new形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳

形容词副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳

绝大部分形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。

原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

规则变化

◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加-er , -est

原级 比较级 最高级

tall taller tallest

short shorter shortest

long longer longest

smart smarter smartest

small smaller smallest

new newer newest

young younger youngest

strong stronger strongest

fast faster fastest

high higher highest

cheap cheaper cheapest

cool cooler coolest

slow slower slowest

great greater greatest

clever cleverer cleverest

clean cleaner cleanest

few fewer fewest

loud louder loudest

quiet quieter quietest

特别提醒：以-y,-er, -ow, le结尾的双音节形容词末尾加er和est。

如：healthy, funny, busy, hungry, easy, happy,

early, pretty, lazy, heavy, dirty, clever, low(低的)等。

◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r，-st

原级 比较级 最高级

nice nicer nicest

fine finer finest

large larger largest

cute cuter cuter

late later latest

close closer closest

white whiter whitest

blue bluer bluest

◇“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er,

-est

原级 比较级 最高级

easy easier easiest

pretty prettier prettiest

happy happier happiest

funny funnier funniest

busy busier busiest

heavy heavier heaviest

dirty dirtier dirtiest

lovely lovelier loveliest

dry drier driest

lucky luckier luckest

◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母，

再加-er，-est

原级 比较级 最高级

fat fatter fattest

thin thinner thinnest

hot hotter hottest

big bigger biggest

red redder reddest

wet wetter wettest

sad sadder saddest

特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。

◇绝大部分双音节词和多音节的词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，要在前面加 more，most

原级 比较级 最高级

beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

important more most important

important

expensive more expensive most expensive

outgoing more outgoing most outgoing

popular more popular most popular

serious more serious most serious

creative more creative most creative

comfortable more most

comfortable comfortable

hard-working more most

hard-working hard-working

delicious more delicious most delicious

特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，

如unhappy----unhappier----unhappiest,

untidy----untidier----untidiest

◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加

more，most

原级 比较级 最高级

slowly more slowly most slowly

quickly more quickly most quickly

carefully more most carefully

carefully

loudly more loudly most loudly

quietly more quietly most quietly

特别提醒：early ----earlier----earliest

◇由ING分词和ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most

来表示它们的比较级和最高级。

原级 比较级 最高级

interesting more most

interesting interesting

excited more excited most exciting

tired more tired most tired

boring more boring most boring

不规则变化

原级 比较级 最高级

good/well better best

bad/badly/ill worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

far farther/further farthest/furthest

old older/elder oldest/eldest

特别提醒：

◇further不但能够指“距离更远”，还可指“水准更深”。记住以下三个词组：

further study(进修)

further education(继续教育)

further information (进一步的信息)

◇ elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，

如： elder sister()

elder brother (哥哥)

◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。

◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级，这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去

分词变成的形容词。

fun ---- more fun, most fun

tired ---- more tired , most tired

◇ 特殊形式：

friendly---friendlier---friendliest

---more friendly---most friendly

shy---shyer---shyest

---shier---shiest

练习：

1. Bob is _________ (young) than Fred but

___________ (tall) than Fred.

2. Ying Tian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yong

Xian.

3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li

Deming looks _______ (fat) than before the

holidays,

is _________ (heavy),a hen or a chicken?

5.-- How ________ (tall) is Sally? -- She' s 1.55

metres _______ (tall). What about Xiaoling?

She' s only 1.40 metres ___(tall). She is much

___(short) than Sally. She is also the ___ (short)

girl in the class.

6. He is _____ (bad) at learning maths. He is much

_____ (bad) at Chinese and he is the

_______ (bad) at English.

7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in

the world.

8. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the

class, I think.

9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive)

than a story-book.

10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple,

but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.

二、形容词、副词的比较级的用法

名称

一、原级的用结构 可放在前的修饰词

例句

Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。

1“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+almost,

乙”表示“甲和乙水准相同”或“甲是nearly,

乙的几倍” just,

2“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙水准相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”

exactly,

quite,

rather,

Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。

Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。

法

3“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+

乙”甲不如乙…

4甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙…

名称

二、比较级的用法

3“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单

数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。

2“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+1甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”

结构

very, half ,

This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如twice,thre那个大。

e times , a

He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走third, so，路不像你那样慢。

too

可放在前的修饰词

a lot,

much ,

a bit,

even,

乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”

a little ,

far,

Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。

This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。

I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。

He runs three times faster than his brother.例句

Lesson One

他跑的速度比他弟弟倍。

is much

The Yangtze River is longer than any other

easier

than

Lesson

river in China. =The Yangtze River is longer

than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。

=The Yangtze River is longer than the other

rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。=The Yangtze River is the longest river in

China.长江是中国最长的河流。

Mike gets to school earlier than any other

注意：The Yangtze Riveris longer than any

Two.第一river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都课比第二长。

4“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”，含义是“甲最……”。

5“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”

6“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

7“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。

8“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”

“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？”

课容易得多。

Tom

looks even

student in his class.= Mike gets to school

younger

earlier than any of the other students in his

than

before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。

This train

runs much

He is getting taller and taller.

faster

than that

The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes

one.这辆you’ll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少

火车比那辆跑地快。

Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？

Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？

class. 注意：Mike gets to school earlier than

any student in Tom’s class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班)

Look at the two brother is the taller

of the two.