instruct的用法及短语
一、介绍instruct的基本用法
instruct是一个动词,表示教导、指示或命令某人做某事。它在口语和书面语中都十分常见,用途广泛。本文将详细介绍instruct的基本用法及几个常用短语。
二、以人为对象的用法
1. instruct somebody to do something
这是最常见的使用方式,表示命令或指示某人去做某事。例如:
- The teacher instructed the students to complete their assignments by Friday.
(老师要求学生们在周五之前完成作业。)
- The coach instructed his players to work harder and improve their teamwork.
(教练命令球员们更加努力地训练并提高团队合作。)
2. instruct somebody how to do something
表示教导或指示某人如何做某事。例如:
- My grandfather patiently instructed me how to ride a bicycle when I was a child.
(我小时候,爷爷耐心地教我如何骑自行车。)
- The chef instructed his assistant on the proper way to prepare the dish.
(厨师向他的助手详细说明了准备这道菜的正确步骤。)
三、以机构、组织等为对象的用法
1. instruct someone in something
表示向某人传授特定领域的知识或技能。例如:
- The university offers classes that instruct students in computer programming.
(大学提供教授学生计算机编程的课程。)
- The company hired a language expert to instruct employees in business English.
(公司聘请了一名语言专家,向员工教授商务英语。)
2. instruct somebody on something
表示告知某人有关某事的准则、政策或信息。例如:
- The manager instructed the staff on the new safety regulations in the workplace.
(经理向员工详细说明了新的工作场所安全规定。)
- The lawyer instructed his client on what documents to bring to court.
(律师告知他的客户需要带哪些文件去法庭。)
四、常见短语与搭配
1. be instructed to do something
表示根据指示或命令去做某事。例如:
- The employees were instructed to submit their reports before the end of the week.
(员工们被要求在本周末之前提交报告。)
- Students are instructed to turn off their cell phones during exams.
(考试期间,学生必须将手机关闭。)
2. carefully/in detail/step by step instruct
用于强调教导或指示非常细致和详尽。
例如:
- The instructor carefully instructed each student on how to perform CPR.
(教练对每个学生仔细讲解如何进行心肺复苏术。)
- The manual provides step-by-step instructions for assembling the furniture.
(该手册提供了逐步组装家具的详细说明。)
3. self-instructed/self-instruction
表示通过自学或独立学习获得的知识或技能。例如:
- He is a self-instructed guitarist who never had formal lessons.
(他是一个自学成才的吉他手,从未接受过正规的教学。)
- The company offers self-instructional materials for employees to improve their job
skills.
(公司提供自学材料,帮助员工提升工作技能。)
五、总结
instruct是一个常用、多功能的动词,可以用于命令、指示、教导以及传递信息等多种场合。根据使用对象的不同,其用法也会有所变化。我们已经介绍了以人为对象和以机构、组织为对象的基本用法,并列举了一些常见短语和搭配。通过准确使用instruct及其相关短语,可以更有效地与他人沟通并实现所需目标。
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