只是触及了病人每天面临的问题的表面。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：A，B and C just scratch the surface of the problems

枝干：to find a primary care physician 不定式作定语；that 引导定语从句

句型：不定式作定语；定语从句

词组：inability to…未能…；patients 病人

4. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U. S. medical students who choose primary care as a

career declined by 50%.

【翻译】：最近的数据显示，自1997年以来，那些选择初级保健作为职业生涯的新毕业的美国医科学生下降了50%。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：U.S. medical students declined by 50%

枝干：the recent numbers show+that宾语从句；who引导的定语从句；newly graduated 复合词

句型：宾语从句；定语从句；

词组：choose…as… 选择…作为…；decline by…下降了…

5. Make primary care more attractive food to medical students by forgiving students loans for those who choose primary

care as a career and harmonizing the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.

【翻译】：通过原谅给那些选择初级保健作为职业的学生贷款，并协调专家和初级保健医生工资之间的显著差异，使初级保健对医科学生更有吸引力的食物。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：make primary care more attractive food to medical students

枝干：by doing 介词短语；those who定语从句，and并列句

句型：介词短语；定语从句，并列句

词组：forgive 原谅；harmonize the marked difference协调显著的差异

2020-2021学年上师大附中高三下英语5月周测卷

1. That 1,442 kilometre journey, which he finished in June, took just over a month, during which an infected blister (水泡)swelled to the 'size of a tennis ball’.

【翻译】：他在6月完成的1442公里的旅程只花了一个多月，在此期间，一个被感染的水泡膨胀到“网球的大小”。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：that 1,442 kilometre journey took just over a month.

枝干：,which引导非限制性定语从句；during which…介词+关系词引导定语从句

句型：非限制性定语从句；“介词+关系代词”定语从句

词组：infected 受到感染的；swell to… 肿胀到…

2. After reaching Adelaide ,he made his way to Melbourne and from there to Sydney .A support team of seven people

trailed from all the way in a four-wheel drive vehicle, which included camping equipment for night shops.

【翻译】：到达阿德莱德后，他前往墨尔本，并从那里前往悉尼。一个由7人组成的支持小组乘坐一辆四轮驱动的车辆一路尾随，其中包括夜间商店的露营设备。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：he made his way to Melbourne and from there to Sydney，a support team trailed all the

way

枝干：after…引导时间状语从句；,which引导非限制性定语从句

句型：时间状语从句；非限制性定语从句

词组：make one’s way to… 前往…；include doing 包含做某事

3. The broad use of terra-cotta was such that workers in clay could generally afford to limit .themselves to either

decorated ware and housewares like cooking pots and storage jars or building materials.

【翻译】：赤陶土的广泛使用使得粘土工人通常可以限制要么装饰器皿和家庭用品，如烹饪罐、储物罐要么是建筑材料。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：The broad use of terra-cotta was…

枝干：such that…方式状语从句；either…or…选择疑问句“要么…要么…”

句型：方式状语从句；选择疑问句

词组：afford to… 可以承担的起…；limit oneself to… 把某人限制到…

4. The organization's researchers wrote algorithms (算法)that use signals from the collars to automatically detect when

an animal stops moving (indicating it may be dead), slows down (suggesting it may be injured) or heads toward a danger

zone, such as an area known for poaching.

【翻译】：该组织的研究人员编写了算法，使用项圈的信号自动检测当动物停止移动(表明它可能已经死亡)、减速(表明它可能受伤）或前往危险区域，比如被偷猎的区域。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：The organization’s researchers wrote algorithms

枝干：algorithms that定语从句；when…引导时间状语从句

句型：定语从句；时间状语从句

词组：signal 信号；detect 发现；head toward…朝…地方去

2020学年松江高级实验中学第一学期期中教学评估高三英语试卷

1.

In a case which has already cost the taxpayer

£1,000,000 the judge ruled that it was beyond the powers of the local

authority to add the chemical to the water in order to reduce tooth decay.

【翻译】：在一个已经花费了纳税人£100万美元的案件中，法官裁定，为了减少蛀牙，在水中添加化学物质超出了当地当局的权力。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：the judge ruled that it was beyond the powers of the local authorities to add the chemical

to the water

枝干：in a case where定语从句；in 为了

句型：定语从句；宾语从句；it作形式主语，不定时表示目的

词组：rule 判决；beyond the powers of sb. 超过某人的权力

2. It is argued that growth is good for biodiversity in the long run as there is an environmental Kuznets curve where

environmental conditions get worse in the early stages of modern economic growth, but improve once a growth level has

been reached.

【翻译】：有人认为，从长远来看，增长对生物多样性有利，因为存在一个在现代经济增长的早期阶段环境条件变得恶化的环境库兹内特曲线，但一旦达到增长水平就会改善。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：growth is good for biodiversity

枝干：it is it作形式主语；as...引导原因状语从句；关系副词引导一个定语从句

句型：形式主语；原因状语从句；定语从句

词组：economic growth 经济增长；reach a growth level 达到一个增长水平

3. This can be seen in the WWF annual Report, where species population trends are increasing by 7% in high-income

countries and declining in middle- and low-income countries by 31% and 60% respectively.

【翻译】：这一点可以在世界自然基金会的年度报告中看到，高收入国家的物种人口趋势增加了7%，中低收入国家分别下降了31%和60%。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：This can be seen in the WWF annual Report

枝干：where引导定语从句；high-income/middle-and low-income 复合词

句型：定语从句；复合词的使用

词组：species population trends 人口趋势增长；high-income 高收入

2021届上师大附中高三下英语周测卷

1. The wind caused by huge road trains, the lorries that thunder across the Outback, was so powerful that he was sometimes

blown off his board.

【翻译】：由巨大的公路火车和穿过内陆的卡车所引起的风，这个风是如此强大，有时被人从木板上吹下来。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：The wind was so powerful

枝干：后置定语，相当于定语从句which is ；so....结果状语从句

句型：后置定语；结果状语从句

词组：由...引起的；be 被吹走；

2. The journey has smashed the previous record for a long-distance skateboard, set by an American, Jack Smith, who

covered 4,800 kilometres across the US in 2003.

【翻译】：这段旅程打破了之前的长途滑板，由美国人杰克·史密斯创造的纪录，他在2003年在美国全程4800公里。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：The journey has smashed the previous record

枝干：set by 过去分词作后置定语；who引导定语从句

句型：后置定语；定语从句

词组：smash the record 打破记录；set up the record 创造记录；cover覆盖

3. Whether it was the potters or the vase-painters who initiated changes in firing is unclear; the functions of making and

decorating were usually divided between them, but neither group can have been so specialized that they did not share in the

concerns of the other.

【翻译】：不清楚是陶工还是在烧窑方面引领改变的花瓶画家；制作和装饰的功能通常是在他们之间划分的，但这两个体都不可能如此专业化，以至于他们不同意对方关心的问题。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：whether A or B is unclear; the functions were divided between them,

枝干：定语从句；can have been 情态动词+have done表示肯定的推测；so... 结果状语从句

句型：定语从句；情态动词have done；结果状语从句

词组：initiate change 引领改变；share 分享；speicalized 专业化

4. Unlike traditional tracking collars, many of which send geographical coordinates infrequently or store them onboard for

later retrieval, these devices' real-time feeds enable rangers to react quickly.

【翻译】：与传统的跟踪项圈不同，其中许多项不经常发送地理坐标或存储在船上以便以后检索，这些设备的实时饲料能让护林员快速做出反应。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：these devices’ real-time feeds enable rangers to react quickly

枝干：介词短语；many 引导定语从句

句型：介词短语；定语从句

词组：store 储存；enable sb. to do sth. 使得某人做某事

5. It also integrates a wealth of other information, including the positions of nearby rangers, vehicles and aircraft, as well as

detected gunshots, camera trap feeds, arrest and crime-scene records, weather, and more.

【翻译】：它还整合了大量的其他信息，包括附近护林员的位置、车辆和飞机，以及探测到的声、相机陷阱源、逮捕和犯罪现场记录、天气等等。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：it also integrates a wealth of other information

枝干：including现在分词作状语；as well as连词

句型：现在分词作状语；连词

词组：a 大量的...；detected 发现的

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年第二学期高三英语摸底考试试卷

1. By the time the fire was fully contained in the early hours of Tuesday, April 16, 2019, most of the cathedral’s ceiling,

as well as its wooden spire - which had proudly stood 93 meters above the roof for centuries - had collapsed.

【翻译】：2019年4月16日星期二凌晨，当火势被完全控制时，大教堂的大部分天花板和木制尖顶已经倒塌——它已经自豪地矗立在屋顶上高达93米几个世纪了

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：most of the cathedral’s ceiling had collapsed.

枝干：By the time… 时间状语从句；which 引导非限制性定语从句；as well as… 连词

句型：时间状语从句；非限制性定语从句；连词

词组：contain 控制；stand above 矗立于…；collapse 倒塌

2. The timetable was sped up not because mink had become more adorable, but because they can contract covid-19 and

spread it to humans.

【翻译】：时间表加快不是因为水貂变得更可爱，而是因为他们会感染covid-19并将其传播给人类。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：the timetable was sped up ,

枝干：and并列句；被动

句型：并列句，被动以及原因状语从句

词组：adorable 可爱的；contract 感染

3. Some members of parliament claim that the compensation paid for destroying the infected minks was higher than the

market price for their fur.

【翻译】：一些国会议员声称，破坏受感染貂支付的赔偿高于皮毛的市场价格。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：the compensation was higher than the market price

枝干：some members of parliment claim that宾语从句；比较级；后置定语；infected 过去分词作形容词修饰minks

句型：宾语从句；比较级；后置定语；过去分词作形容词

词组：支付；infected 受感染的

2020-2021学年控江中学高三上英语一次月考

1. Animals don't have the same social inhibitions（抑制；顾虑）as humans do, and this was certainly the case when Ri

took her dog, Ben, to the local dog park.

【翻译】：动物没有和人类有同样的社会抑制，李带着她的狗本去当地的狗公园时也是如此。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：animals don’t have the same social inhibitions

枝干：as引导方式状语从句；the case when定语从句

句型：方式状语从句；定语从句

词组：certainly 一定地；local当地的

2. Despite this "display of resilience" in the face of sea-level rise, the people of Tel Hreiz eventually left the village and,

over time, both the seawall and village were lost to sea

【翻译】：尽管面对海平面上升“表现出了韧性”，特尔赫雷兹的人们最终离开了村庄，随着时间的推移，海堤和村庄都消失了大海

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：the people of Tel Hreiz eventually left the village

枝干：despite介词短语；and并列句

句型：并列句

词组：be lost to sea 消失在大海；diplay of resilience 表现出了韧性

3. While the rate at the moment is considerably lower than what these Neolithic people were facing, it is expected that

many of the world's coastal towns and cities will be impacted in the next century.

【翻译】：虽然目前的发展速度远低于这些新石器时代的人们所面临的情况，但预计世界上许多沿海城镇将在下个世纪受到影响。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：many of the world’s coastal towns and cities will be impacted in the next century.

枝干：while引导让步状语从句；比较级；it is it作形式主语；what these Neolithic people

were facing宾语从句

句型：让步状语从句；比较级；形式主语；宾语从句

词组：consider考虑；be impacted 被影响

松江一中2020学年度第一学期期中考试卷高三英语

1. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler

of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion's courtyard.

【翻译】：一些是由著名艺术家创作的，包括19岁的米开朗基罗，他在1494年被意大利佛罗伦萨的统治者任命在他的院子里堆雪人。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：Some were created by famous artists

枝干：including现在分词作状语；who引导定语从句；to build不定式表示目的

句型：分词作状语；定语从句；不定式表示目的

词组：be 被...任命

2. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is

stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds.

【翻译】：4月的第三个星期一，当一个名叫“摊位”的棉花雪人挤满了，并且面包师和其他向人扔面包的商人游行时候，节日开始了。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off

枝干：on the third Monday of April 介词短语作时间状语；when引导时间状语从句；who引导定语从句；called作后置定语

句型：介词短语作时间状语；时间状语从句；定语从句；后置定语

词组：be kicked off开始；be 充满；parade 游行

3. Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look－and hence feel－happier, encouraging you to like what you see.

【翻译】：未来服装店的试衣间镜子可以巧妙地调整你的反射，让你看起来——并因此感觉更快乐，鼓励你喜欢你所看到的。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：mirrors could adjust your reflection

枝干：复合词fitting-room；to make you look 不定式表示目的；encouraging现在分词作状语; feel happier 比较级；

what you see 宾语从句

句型：复合词；不定式表示目的；现在分词作状语；比较级；what引导的宾语从句

词组：encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人去做某事；

4. Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers' emotional state would influence their

preferences.

【翻译】：吉田和他的同事们测试了操纵志愿者的情绪状态是否会影响他们的偏好。

【句子结构】整句话的主干是：sb.

枝干：引导宾语从句

句型：宾语从句

词组：test测试；emotional state 情绪状态；preference 偏好