美国文学史及选读-表格

American Literature

Age Writer Status Form & Style

Work

（“___”表重要性，“☆”表课本选文）

A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as

Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony

A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country

The General History of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer

Isles

Of Plymouth Plantation 《普利茅斯垦殖记》 (by William

Bradford)

The History of New England from 1630 to 1649《新英格兰历史：1630～1649》(by John Winthrop)

John Smith

(1580 -1631)

the first American writer

The Literature of

Colonial America

(17th century)

William Bradford

(1590-1657)

&

John Winthrop

(1588-1649)

John Cotton

(1585-1652)

&

Roger Williams

(1603-1683)

Anne Bradstreet

(1612-1672)

&

Edward Taylor

(1642-1729)

A Key into the Language of America (by Roger Williams)

one of the most interesting

of the early poets

//

the best of the Puritan poets

The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America(by Anne Bradstreet)

The Literature of Reason

and Revolution

(18th century)

Benjamin Franklin

本杰明·富兰克林

(1706-1790)

Thomas Paine

1

☆The Autobiography《富兰克林自传》

Poor Richard’s Almanac《穷理查年鉴》

☆The American Crisis《美国危机》

托马斯·潘恩

(1737-1809)

Thomas Jefferson

托马斯·杰斐逊

(1743-1826)

Philip Freneau

菲利普·弗伦诺

(1752-1832)

Common Sense《常识》

Rights of Men《人权论》

The Age of Reason《理性时代》

☆The Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》

poetry;

perhaps the most

The British Prison Ship《英国囚船》

a satirist and a sentimentalist,

outstanding writer of the

☆The Wild Honey Suckle《野生的金银花》

a humanitarian but also a

post-revolutionary period

☆The Indian Burying Ground《印第安人殡葬地》

bitter polemicist;

“Father of American Poetry”

☆To a Caty-Did

gothic mood

☆The Author’s Account of Himself

☆The Legend of Sleepy Hollow(included in Sketch Book)

Sketch Book 《见闻札记》(the first modern short stories and the

first great American juvenile literature)

A History of New York《纽约外史》

The Spy

The Pilot (the best of his sea romances)

The Leatherstocking Tales: (“the nearest approach yet to an

American epic”)

Washington Irving

华盛顿·欧文

(1783-1859)

The first great prose stylist of

American Romanticism

The Literature of

Romanticism

(19th century)

James Feninore

Cooper

詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏

(1789-1851)

novel;

He launched two kinds of

immensely popular stories: the

①The Deerslayer

best of his sea adventure tales,

②☆The Last of the Mohicans《最后一个莫希干人》

and the frontier saga.

③The Pathfinder

④The Pioneers

⑤The Prairie

poetry;

naturalism

William Cullen Bryant

威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特

(1794-1878)

Edgar Allan Poe

the first American to gain

the stature of a major poet

☆Thanatopsis《死亡随想》

☆To a Waterfowl《致水鸟》(perhaps the peak of his works)

poetry, novel, literary criticism

☆To Hellen

2

埃德加·爱伦·坡

(1809-1849)

☆The Raven

☆Annabel Lee

☆The Fall of the House of Usher《厄舍古屋的倒塌》

Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque

☆Nature

☆Self-reliance

Essays

Representative Men (one of his most important works)

English Traits (one of his most important works)

☆Walden《瓦尔登湖》

Ralph Waldo Emerson

拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生

(1803-1882)

Henry David Thoreau

亨利·戴维·梭罗

(1817-1862)

Nathaniel Hawthorne

纳撒尼尔·霍桑

(1804-1864)

Herman Melville

赫尔曼·梅尔维尔

(1819-1891)

Henry Wadsworth

Longfellow

亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗

(1807-1882)

The Literature of Realism

(19th century)

essay;

transcendentalism

essay;

transcendentalism

novel;

romanticism;

symbolism;

feminism

novel;

symbolism

19世纪前半期美国最伟大的小说家

☆The Scarlet Letter《红字》

The House of the Seven Gables

The Blithedale Romance

Mosses from an Old Manse

The Marble Faun

☆Moby-Dick《白鲸》

19世纪美国最伟大的小说家、散文家和诗人之一，与纳撒尼尔·霍桑齐名

19世纪美国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一

poetry;

romanticism

☆A Psalm of Life《人生礼赞》

☆The Slave’s Dream

☆My Lost Youth

☆The Song of Hiawatha

Walt Whitman

沃尔特·惠特曼

(1819-1892)

He devised the poetic style

which is now called free

verse

poetry;

free verse(poetry without a

fixed beat or regular rhyme

scheme)

3

☆Song of Myself

☆I Sit and Look Out

☆Beat! Beat! Drums!

Emily Dickinson

艾米莉·狄金森

(1830-1886)

poetry, half rhyme;

The poems are short, many of

them being based on a single

image or symbol.

Her works express a desire to

separate herself from the

world.

novel

☆I Taste a Liquor Never Brewed

☆I Felt a Funeral, in My Brain

☆A Bird Came down the Walk—

☆I Died for Beauty—But Was Scarce

☆I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died—

☆Because I Could Not Stop for Death—

Harriet Beecher Stowe

哈丽叶特·比切·斯托

(1811-1896)

☆Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Mark Twain

马克·吐温

（1835-1910）

novel;

He combined his writing with

public lecturing and foreign

traveling, becoming American

ambassador at large, and

acquiring an international

reputation as

humorist-frontier-philosopher.

novel;

Clear style and a keen

observation of details; write

about people in the poorer

walks of life and his works are

abounded in good-natured

humor.

Short stories, of local color

and with unexpected endings.

☆The Adventures of Tom Sawyer《汤姆索亚历险记》

Innocents Abroad

Roughing it《艰苦岁月/淘金岁月/苦行记》

The Gilded Age《镀金时代》（马克吐温的第一部长篇小说）

The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn《哈克贝利芬历险记》

Pudd’nhead Wilson

The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg

What Is Man?

The Mysterious Stranger

☆The Cop and the Anthem

The Four Million《四百万》

A Retrieved Reformation

The Gift of the Magi《麦琪的礼物》

A Municipal Report

An Unfinished Story

Phoebe

A Lickpenny Lover

The Furnished Room《带家具出租的房间》

O. Henry

欧·亨利

（1862-1910）

Henry James

亨利·詹姆斯

novel;

☆The Portrait of a Lady

He made major contributions Watch and Ward

4

(1843-1816) to the art of fiction itself,

helping to transform the novel

form its alliances with

journalism and romantic

storytelling into an art form of

penetrating analysis of

individuals confronting

society, chronicles of the

psychological perceptions that

James himself defined as the

highest form of experience.

Roderick Hudson

The American

Daisy Miller

The Bostonians

The Princess Casamassima

The Tragic Muse

The Wings of the Dove

The Ambassadors

The Golden Bowl

Jack London

杰克·伦敦

(1876-1916)

novel;

In London strips everything

down to the symbolic

starkness of dream, to a

primordial simplicity that has

The Call of the Wild《野性的呼唤》

the strange and compelling

The Son of the Wolf

power of ancient myth.

White Fang

The Law of Life

☆Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》

Nigger Jeff

Butcher Rogaum’ Daughter

Jannie Gerhardt

The Financier

The Titan

The “Genius”

An American Tragedy《美国悲剧》（德莱塞成就最高的作品）

☆A Virginal

☆The Sea Wolf《海狼》

☆Martin Eden

The People of the Abyss

The Iron Heel

The War of the Classes

Revolution

Theodore Dreiser

西奥多·德莱塞

(1871-1945)

Dreiser has been recognized

as a profound and prescient

critic of debased American

values and as a powerful

novelist.

novel

Ezra Pound

5

poetry;

埃兹拉·庞德

(1885-1972)

imagism;

A considerable number

contain lyrical passages of

genuine power; they are in

places supremely witty, and

many of their topical

references are shrewd and

valuable. But their complexity

renders them controversial.

☆Salutation the Second

☆A Pact

☆In a Station of the Metro

☆The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter

The Waste Land

Homage to Sextus Propertius

Personae《人物》

Huge Selwyn Mauberley

The Cantos

The Pisan Cantos《比萨诗章》

Section: Rock-Drill

Finnegan’s Wake

Edwin Arlington

Robinson

埃德温·阿林顿·罗宾逊

(1869-1935)

one of the most productive

of the new poets in the late

years of the 19th century

poetry;

realism

☆The House on the Hill

☆Richard Cory

☆Miniver Cheevy

Robert Frost

罗伯特·弗罗斯特

(1874-1963)

poetry;

romanticism;

He employed the plain speech

of rural New Englanders and

preferred the short, traditional

forms of lyrics and narrative.

His concern with nature

reflected deep moral

uncertainties, and his poetry,

for all its apparent simplicity,

often probes mysteries of

darkness and irrationality in

the bleak and chaotic

6

☆After Apple-Picking

☆The Road Not Taken《未选择的路》

☆Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening《雪夜林边小驻》

☆Departmental

☆Design

☆The Most of It

A Boy’s Will

North of Boston

Mountain Interval

New Hampshire

West-Running Brook

A Further Range

A Witness Tree

landscapes of an indifferent Steeple Bush

universe where men stand In the Clearing

alone, unaided and perplexed.

☆Chicago

☆The Harbor

☆Fog

☆Cool Tombs

poetry;

☆Flash Crimson

free verse;

☆The People, Yes

Sandburg’s language draws on

The American Songbag

the colorful diction of

The Chicago Race Riots

immigrants and the lingo of

Rootabaga Stories

urban dwellers.

Steichen the Photographer

Mary Lincoln

The Prairie Years

The War Years

☆Peter Quince at the Clavier

☆Anecdote of the Jar

☆The Emperor of Ice-Cream

Harmonium

Ideals of Order

The Men with the Blue Guitar

Parts of a World

Transport to Summer

The Auroras of Autumn

The Necessary Angel

Collected Poems

Opus Posthumous

☆The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock

☆Preludes

Carl Sandburg

桑德伯格

(1878-1967)

Wallace Stevens

华莱士·史蒂文斯

(1879-1955)

poetry;

imagism;

He adopted a variety of

experimental styles.

the problem of the

interrelation between the

ideal and the real

T. S. Eliot

(Thomas Stearns Eliot)

poetry, critics, drama;

imagism;

7

托马斯·斯特尔那斯·艾略特

(1888-1965)

The orchestration of related

☆Journey of the Magi

themes in successive

☆The Hollow Men

movements The Sacred Wood (essay)

The Waste Land《荒原》

Gerontion

Four Quartets《四个四重奏》

Burnt Norton

The Cocktail Party(drama)

The Confidential Clerk(drama)

The Elder Statesman(drama)

The Complete Poems

Plays

F. Scott Fitzgerald

弗朗西斯·斯科特·基·菲茨杰拉德

(1896-1940)

Ernest Hemingway

欧内斯特·海明威

(1899-1961)

novel

novel

☆The Great Gatsby《伟大的盖茨比》

Tender Is the Night

☆A Farewell to Arms《永别了，武器》

The Sun Also Rises《太阳照样升起》

Whom the Bell Tolls《丧钟为谁而鸣》

The Old Man and the Sea《老人与海》

☆The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》

Tortilla Flat《煎饼坪》

Of Mice and Men《人鼠之间》

The Long Valley

The Sea of Cortez

☆A Rose for Emily

William Faulkner

威廉·福克纳

(1897-1962)

John Steinbeck

约翰·斯坦贝克

(1902-1968)

novel

novel

The Sound and the Fury《喧哗与骚动》

As I Lay Dying《我弥留之际》

Sanctuary《圣殿》

Light in August《八月之光》

8

Absalom, Absalom!

The Hamlet《村子》

Go Down, Moses

A Fable

The Town

The Mansion

9