17-18世纪英国金属货币名称及换算单位小计


2023年12月26日发(作者:photophosphorylation)

17-18世纪英国金属货币名称及换算单位小计

现在一英镑被划分成100份,1/100镑是一便士,单数penny(1 penny),复数pence(2 pence),生活中一般就用P代替(1P, 5P, 20P)。

1971年以前,一英镑是被划分为240份, 主要货币单位是镑(pound),便士和先令(shilling),所以传统的货币系统又叫做£sd(£=pound, s=shilling, d=penny),或者L.S.D。

£sd最小的货币单位仍然是便士,但是1 pound = 240 pence,换句话说,当年的便士的面值和今天是不同的。先令和镑,便士的换算方式是:1 pound (£1) = 20 shillings (20s),1 shilling (1s) = 12

pence (12d)。至于前面提到的2/6实际上是2先令6便士的另一种写法,而5先令整也可以写成5/-。如果再加上镑,比如2镑14先令5便士,可以写成£2 14s 5d,或者2/14/5,看上去有点像日期。

金币:

皇家玫瑰 Rose noble ,1皇家玫瑰=2英镑=40先令 。

Rose noble (ryal) = 10/- = £0.5, = 15/- = £0.75 from 1553, (1464–1470, 1487, 1553–1603); Rose ryal = 30/- = £1.5 (1604–1625);

Spur ryal = 15/- = £0.75 (1604–1625)

君主Sovereign,1君主=1.5英镑=30先令。这以下似乎都是镑或镑的另一种说法。

Half sovereign = 10/- = £0.5 (1544–1553; 1603–1604; 1817–1937)

Sovereign =20/- = £1 (1489–1604; 1817–1937)

几尼Guinea,最初是用几内亚的黄金铸造的,因此得名。又称畿尼。几尼。这个经常看到的。一几尼等于二十一先令,比英镑面值还大一点,是刻有乔治像的半克朗

Quarter guinea = 5/3 = £0.2625 (1718, 1762)

Third guinea = 7/- = £0.35 (1797–1813)

Half guinea = 10/6 = £0.525 (1669–1813)

Guinea = 21/- = £1.05 (1663–1799, 1813)

Two guineas / double guinea: originally = 40/- = £2, later =

42/- £2.1 (1664–1753)

Five guineas: originally = 100/- = £5, later = 105/- = £5.25

(1668–1753)

银币:

英镑 Pound Sovereign,1英镑=20先令,最初一英镑等于一磅白银,因此得名,但是只是征税用的货币单位,因此没有具体货币。后来才铸造金币。Pound。Two pounds = 40/- = £2 (1823–1937)。 Five pounds = 100/- = £5 (1826–1990) 金币。一英镑硬币,2002年现时的英镑又叫“英镑”,一英镑等于100新便士(New Pence)。所有硬币正面皆为英国君主像,背面除铸有币值外,在不同行政区所铸的硬币铸有不同的图案。但不论硬币于那个行政区铸造,皆全国通用。英国纸币分为1镑(于1988年停止流通),5镑,10镑,20镑和50镑,所有币值的纸币正面皆印有英国君主像,编号及币值,不同币值的纸币,背面则印有不同的英国名人像。

半镑 Half Sovereign,等于0.5英镑或10先令

Half pound = 10/- = £0.5 (1559–1602; 1642–1644)

两克郎 Double Crown,等于0.5英镑或10先令,又名Angel。 Angel,也是中世纪货币。

Quarter angel = 2/- = £0.1 (1547–1600) 金币。

Half angel = 3/4 = £0.1667 later = 5/6 = £0.275 (1470–1619)

Angel = 6/8 = £0.3333 (1461–1643)

克郎Crown ,1克郎=5先令。也是巨老一货币。

Half crown = 2/6 = £0.125 (1526–1969)

Crown of the rose = 4/6 = £0.225 (1526–1551)

Crown = 5/- = £0.25 (1526–1965)

Double crown = 10/- = £0.5 (1604–1619; 1625–1662)

弗罗林Florin ,1弗罗林=2先令。这种货币分为两个系统,一个是中世纪florin,half florin, 和quarter florin,这三种是金币,原本还用于欧洲大陆的交易;另一个是后来的维多利亚florin和double florin。这两个系统的florin面值不同。不过中世纪那一套用了一年就没在用了,据说因为含金量不达标,欧洲的商人不收。

Quarter florin (helm) = 1/6 = £0.075 (1344)

Florin (two shillings) = 2/- = £0.1 (1848–1970)

Half florin (leopard) = 3/- = £0.15 (1344)

Double florin =4/- = £0.2 (1887–1890) 银币。

Florin (double leopard) = 6/- = £0.3 (1344)

先令Shilling,1先令=20便士。先令(Shilling),符号(/-),是英国的旧辅币单位。先令是一种金币,起源非常早,可以追溯到罗马帝国时代的苏勒德斯币,便士(pence)是小额银币,在中世纪,它的名字第纳尔、德涅尔或许更为人熟知。英国最早使用先令。一英镑等于20先令。1971年英国货币改革时被废除。与之相关的硬币面值有:

Shilling = 1/- = £0.05 (1502–1970)

Two shillings = 2/- = £0.1] (1848–1970)

Fifty shillings = 50/- = £2.5 (1656)

四便士Groat。1 groat = 4d,与之相关的硬币面值有:

Half groat = 2d = £0.0083] (1351–1662)

Groat = 4d = £0.0167 (silver 1279–1662, 1836–1862)

侏儒Dandyprat 等于2便士

铜币:

便士Penny,与之相关的硬币面值有:

Halfpenny = 1/2 d = £0.0021 (1272–1969)

One penny = 1d = £0.0042 (757–1970)

Three halfpence = 1½d = £0.0063 (1561–1582, 1834–1870)

Twopence = 2d = £0.0083 (silver 1668–current; copper 1797–1798)

Threepence = 3d = £0.0125 (silver 1547–1945; nickel-brass

1937–1970)

Sixpence = 6d = £0.025 (1547–1970)

Gold penny = 1/8 [£0.0833] to 2/- [£0.1] (1257–1265) 纯金的。稀有。现如今很值钱。

半便士Hapenny,等于1/2便士。

1/4便士Farthing 。1 farthing = 0.25 penny,这个拼法的来源是英文“fourth part”,意为便士的四分之一。曾出现过的与之相关的硬币面值有:

Quarter farthing = 1/16 d = £0.00026 (1839–1868)

Third farthing = 1/12 d = £0.0003472 (1827–1913)

Half farthing = 1/8 d = £0.00052083 (1828–1868)

Farthing = 1/4 d = £0.00104167 (1200–1960)

Three farthings = 3/4 d =£0.0031 (1561–1582)

这些都是维多利亚时代的货币或面值,这个时期称为Pre-decimal,也就是1英镑=240d的时期。自从1英镑被划分为100份之后(1英镑=100p),英国货币就进入了decimal时期。现在的硬币系统要简单的多,我们只有pound和penny。

【转】古老的英国货币制度

现在一英镑被划分成100份,1/100镑是一便士,单数penny(1

penny),复数pence(2 pence),生活中一般就用P代替(1P, 5P,

2008-11-12

16:41/logs/

20P)。1971年以前,一英镑是被划分为240份, 主要货币单位是镑(pound),便士和先令(shilling),所以传统的货币系统又叫做£sd(£=pound, s=shilling, d=penny),或者L.S.D。其中最小的货币单位仍然是便士,但是1 pound = 240 pence,换句话说,当年的便士的面值和今天是不同的。先令和镑,便士的换算方式是:1

pound (£1) = 20 shillings (20s),1 shilling (1s) = 12 pence (12d)。至于前面提到的2/6实际上是2先令6便士的另一种写法,而5先令整也可以写成5/-。如果再加上镑,比如2镑14先令5便士,可以写成£2 14s 5d,或者2/14/5,看上去有点像日期。

£sd是货币系统的主要组成部分,但是在谈到不同面值的硬币的时候还会冒出来一些奇怪的名称。 不过如果搞清了£sd的规则,把其他的也搞清就不是那么困难了。

Farthing。1 farthing = 0.25 penny,这个拼法的来源是英文“fourth part”,意为便士的四分之一。曾出现过的与之相关的硬币面值有:

Quarter farthing = 1/16 d = £0.00026 (1839–1868)

Third farthing = 1/12 d = £0.0003472 (1827–1913)

Half farthing = 1/8 d = £0.00052083 (1828–1868)

Farthing = 1/4 d = £0.00104167 (1200–1960)

Three farthings = 3/4 d =£0.0031 (1561–1582)

Penny。刚才说过了,与之相关的硬币面值有:

Halfpenny = 1/2 d = £0.0021 (1272–1969)

One penny = 1d = £0.0042 (757–1970)

Three halfpence = 1½d = £0.0063 (1561–1582, 1834–1870)

Twopence = 2d = £0.0083 (silver 1668–current; copper 1797–1798)

Threepence = 3d = £0.0125 (silver 1547–1945; nickel-brass

1937–1970)

Sixpence = 6d = £0.025 (1547–1970)

Gold penny = 1/8 [£0.0833] to 2/- [£0.1] (1257–1265) 纯金的。稀有。现如今很值钱。

Groat。1 groat = 4d,与之相关的硬币面值有:

Half groat = 2d = £0.0083] (1351–1662)

Groat = 4d = £0.0167 (silver 1279–1662, 1836–1862)

Shilling。刚才说过了,与之相关的硬币面值有:

Shilling = 1/- = £0.05 (1502–1970)

Two shillings = 2/- = £0.1] (1848–1970)

Fifty shillings = 50/- = £2.5 (1656)

Florin。这种货币分为两个系统,一个是中世纪florin,half

florin, 和quarter florin,这三种是金币,原本还用于欧洲大陆的交易;另一个是后来的维多利亚florin和double florin。这两个系统的florin面值不同。不过中世纪那一套用了一年就没在用了,据说因为含金量不达标,欧洲的商人不收(囧)。

Quarter florin (helm) = 1/6 = £0.075 (1344)

Florin (two shillings) = 2/- = £0.1 (1848–1970)

Half florin (leopard) = 3/- = £0.15 (1344)

Double florin =4/- = £0.2 (1887–1890) 银币。

Florin (double leopard) = 6/- = £0.3 (1344)

Noble。这种货币最早等于6先令8便士,后来还升值了,变成8先令4便士。

Quarter noble = 1/8 = £0.0833 (1344–1470)

Half noble = 3/4 = £0.1667, raised = 4/2 = £0.2083 (1464) 铸造于(1346-1438)

Noble = 6/8 = £0.3333, raised = 8/4 = £0.4167 (1464), (1344–1464)

Rose noble (ryal) = 10/- = £0.5, = 15/- = £0.75 from 1553,

(1464–1470, 1487, 1553–1603);

Rose ryal = 30/- = £1.5 (1604–1625);

Spur ryal = 15/- = £0.75 (1604–1625)

Angel。也是中世纪货币。

Quarter angel = 2/- = £0.1 (1547–1600) 金币。

Half angel = 3/4 = £0.1667 later = 5/6 = £0.275 (1470–1619)

Angel = 6/8 = £0.3333 (1461–1643)

Crown。也是巨老一货币。

Half crown = 2/6 = £0.125 (1526–1969) 那时候一本企鹅小说就这个价。

Crown of the rose = 4/6 = £0.225 (1526–1551)

Crown = 5/- = £0.25 (1526–1965)

Double crown = 10/- = £0.5 (1604–1619; 1625–1662)

Guinea。来了,几尼。这个经常看到的。一几尼等于二十一先令,比英镑面值还大一点,怪吧?

Quarter guinea = 5/3 = £0.2625 (1718, 1762)

Third guinea = 7/- = £0.35 (1797–1813)

Half guinea = 10/6 = £0.525 (1669–1813)

Guinea = 21/- = £1.05 (1663–1799, 1813)

Two guineas / double guinea: originally = 40/- = £2, later =

42/- £2.1 (1664–1753)

Five guineas: originally = 100/- = £5, later = 105/- = £5.25

(1668–1753)

Mark。都铎年代的货币。

Half mark = 6/8 = £0.333

Mark = 13/4 = £0.667

Sovereign。这以下似乎都是镑或镑的另一种说法。

Half sovereign = 10/- = £0.5 (1544–1553; 1603–1604; 1817–1937)

Sovereign =20/- = £1 (1489–1604; 1817–1937)

Pound。

Halfpound = 10/- = £0.5 (1559–1602; 1642–1644)

Two pounds = 40/- = £2 (1823–1937)

Five pounds = 100/- = £5 (1826–1990) 金币。

Laurel。

Half laurel = 10/- = £0.5 (1619–1625)

Laurel = 20/- = £1 (1619–1644)

Unite。

Half unite = 10/- = £0.5 (1642–1643)

Unite = 20/- = £1 (1604–1619; 1649–1662)

Triple unite = 60/- = £3 (1642–1644)

最后是两个比较特殊的。

Carolus = 20/- = £1, later = 23/- =1.15 (查理一世统治时期)

Broad = 20/- = £1 (1656)

这些都是1971年之前的货币或面值,这个时期称为Pre-decimal,也就是1英镑=240d的时期。自从1英镑被划分为100份之后(1英镑=100p),英国货币就进入了decimal时期。现在的硬币系统要简

单的多,我们只有pound和penny。


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