补充注释 Unit 2 King Lear

Unit 2 King Lear

补充注释

1. I love you more than all the riches in the world, more than my freedom, more even

than my own eyesight. In fact, I love you more than life itself. 我爱您胜于爱世上所有的财富, 胜于爱我的自由, 甚至还胜于爱我的眼睛。事实上, 我爱您胜于爱自己的生命。

这个句子是省略句, 完整的表达应该是 “I love you more than I love all the riches in

the world, more than I love my freedom, more even than I love my own eyesight. In fact, I

love you more than I love life itself.” 这个句子采用排比的修辞手法, 一连用了四个more

than, 从不同层次和不同角度陈述同一内容, 以加强I love you的语气。

rich是形容词, 它的名词形式为richness。而riches是名词, 意思是“财富；财宝；金钱”等，它只有复数形式。如：

Riches have wings. 【谚】钱财易散。

She gave away all her riches. 她把自己的全部财产都送给了别人。

近义词有：possessions, fortune, gold, money, property, treasure, wealth等。

even在句中起强调作用，通常放在实义动词之前。如果有助动词或情态动词，则一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。如：

In order to watch the soccer game, they even closed the store. 为了看足球比赛, 他们甚至把店门关了。

I didn’t even know his name. 我甚至不知道他的名字。

Some robots can even talk to you. 一些机器人甚至能和你对话。

但是，有时even也可以与别的词连用，表示强调。如：

Shanghai is a huge city, larger even than Beijing. 上海是个很大的城市，甚至比北京还大。

The task might be difficult, impossible even. 这项任务也许很难，甚至不可能完成。

2. In expressing her love for you, my sister has also expressed mine. 在表达她对您的爱的同时, 也道出了我的心声。

这里的in是介词，表示“在某行动或过程中”(during the act or process of)，相当于while。如：

In racing for the bus, she fell and hurt her knees. 她追赶公共汽车时摔了一跤，伤了膝盖。

In helping you with the competition, I have also learned a lot. 在帮助你参赛的同时,

我也学了不少。

3. This part is equal in value to what I give to Goneril. 这部份和我给贡纳莉的那部份价值相等。

what I give to Goneril 相当于the part that I give to Goneril。

be equal in意思是“在 (某方面) 相等”。如：

Are men and women equal in physical strength? 男人和女人在体力上相当吗?

You and I are equal in strength, but not in intelligence. 你我力气相当，但智力有高下之分。

区别be equalto (与„„相等) 。如：

Let X be equal to Y. 设X等于Y。

They receive an income that is equal to the value of the goods they produce. 他们所得的收入与他们所生产的产品价值相当。

4. You are no longer my daughter but a stranger to my heart. 你不再是我的女儿，我心里再也没有你。

stranger的含义是“陌生人”，换句话说, 既非亲人, 亦非朋友, 也非熟人, 而是完全不相干的人。李尔王在心中将科迪莉亚从最宠爱的女儿陡然降格为非亲非故的陌生人, 表达了他失望而愤怒的心情。而daughter和stranger在语音上的押韵更衬托了这种强烈的反差。

be a stranger to是个短语, 意思是“对„„陌生；对„„没有经验；对„„不习惯”, 对应的反义短语为be no stranger to。例如：

He is a stranger to our country. 他不懂我们的国家。

He is no stranger to hardship. 他曾历尽沧桑。

5. We’ll see if either wants to be a bridegroom when she has no riches to bring to the

marriage. 我们倒要看看, 她没有分毫嫁妆, 谁愿意当她的新郎。

值得注意的是, 这个句子中的if相当于whether, 表示“是否”。而when则相当于if,

since, now that等, 表示“如果；既然”。如：

How can he get good grades when he doesn’t study hard?他不用功的话怎么拿高分呢?

Why does she always drive to work when she could easily take the bus?她坐公交车上班很方便, 为什么总是开车去呢?

这个句子中有三个不定式结构, 句法功能各不相同。to be a bridegroom充当want的宾语，to bring to the marriage充当riches的定语，to the marriage充当bring的状语。

6. If you have not passed beyond my frontiers within five days, I will have you killed.

五天之内你若没有离开我的国土, 我就叫人杀了你。

have sth done或get sth done都是“叫别人做某事”，但have sth done更正式。如：

We’ve just had the house decorated. 我们刚叫人把房子装修了一下。

It’ll be a long joumey. We’d better have the car serviced before we set out. 这次旅行路途遥远, 我们最好在出发之前叫人把汽车维修一下。

Doesn’t Mike look smart? He has had that suit made specially for the wedding. 迈克看上去很潇洒，是吧?他那身西装是专为婚礼而定做的。

7. His plays make people laugh an dcry, sometimes at the same time. 他的戏剧有时让人发笑, 有时让人落泪, 有时让人又哭又笑。

这是个省略句, sometimes后面省略了laugh and cry。

at the same time表示“两个动作同时发生”，如：

If you all talk at the same time, I can’t understand what you’re saying. 如果你们同时开口讲话, 我根本不知道你们在说什么。

What’s going on here? She’s laughing and crying at the same time. 她又哭又笑的,

发生什么事了?

Do you know that footballer who’s shouting and running at the same time?你认识那个一边奔跑一边叫喊的足球运动员吗?

at the same time还可以引出和前一句同等重要的事实或观点, 相当于however, 比如：

He wanted to support this wife, but at the same time he didn’t want to offend his

mother. 他想站在妻子一边, 但又不想得罪妈妈。

You promised to reduce our work load, but at the same time you gave us more

homework. 你答应减轻我们的学习负担, 但又给我们布置更多的家庭作业。

8. OK Caius, I’ll give you a trial. And if you prove to be good at your job, I’ll keep you

on as my servant. 好的, 凯厄斯, 我将考验你一下。如果你能证明你擅长你的差使, 我会留你作我的仆人。

give sb a trial试用(某人)。如：

I did well in the job interview and they decided to give me a trial. 由于我在求职面试中发挥出, 他们决定试用我。

He is a capable man. It would be a mistake not to give him a trial. 他是个精明能干的人。不给他试用机会是不对的。

keep sb on的意思是“继续留用”(continue to employ someone), 例如：

How many people will be kept on by the company? 有多少人会被公司留用?

You’re not fit for the job. We can’t keep you on. 你不适合这个工作, 我们不能继续留用你。

She’s a smart girl. It’s a pity that they don’t keep her on. 她是个挺聪明的女孩子。他们不继续留用她, 真可惜。

9. I suspected the same, but I keep telling myself it was my imagination. 我曾这样怀疑过, 但我不断告诉自己说, 这只是我的想象罢了。

suspect “怀疑；猜想”，后面既可以接从句, 也可以直接接名词。本句中的I suspected

the same相当于I suspected that my daughter was behaving very coldly towards me。如：

He seems poor, but I suspect that he has quite a lot of money. 他看上去很穷, 可是我怀疑他很有钱。

I suspect his poverty. 我怀疑他并不是真的很穷。

Don’t suspect my loyalty. 不要怀疑我的忠诚。

10. Is it any wonder that I frown when your soldiers are continually drinking and

fighting? 我皱眉有什么好奇怪的?你的卫兵老是酗酒斗殴。

Is it any wonder (that) …?是一个固定搭配, 表示“不奇怪，足为奇”。如：

With such talented players, is it any wonder they won?他们拥有如此优秀的运动员,

获胜也就不足为奇了。 (=With such talented players, it is no / little wonder that they won. )

Is it any wonder that he speaks good English after living in the US for many years?他在美国生活了很多年, 英语说得很好, 这难道有什么好奇怪的吗?

With such careful preparation, is it any wonder that he won first prize?他做了如此精心的准备, 获得一等奖一点也不奇怪。

continually和continuously都可以表示“连续的；不间断地”，但continually表示“一段时间内多次发生”、“时断时续”或“中断时间很短而又接连发生”，而continuously指“连

续不断地；不停歇地”。如：

The telephone has been ringing continually in the office all morning. 整个早上办公室的电话铃声不断。

They are continually arguing; I have had enough. 他们老是争吵不休, 我烦透了。

The telephone rang continuously for five minutes. 电话铃声连续响了五分钟。

It rained continuously for five days. 连续下了五天雨了。

11. And unless you want me to get rid of the rest of them too, I suggest you teach

them how to behave properly. 你若不想让我把剩下的士兵赶走的话, 我建议你还是教教他们怎样守规矩。

behave意思是“举动；举止；行为表现”，它是个不及物动词，可以用副词修饰。如：

The boy behaved very well last night. 这个男孩昨天晚上表现挺好。

The child behaved badly at the party. 那孩子在聚会上的表现很差。

Mom is always telling me to behave when we go out. 每当我们外出时, 妈妈总是告诫我要守规矩。

behave也可以是及物动词, 但它所接的宾语只能是反身代词behave oneself。如：

Please behave yourself. 举止要得体。

The children behaved themselves at the party. I’m proud of them. 孩子们在聚会上举止得体, 我为他们而感到骄傲。

12. I won’t stay here to be insulted. 我不会呆在这里受辱。

不定式短语在句首多作目的状语, 在句末多作原因状语或结果状语。在这一句里, to be

insulted是stay的结果状语, 表示能够预见的结果。如：

He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起了石头, 结果砸了自己的脚。

The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to be told that the film stars had left. 当记者赶到机场时, 却被告知电影明星们已经走了。

13. She’ll scratch out your eyes when she hears how you’ve treated me. 她若知道你是如何待我的, 她一定会把你的眼珠子抠出来。

scratch的意思是“抓；搔, 挠；抠；刮擦, 划”等。

与scratch有关的短语还有：

scratch one’s head挠头 (形容无法理解或不知所措的样子)

The test has left many students scratching their heads. 这次考试难倒了一大片学生。

scratch to a living勉强糊口

The farmer somehow managed to scratch a living from the poor land. 农夫凭着这片贫瘠的土地勉强度日。

scratch the surface浮光掠影；浅尝辄止。

They had only scratched the surface of the problem. 他们对这个问题仅做了一下简单处理。