裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第78课_课文讲解

egegegeg**eg**egegegegegegTextAfter reading an article entitled ' Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigaratte to calm my ed ' Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'entitled 是过去分词，整个过去分词短语作定语修饰 an article 意思是一篇健康与吸烟的文章to calm my nerves 来镇定我紧张的神经（to do 不定式做目的状语），我点燃香烟目的是镇定我紧张的神经点燃（light的过去式及过去分词）litvlight1v点火，着火He lit a cigatette. 他点着香烟。He lit up a cigarette.他点着香烟。2v（使）供给光线，照亮We lit a candle and the candle lit the room.我们点燃蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。3v（使）容光焕发Suddenly a smile lit (up) her face. 突然微笑是她的脸亮了起来。light的过去分词及过去式有2种，light---lit---lit; light---lighted---lighted,区别在于：lit通常做谓语动词The match is lit. 火柴被点燃了。lighted通常做定语，当做形容词来使用时放在名词之前。a lighted match被点燃过的火柴4n光sunlight阳光firelight火光5n引火物Can you give me a light, please? 能借个火吗？6n光线I can`t read while you are standing in my light. 你挡住我的光线了，我没法看书。come to light/bring to light（渐）为人所知之状态in the light of从…观点看according to one`s lights按照个人之见识throw light on/ shed light on使明白，解释7adj轻的as light as air毫无重量（轻的像空气）as light as a feather轻如鸿毛（想羽毛一样轻）8adj少量的，教往常或预期少的a light crop of wheat小麦的收成不佳9adj(指睡眠)浅睡的，睡不沉的， 反义词（sound)a light sleeper浅睡的人10adj(动作或做动作的人)轻快的，灵活的a light dancer轻快的舞者I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last sure that(从句)对某事确信as因为She stayed at home as she had no car. 因为没有车她呆在家里。He saw her, as they were both getting off the bus at the same time .因为他们同时下的公交车，所以他看见她了。cigaretten香烟，纸烟cigarn雪茄cigarette case香烟盒cigarette holder烟嘴cigarette lighter打火机For a whole week, I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered …at all根本不during this time在此期间sufferv遭罪，吃尽苦头terribly1adv很糟糕（very badly)She suffered terribly when her sin was killed.她儿子被杀她痛苦极了。2（口）非常，很not a terribly good film不特别好的电影I am terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up up smoking戒烟

egegegegegegegegegegegegegegegegegegegegsomeone giving up smoking是个独立主格结构，做of的宾语；其中someone是逻辑主语，giving up smoking 是逻辑谓语。独立主格： 一名词或代词和另一成分构成的复合结构，称为独立结构，常用于描绘性文字中，使其更生动。John being away, Henry had to do the work. John走了， Henry不得不做这份工作。 （后半句是个完整的句子，前半句是个独立的结构，John是逻辑主语，being away是逻辑谓语）He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. 他平躺着，头枕着双手。（句子主干是he lay on his back,他平躺着，那么怎样平躺着呢？双手交叉在头下；独立结构中，his hands作为逻辑主语，crossed作为逻辑谓语）He entered the room, his nise red with cold.他进入房间，鼻子冻得通红。 （主干是he entered the room, 独立结构是his nose red with cold)He put on his socks wrong side out.他袜子穿反了。I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temple and an enormous enormous appetite旺盛的食欲My friends kept on offering me cigarette and on doing sth持续不断做 （keep表示保持某种状态）She kept on studying.她继续学习。（无间断的）Please keep off the grass.= Do not walk on it.请勿践踏草坪（keep off 远离）He kept away from the party.= He did not come. 他没有来这个party (keep away 避开）Under my essay, the teacher wrote: " Good work! Keep it up!"(keep sth up= continue making an effort 坚持做某事，继续努力）He ran so fast, I could not keep up with him.= I could not remain beside him.(keep up with sb 跟上某人，赶上某人）A big botice on the door said, 'keep out!'(keep put= do not come in 切勿入内）门上贴了个醒目的告示，切勿入内！The cat was kept in during the fireworks.= It was made to stay indoors. 放烟火时猫被关在屋子里（be keep in 关在某处）Keep your shirt!= Don`t calm.别担心，放松。keep a secret保守秘密keep hens养母鸡keep chickens养鸡keep cows养牛He needs more money to keep his wife and children. 他需要更多的钱去照顾妻子和孩子（keep= take care of 照顾，照料)They keep a shop.他们经营一家商店。They keep a small hotel.他们经营一家小旅馆。keep sb from doing sth阻止（某人）做某事keep in touch保持联系offerv给予（后面加双宾语）offer sb sth给予某人某物They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my no effort to do sth根本不作努力make an effort努力The prisoner made an effort to easape, but he couldn`t climb the prison wall. 这个囚犯努力想逃跑，但是他没能爬过监狱的墙。hide1v隐藏，藏You are hiding some important facts. 你隐瞒了一些重要的事实。Don`t hide your feelings; say what you think. 不要隐瞒你的感情，说出你的想法。2v躲藏I will hide behind the door. 我将藏身于门后。coverv遮盖，隐蔽The noise was so loud that she covered her ears with her hands. 噪音太大了，以至于他用手遮住耳朵。（so…that 太…以至于…)sweetn糖果candy（美）糖果puddingn补丁（一种甜点心）dessertn餐后的甜点my sweet= honey,baby称呼心上人的用语Aftet seven days of this I went to a ody around me was smokingand I felt extremely aly uncomfortable非常不自在extremaly ad极度地，极端地，非常地

egegegegegegegeg12345671extremely hot非常地热extremely angry极度地生气extremely heavy格外地沉extremely sorry极度地抱歉When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could sb to do sth劝说某人做某事it was more than I could bear.= I could not bear it any more. 我再也忍不住了。more than万分，非常，无以名状We were more than happy to hear of your escape! 我们听到你逃了出来高兴的无以名状！more…than与其说…不如说…He is more mad than stupid. 与其说他很笨，不如说他疯了。no more…than与…一样，同样不（双重否定）He`s no more fit to be a minister than a schoolboy would be.一个学童固然不宜当部长，他同样不宜。I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with wife was delighted that thing had returned to normal lyadv内疚地be delighted that （从句）被（某事）感到高兴return to恢复，返回return to London返回伦敦return from work下班回来return sth归还（某物）Don`t forget to return my keys. 别忘了还我钥匙。returnn回程return journey回程the return of the books归还的书the return of spring春回大地once more= once again 又一次，再一次Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up 正像，正如anyway= anyhow无论如何He may not like my visit, but I shall go and see him anyway/ anyhow. 他可能不喜欢我的到访，但无论如何，我还是会去看他的。point out指出,把注意力引向He pointed her out to me . 他把她的注意力引向我。May I point out that if we don`t leave now we shall miss the bus. 我想指出，假如我们现在不离开的话， 我们将错过公共汽车。point of view观点pointed1adj尖的long pointed fingernails长长的，尖尖的手指甲2adj直截了当的， 不客气的She looked in a pointed manner at the clock and I understood that it was time to leave. 他不客气的看了看表，我明白该走了。give up doing放弃做某事give up fishing放弃钓鱼give up fighting放弃斗争He himself has done it lots of himself他自己have done it= has given up smoking关于keep的短语I think he kept away from the meeting on purpose. 我想他是故意避开这个会议的。Keep off the floor. I have just finished scrubbing it. 我刚刚擦完地板，所以请不要踩它。He has just begun a diary. I wonder how long he will keep it up.他刚刚开始记日记，我怀疑他能坚持多久。He kept on making the same mistake.他不断的犯相同的错误。We keep Tim out of the room because Betty has measles. 我们不准Tim进入房间因为Betty患麻疹了。Most people spend their lives trying to keep up with their neighours. 大多数人花毕生的时间和邻居们攀比。Three children were kept in after school for being noisy in class. 放学后三个孩子被留下来因为上课的时候吵闹。ExercisesDid he light a cigarette? 他点着香烟了吗？ 这是个一般过去时疑问句，因为前面用助动词did提问，其谓语动词要用原型才符合语法要求。

ABCD2ABCD3ABCD4ABCDDid he light a cigarette? 他点着香烟了吗？ 这是个一般过去时疑问句，因为前面用助动词did提问，其谓语动词要用原型才符合语法要求。litlight的过去式和过去分词lightlightedlight的过去式和过去分词lightinglight的现在分词He had a bad temper. He was in a bad mood.n精神，不应该说成in bad spirit, e而应该是in low spirits(情绪低落）spiritn情绪（in a bad mood是惯用法，表示“情绪或心情不好”，相当于in a bad temper.)moodn感觉feeling不能和介词搭配n性情，气质不能和介词搭配dispositionThey made no effort to hide their amusement. They didn`t try `t try to毫不努力，跟made no efforts 含义相同；didn`t afford to买不起couldn`t afford to买不起didn`t have a trial没有试验，没做审判She was so absorbed in her job that she didn`t hear anybody knocking at the door. 他如此专注于工作，以至于额米有听到有人在敲门。attractedattracted one`s attention to sth 吸引或引起某人对某事的注意力absorbedbe absorbed in sth 专注，专心于drawndraw one`s attention to sth 吸引或引起某人对某事的注意力concentratedconcentrate on sth 专注于某事

他看见她了。

使其更生动。人，赶上某人）

的时候吵闹。