(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案

（完整版）英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案

试题二

第一部分选择题

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative

answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement

and put the letter in the bracket（30％）

1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example

A. lewd → ignoran t

B. silly → foolish

C. last → pleasure

D. knave → boy

2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for

desired effects of:

A. humour

B. sarcasm

C. ridicule

D. all the above

3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____.

A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation

B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation

C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation

D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation

4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it

is rhetorically called _____.

A. synecdoche

B. metonymy

C. substitution

D. metaphor

5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____.

A. adjectives

B. attributes

C. modifiers

D. words

6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used.

A. vocabulary

B. grammar

C. semantic pattern

D. syntactic structure

7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high,

full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is

known as _____ .

A. addition

B. replacement

C. position-shifting

D. variation

8. The word "laconic" is _____.

A. onomatopoeically motivated

B. morphologically motivated

C. semantically motivated

D. etymologically motivated

9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____.

A. clear grammar codes

B. language notes

C. usage notes

D. extra columns

of the following words is NOT formed through

clipping?

A. Dorm

B. motel

C. Gent

D. Zoo

English has a vocabulary of about _____ words.

A. 30,000 to 40,000

B. 50,000 to 60,000

C. 70,000 to 80,000

D. 80,000 to 90,000

12. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be

used as separate words.

A. Roots

B. Stems

C. Affixes

D. Compounds

13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as

2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period.

A. Dutch origin

B. Danish origin

C. Latin origin

D. Greek origin

14. A word is a symbol that _____ .

A. is used by the same speech community

B. represents something else in the world

C. is both simple and complex in nature

different ideas in different sounds

words in the basic word stock are said to be stable

because they _____.

A. are complex words.

B. are technical words

C. refer to the commonest things in life.

D. denote the most important concepts.

第二部分非选择题

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or

expressions according to the course book（10％）

16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is

used in different meanings including affective meaning.

17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.

18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.

19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is

called _____.

20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and

stability, but have limited _____.

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those

in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types

of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms

（10％）

A B

21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish

22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl

23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated

24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state

25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond

26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated

27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)

28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)

29. extension ( ) I. part of speech

30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)

IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word

formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of

idioms.（10％）

31. heart and soul ( )

32. father—male parent ( )

33. mother—female parent ( )

34. city-bred ( )

35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )

36. headache ( )

37. antecedent ( )

38. preview ( )

39. receive ( )

40. called ( )

V. Define the following terms（10％）

41. specialized dictionary

42. collocative meaning

43. transfer

44. morpheme

45. old English

VI. Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be

clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12％）

's the fundamental difference between radiation and

concatenation? Illustrate your points.

47. What is dismembering?

48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to

illustrate your point.

VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your

answers in the space given below.（18％）

49. The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.

Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the

theory of motivation.

50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to

the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain

why and then improve the sentence.(100 words)

The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.

参考答案

第一部分选择题

I．Each of the statements below is followed by four

alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete

the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)

1. B

2. D

3. A

4. B

5. A

6. D

7. B

8. D

9. D

10. B

11. B

12. C

13. A

14. B

15. C

第二部分非选择题

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or

expressions according to the course book. (10%)

16. stylistic

ngual

ic opposition

19. degradation 或pejoration

tivity and collocability

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those

in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types

of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)

21. I

22. C

23. F

24. B

25. E

26. D

27. J

28. G

29. H

30. A

IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)

types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word

formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of

idioms.(10%)

31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature

32. conceptual meaning

33. conceptual meaning

34. n+v-ed

35. backformation

36. n+v

37. bound root

38. prefix

39. bound root

40. inflectional affix/morpheme

V. Define the following terms.(10%)

41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which

concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning

suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion.

(内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later

changed to mean something else have experienced the process

of semantic transfer.

44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.

45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.

VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be

clear and short. Write your answers in the space given

below.(12%)

46. 要点：Radiation Concatenation

i) primary meaning i) first sense

ii）次要意义由主要意义辐射ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接

iii）名词语义互不依赖iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象

47. 要点：

（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）

（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）

（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）

注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）

48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word

acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the

word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in

discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share the

conceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by

the range of nouns they collocate with:

pretty handsome

VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your

answers in the space given below. (18%)

49. 答案要点

1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the

linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2分）2）Semantic

motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains

the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of

the word.(3分)

3）In this sentence, 'pen' reminds one of the tool to write

with, thus suggesting writing; 'sword' reminds one of the weapon

to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)

50.要点：

（1）it is ambiguous（2分）

（2）ambiguity caused by the structure（2分）

（3）stop drinking can be understood as

1）police stop drinking by themselves (1分)

2）police stop people drinking (1分)

（4）improvement（3分）

1）The police were ordered to stop people drinking about

midnight.

2）The police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves

about midnight.