英语农业类名词

agricultural and sideline products 农副产品

agricultural commodities 农产品

agro-food systems 农业粮食系统

air stripping 空气清除

an agribusiness specialist 农业企业的专家

aquaculture farming system 水产养殖系统

artificial diet 加工的食物

biological agents 生物因子

biological control 生物控制

breeding cycle 生殖周期

capture-based aquaculture 基于捕捞的水产养殖

cereal importers 人物进口国

chemical contaminants 化学污染物

chemical herbicides 化学除草剂

chromosomal manipulation 染体控制

chronic hunger 长期饥饿

circulation period 循环期

coastal plain 滨海平原

confined aquifer 被限制的含水层

conservation agriculture 保护性农业

control diet 对照食物

control of foot-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫防治

counter-season vegetables 反季节蔬菜

cover crops 覆盖作物

crop and livestock productivity 作物和家畜的生产率

crop failures 作物歉收

crop residues 作物秸秆

crop rotation 作物轮种

crossbreeding 杂交育种

deforestation rate 森林砍伐速度

degradation and overexploitation of natural resources 自然资源的退化和过度开发

depleted and overexploited areas 已经枯竭和过度开发地区

developmental stage 发育阶段

diagnostic reagent 诊断试剂

direct seeding 直接播种

disease and pest problems 病虫害

diversified food production 多样化粮食生产

double cropping 两季作物

drainage basin 排水盆地（阵雨形成的地表径流和地下水流具有共同出口的区域）

drainage canal 排放沟渠

dung water 粪水

early reaction to food crises 粮食危机早期反应

emergency food assistance 紧急粮食援助

extension systems 推广系统

farming techniques 耕作技术

farm power constraints 农机等制约因素

farm subsidy 农产品补贴

fodder crops 饲料作物

food chain 食物链

food crisis and implementation of the Comprehensive Framework for

Action 粮食危机和综合行动框架的实施

Food Price Index 粮食价格指数

food processing, preservation and storage technologies 粮食加工、保存和储藏技术

food quality and safety 食品质量与安全

food security 食品安全

forest coverage 森林覆盖

genetic resources for food and agriculture 粮食农业遗传资源

green manure crops 绿肥作物

input technologies 投入技术

integrated pest management practices 病虫害综合治理方法

land degradation 土地退化

land reclamation 开垦荒地

low-cost technologies 低成本技术

major grain exporters 主要粮食出口国

market instability 市场不稳定性

mechanical tillage 机械松土

mixed-farming systems 混合耕作制度

mutation breeding 突变繁殖

New Stone Age 新古器时代

Non-agricultural purposes 非农用途

organic agriculture 生态农业

organic farming 有机耕作

persistent drought 持续干旱

pollution-free vegetables 无公害蔬菜

post-harvest food losses 收获后和销售信息

primitive society 原始社会

residues of antibiotics 抗生素残留

rural households and communities 农户和社区

slaughter animals 宰杀家畜

small-scale agro-processing 小规模农产品加工

small-scale farmers 小农

soil biota 土壤生物

soil consistency 土壤坚固性

soil erosion 土壤侵蚀

soil improvement 土壤改良

soil micro-organisms 土壤微生物

soil nutrient balancing 土壤养分平衡

subsidize food 补贴粮食

subsistence farmers 生计农民

sustainable aquaculture 可持续水产养殖

sustainable food security policies 可持续食品安全政策

sustainable intensification of rained agriculture 雨育农业的可持续集约化

terrestrial and marine ecosystems 陆地和海洋生态系统

the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 国际农业发展基金会

the World Food Program (WFP) 世界粮食计划署

tidal day 潮汐日

tillage function 松土功能

transfer and use of technologies 转让和使用技术

undernourished people 营养不良的人

waterborne disease 水源的疾病

water carrying capacity of a canal 渠道输水能力

weed control 控制杂草

zero or minimum tillage 零耕或少耕

Eroding purchasing power through a combination of falling incomes

and real exchange rates afflicts the affordability of food, however

cheap it has become on the international marketplace.

尽管国际市场的粮食那么便宜，收入不断减少和汇率下降影响了人们购买粮食的能力。

The problems of hunger and food insecurity have global dimensions

and even increase dramatically in some regions.

饥饿和粮食不安全问题波及全球，在一些地区甚至更加严重。

We need to take urgent action to combat pests, drought, and natural

resource degradation.

我们需要采取紧急行动，与病虫害、干旱以及延期资源退化作斗争。

Poverty, hunger and malnutrition are some of the principal causes of

accelerated migration from rural to urban areas in developing

countries.

贫困、饥饿和营养不良是发展中国家农村人口加速流入城市的一些主要原因。

Progress should include targeting on minimizing the vulnerability to,

and impact of, climate fluctuations and pests and diseases.

应该在尽量减少气候波动和病虫害的危害及影响方面取得进展。

Natural and man-made disasters can often be anticipated or even

prevented, and response must be timely and effective to assist

recovery.

自然灾害和人为灾害往往可以预测，甚至可以预防，必须做出及时，有效的反应并为恢复提供援助。

Food prices remained high in many developing countries, and access

to food by the poor also continued to be threatened by loss of

employment, income and other effects of the global economic crisis.

在许多发展中国家，粮价依然居高不下，而就业机会和收入的丧失，以及全球经济危机造成的其他影响则继续威胁着穷人的粮食供应。

The bumper crop had facilitated replenishment of global reserves to

pre-crisis levels.

粮食丰收使全球库存得到补充，使其恢复到危机前的水平。

Investing in agriculture is the key to reducing hunger and poverty.

投资农业是减少饥饿和贫困的关键。

The increase in hunger is not the consequence of poor global harvests

but is caused by the world economic crisis.

饥饿人口的增加并非是全球粮食歉收的后果，而是由世界经济危机所导致。

The present situation of world food insecurity cannot leave us

indifferent.

我们不能对当前世界粮食不安全的形势无动于衷。

Investment in agriculture must be increased because for the majority

of poor countries a healthy agricultural sector is essential to

overcome poverty and hunger and is a prerequisite for overall

economic growth.

必须增加对农业的投资，因为对多数穷国来说，健康的农业部门对于战胜贫困和饥饿至关重要，是总体经济发展的先决条件。

To reduce the number of hungry people in the world, governments,

supported by the international community, need to protect core

investments in agriculture.

若要减少全球饥民人数，各国政府需要在国际社会的支持下，保护对农业的核心投资。

A bumper cereal crop is expected this year.

预计今年谷物将获得丰收。

High food prices added to the difficulties of the global poverty

reduction efforts and affected regional stability.

高粮价加大了全球减贫压力，影响了地区稳定。

保护耕地 protect arable land

病虫害防治 pest and disease control

播种面积 sown area

“菜篮子”工程 the Vegetable Basket Project

餐饮业 catering trade

产业化扶贫 reduce poverty through industrial development

城乡低保 urban and rural recipients of subsistence allowances

单位面积产量 yield per unit area

滴灌 drip irrigation

动植物检疫 animal and plant quarantine

扶贫 poverty alleviation/anti-poverty effort

扶贫政策 poverty relief policy

复种 multiple cropping

副产品 by-products

副业 sideline production

耕地保护制度 system for protecting arable land

耕作设施 farming equipment

灌溉面积 irrigated area

国家收购粮 grain purchased by the state

旱地 arid/non-irrigated land

洪涝灾害 flood and waterlogging

集体林权制度改革 reform of the system of collective forest rights

集约/粗放型农业

加强农产品市场调控 strengthen regulation of the farm products

market

减免农业税 reduce and exempt the agricultural tax

减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants

建设高标准农田 develop farm plots that meet high standards

节约用地制度 system for economizing on the use of land

经济作物 cash crops

开垦荒地 reclaim wasteland

抗病/虫/旱性 disease-/pest-/drought-resistant

科教兴农 invigorate agriculture by relying on science and education

联合国粮食与农业组织 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization

(FAO)

良种补贴 subsidies for superior crop varieties

粮食产业建设项目 projects for industrializing grain production

粮食储备 grain reserves

粮食品种 grain varieties

粮食直补 direct subsidies to grain producers

粮食综合生产能力 overall grain production capacity

粮食最低收购价 minimum grain purchasing prices

粮食作物 cereal crops

绿革命 Green Revolution

绿证书 green certificate

苗圃 seedling nursery

民工潮 farmer’s frenzied hunt for work in cities

内陆水域 inland waters

农产品精深加工和销售 intensive processing and sale of

agricultural products

农产品质量监管 monitor the quality of agricultural products

农村公益事业性建设项目 rural public facilities

农村集市 rural fair

农村居民人均纯收入 rural per capita net income

农村民生工程 projects designed to improve the lives of rural

residents

农村综合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas

农机具购置补贴 subsidies for the purchase of agricultural

machinery and tools农林牧副渔全面发展 all-round development

of/in farming, forestry, animal, sideline production and fishery

农贸市场 farm produce market

农民的积极性 farmers’ enthusiasm

农民工 rural migrant workers

农民专业合作社 specialized farmer cooperatives

农田水利化 bring land under irrigation

农田水利建设 construction of water conservancy works

农业基础设施 agricultural infrastructure

农业科技创新成果推广 expand application of innovations in

agricultural science and technology

农业科技投入 spend on agricultural science and technology

农用物资 farm inputs

农资综合补贴 general subsidies for agricultural production supplies

喷灌 sprinkler irrigation

人均占有量 per capita availability

“三农” agriculture, rural areas and farmers

社会主义新农村 Socialist New Country side

收购价 purchasing price

薯类作物 tuber crops

水产业 aquatic products industry; fishery

水稻田 paddy field

水利设施 water conservancy facilities

水土保持 water and soil conservation

太空育种 space breeding

糖料作物 sugar-bearing crops

特现代农业 modern agriculture with distinctive local features

梯田 terraced field

土地承包经营权流转 transfer of land use rights

土壤肥力 soil fertility

脱贫 shake off poverty

温饱型企业 subsistence agriculture

沃地 fertile land

消费信贷 consumer credit

小城镇建设 development of small towns

小额信贷 microcredit; microloan; microlending

兴修水利 undertake water conservancy projects

畜牧业 animal husbandry

遗传学研究 genetic research

议价粮 grain sold at a negotiated price

优化品种结构 optimize the variety mix

油料作物 oil-bearing crops

有机肥 organic fertilizer

杂交水稻

中国人口的70%多是农民。

More than 70 percent of China’s population is farmers.

推进社会主义新农村建设，我们必须把重点放在发展农村经济，增加农民收入上。

To promote the construction of a new socialist countryside, we must

focus on developing the rural economy and increasing farmers’

incomes.

发展现代农业，推进新农村建设，我们要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革。

We must develop modern agriculture and promote the building of a

new countryside through government policy, funding, application of

science and technology and reform.

农业、农村和农民问题，是关系全面建设小康社会和现代化事业全局的重大问题。

The issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers have a major

impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects

and on the modernization drive.

坚持稳定和完善农村基本经营制度，坚持因地制宜，从实际出发，坚持尊重农民意愿，维护农民权益，反对形式主义和强迫命令。

We will continue to stabilize and improve the basic system for rural

operations and continue to tailor measures to suit local conditions,

proceed from the reality, respect the wishes of farmers, safeguard

their rights and interests, and oppose formalism coercion and

commandism.

我们要巩固和加强农业基础地位，促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收。

We will consolidate and strengthen the position of agriculture as the

foundation of the economy, promoting steady development of

agriculture and continuous increase in farmer’s incomes.

我们要切实稳定种植面积，着力提高单产，优化品种结构，推进全国新增粮食生产能力建设。

We will effectively keep the area planted with grain crops stable,

focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety

mix, and increase the country’s grain production capacity.

我们要以市场需求为导向调整农业结构。

We will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.

我们要多渠道促进农民增收。

We will increase farmers’ incomes in a variety of ways.

我们要加大扶贫开发力度。

We will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through

development.

我们要较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，保持农产品价格合理水平，提高种粮农民积极性。

We will significantly raise minimum grain purchasing prices and

keep the prices of agricultural products at a reasonable level to

encourage farmers to grow more.

我们要现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变，赋予农民包括离乡农民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包经营权。

We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable

and unchanged for a long time to come and allow farmers, including

migrant workers who leave their home villages, to enjoy their full and

guaranteed rights to contract and manage land.

土地承包经营权流转必须坚持依法自愿有偿的原则。

The transfer of land use rights must proceed on the basis of voluntary

participation and compensation and in accordance with the law.

我们要启动新一轮农村电网改造， 扩大农村沼气建设规模。

We will begin a new round of the upgrading of rural power grids and

build more rural methane facilities.

我们要着力提高城镇综合承载能力，发挥城市对农村的辐射带动作用，促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。

We will increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns,

ensure that urban areas stimulate the development of surrounding

rural areas, and promote positive interaction between urbanization

and the building of a new countryside.

城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，切实保护农民合法权益。

When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the

strictest systems for protecting arable land and economizing on land

to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.

我们要大力发展农产品加工业，推进农业产业化经营，支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造，推动生产与市场对接。

We will develop the processing industry for agricultural products,

promote industrialization in agriculture, support and the upgrading

and renovation of markets for wholesale and farm produce, and

maintain closer ties between production and the market.

我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后，让农民众早日过上富裕安康的生活。

We will work unremittingly to eradicate poverty and backwardness

so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.

我们要加强对产粮大县的财政扶持。

We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing counties.