高考英语查缺补漏集中营 动词短语

毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校2014高考英语查缺补漏集中营：动词短语

1． The watch was very good, and he ________ 20 percent down for it.

A．paid B．cost

C．bought D．spent

注册”。associate“使联合，联想”；dispute“争论”；negotiate“协商，谈判”。

4．—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.

—Me character of the town is well ________.

A．qualified B．preservedC．decorated

解析：选A 考查动词辨析。句意：那块表很不错，他以20%的折扣价买下了它。A项表示“支付”，后跟具体的钱数，与for搭配，故选A。B项的主语一般是物；C项后面一般用“商品”作宾语，可排除；D项与后面的介词不搭配，其后应用介词on。

2． Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending

quite a lot of time with students.A．enjoys

B．involves

C．practices D．suggests

解析：选B 考查动词辨析。句意：米歇尔到了一份高中教师的工作，(这份工作)需要和学生待在一起的时间比较长。involve“包含，需要”，符合句意。enjoy“喜欢”；practice“练习”；suggest“建议”。

3． According to the law, all foreigners have to ________ with the local

police within two weeks of arrival.

A．associate B．dispute

C．negotiate D．register

解析：选D 考查动词辨析。句意：按照该法律，所有的外国人在到来的两周内必须在当地警方登记。这里说的是在警方登记，故用register，表示“登记，D．simplified

解析：选B 考查动词辨析。根据题意可知，这个城镇的特保留得很好，因此选preserved表示“保存，保护”。qualify“使合格，使具备资格”；decorate“装饰”；simplify“使简化”。

动词词义辨析一直都是高考考查的重点，这类题绝大多数情况下所给的四个选项的含义各不相同，没有关联性，此时考查的是对题干和语境的理解。偶尔也考查近义词的辨析。近三年考查到的还有：

①sacrifice (牺牲); substitute (代替); simplify (简化); survive

②conclude; lead; avoid (避免); hold

③persuade(说服); promise; invite; support

④open; narrow; widen; leave

⑤make; turn; take; have

⑥differ; shrink (收缩); fail; decline (下降)

⑦sponsor (赞助); launch (发射); organize; plan

⑧tell; remind (提醒); warn; advise

动词的一词多义和熟词新义

Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems

to your lungs.

病后)康复”。

A．check B．allowC．stop 3． In much of the animal world, night is the time ________ for sleep

D．help

解析：选D 考查动词辨析。句意：尽量不要过多咳嗽，因为咳嗽过多可能引发你的肺部问题。not more than one can help意为“能少尽量少”，符合句意。

动词的一词多义或熟词新义是考查的难点，例如上文提到的help，大家都熟悉的意思为“帮助”，但高考考查的是“忍住”。动词的熟词新义请参见本书附录。

1． At the last moment, Tom decided to ________ a new character to make

the story seem more likely.

A．put up B．put in

C．put on D．put off

解析：选B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最后的时刻，汤姆决定添加一个新人物，以使故事显得更真实。put up“建造”；put in“添上”；put on“穿上”；put off“推迟”。根据句意可知，应选B项。

2． Would you like to ________ with us to the film tonight?

A．come along B．come off

C．come across D．come through

解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“你今晚愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？”可知，此处意为“跟随”。come along“跟着来，跟随”，符合句意。come off“举行，发生，成功”；come across“偶然遇见”；come through“(重—pure and simple.

A．set aside B．set down

C．set off D．set up

解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很多动物世界里，夜晚完全是用来睡觉的时间。pure and simple“完全是，不折不扣是”。set aside“留出，拨出(时间等)”，符合句意。set down“写下”；set off“出发，引起”；set up“建立”。

4． Team leaders must ensure that all members ________ their natural

desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

A．get over B．look overC．take over

D．come over

解析：选A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队领导必须确保所有的成员克服他们自然想要避免因犯错而带来的尴尬。get over“克服”，符合句意。look

over“检查”；take over“接管”；come over“顺便来访”。

动词短语的辨析是动词考查的重中之重，甚至有些形式上单个动词的辨析也是考查所构成短语的辨析。总的来说，动词短语的辨析可分为三种：一是以动词为主体词的辨析；二是以副词或介词为主体词的辨析；三是无关联的动词短语的辨析。下面就常见的动词短语做如下总结：

一、以动词为主体词的短语

1．break

break away from 脱离

break down 坏掉；分解；垮下来

break out 爆发

break in 打断；闯入

break into 闯入

break through 突破

break up 打碎；分解；分手

Old­fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in

disasters.无线网络在灾难中瘫痪的时候，老式电话起到重要作用。

2．bring

bring about 引起，导致

bring down 使降低，使下降

bring in 引进；赚进

bring up 抚养；养育；呕吐bring out 取出；；生产；阐明Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value

the sense of sharing.

因为大卫出生于有三兄弟的家庭，因此养成了分享意识。

3．come

come along 跟随

come out 出现；；结果是

come about 发生

come across 偶遇

come to 共计

come up 出现；被提出

come up with 提出

She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping

at the department store.

昨天她在百货商店购物时遇到了一位老朋友。

4．cut

cut in 插嘴

cut off 切断

cut up 切碎

cut down 砍倒，削减

My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut down.

我叔叔一直没能戒烟，但至少减少了吸烟的量。5．get

get away 外出度假

get in 收割

get into 进入；养成

get through 完成；通过；解决；接通电话

get over 克服

get across 被理解；使通过

get off 下车/船/马/飞机等

get down to 着手做

get up 起床；起身Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a

man got up and left.

珍妮正在座位，幸运的是，这时一个人起身离开了。

6．go

go against 违背

go over 预习；复习

go out 外出；熄灭

go without 没有……也行；没有……也可以勉强对付

To get a better grade, you should go over the notes again before the test.要想取得更好的成绩，你应该在考试前再复习一下笔记。

7. looklook through 浏览；透过……看

look into 调查

look up 向上看；查

look up to 尊敬；敬仰

look round/around 环顾

I often look up the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the

Internet.

我经常在词典或网上查阅不认识的单词。

8. make

make out 辨认出

make up 组成；编造

make up with 弥补

make the best of 充分利用

The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll

just have to make the best of it.

这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校，但既然来了，我还是想充分利用它。

9. put

put in 放进，写进

put away 收起，储存

put out 扑灭；；生产

put down 写下，镇压

put off 推迟put on 穿上；上演

put up 张贴；举起；建造

put forward 提出

Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put down almost

every word her teacher says.

玛丽确实很擅长课堂上做笔记，她几乎能把老师讲的每一个单词都记下来。

10．set

set aside 拨出；置于一旁

set up 建立；竖立

set out 着手(做……)；出发

set about 着手(做……)

set off 出发，引爆

Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage

themselves before they set off on their life journey.

传统上，大学生在开始他们的人生旅途之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励自己。

——我的建议又被拒绝了。

11．take

take up 开始从事；占据；拿起

take apart 拆卸

take in 欺骗，吸收

take off 起飞；腾飞；脱掉

take on 呈现；雇用

take over 接管Rod loves taking apart clocks. However, he

manages to put them together again.

罗德喜欢拆卸钟表，可是他从未能再组装上过。

12．turn

turn out 结果证明

turn to 求助于；转向

turn in 上交

turn down 拒绝，把音量开小

turn on 打开

turn off 关掉

turn up 出现；把音量开高

turn over 翻开

—You look upset. What's the matter?

—I had my proposal turned down again.

——你看上去不高兴，怎么了？

never

二、以副词或介词为主体词的短语

13．out

wear out 穿烂；用坏

work out 解出；进展顺利

let out 放出；发出；泄露leave out 遗漏

figure out 弄清

burst out 爆发

rule out 排除

point out 指出carry out 贯彻

You can't predict everything. Often things don't work out as you expect.你不可能预知一切，往往事情并不如你所愿。

14．up

build up 增强keep up 保持；鼓起

speed up 加速

pick up 拾起；收听/看；用车接送/装运；无意学会

send up 发射

use up 用完

hang up 挂断

end up 结束

split up 分裂；分手

stay up 熬夜

Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to keep up his courage.

这个男孩独自在黑暗中走着，吹着口哨为自己鼓气。

②It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he

hasn't lived there very long.

你弟弟学会俄语那么快真令人惊讶——他并没在那里住多长时间。

15．off

pay off 还清；回报

show off 炫耀

give off 放出

The athlete's years of hard training paid off when she finally won the

Olympic gold medal.

当这名运动员最后获得奥运金牌时，她多年的刻苦训练得到了回报。

三、无关联的动词短语

see to 处理；解决

fight for 为……而战

agree with 同意；适合

do without 没有……也勉强对付

fit in 适合

live up to 达到；不辜负

run away from 逃走；避开

I'm so glad you've come here to see to this matter in person.

我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。

You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you,

I suppose.

你气很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。

1．—I will have to think about it again.

—If you ________， you may lose the opportunity to compete altogether.

A．hesitate B．wonder

C．continue D．fail

解析：选A 句意：“我必须再次好好考虑一下。”“如果你犹豫不决，你可能会失去这个比赛的好机会。”hesitate“犹豫；迟疑”；wonder“想知道”；continue“继续”；fail“失败”。

2． It has been reported that some government leaders ________ their

authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

A．overlook B．employ

C．abandon D．abuse

解析：选D 句意：据报道，一些政府官员滥用职权非法为自己谋取利益。overlook“俯瞰”；employ“雇用”；abandon“遗弃；抛弃”；abuse“滥用；辱骂”。

3． Look before you leap! Why not ________ the advantages against the

risks before you start?

A．weigh B．match

C．defend D．fight

解析：选A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三思而后行，为何不在开始以前权衡

一下利弊呢？weigh此处意为“权衡，认真考虑”之意。

4．—What's the matter with John? He has been sitting there for hours.

—A postcard from his father ________ an attack of home­sickness in him.

A．took up B．set off

C．brought in D．built up

解析：选B 句意：“约翰怎么了？他一直在那儿坐了好几个小时了。”“父亲寄来的明信片使他想家。”take up“拿起；占据；从事”；set off“出发；引起；使爆炸”；bring in“带来；引进”；build up“逐渐建立”。5．

All her hard work ________ in the end, and she finally passed the exam.

A．paid back B．paid off

C．brought out D．brought off

解析：选B 句意：所有的努力最终得到了回报，她通过了考试。pay back“归还”；pay off“还清；有回报”；bring out“拿出”；bring off“取消”。

6． Robert has rich work experience, so it will ________ for his lack

of academic knowledge.

A．pick up B．take up

C．bring up D．make up

解析：选D 句意：罗伯特有丰富的工作经验，因此会弥补他学术知识的缺乏。pick up“捡起；接受；偶然学会；情况好转”；take up“拿起；从事；占据”；bring up“抚养；提出；呕吐”；make up for“弥补”。

7．—Jack, this is the third time that you have been late this week.

—Sorry, sir, but I was ________ for 15 minutes on the way here in the

traffic jam.

A．given up B．put up

C．taken up D．held up

解析：选D 句意：“杰克，这是你本周第三次迟到了。”“很抱歉，先生，但我在来这里的路上遇到了长达15分钟的堵车。”be held up“受阻”，符合题意。give up“放弃”；put up“举起；张贴；留宿”；take up“拿起；从事；占据”。

8． The sale of the company's new product is good. It has ________ two

million dollars so far.

A．carried on B．kept up

C．brought in D．consisted of

解析：选C 考查动词短语辨析。carry on表示“经营，进行，继续开展”；keep up表示“保持，维持，继续，坚持”；bring in表示“带来，引进，挣，赚入”；consist of表示“由……组成，由……构成”。根据题干语境可知，brought in为最佳答案。