Total Renewable Freshwater Supply, by Country (2006 Update_

2023年12月21日发(作者：phonemes)

Table 1. Total Renewable Freshwater Supply by Country (2006 Update)

Description

Average annual renewable freshwater resources are listed by country, updating the previous tables in this series from The World’s

Water. These data are typically comprised of both renewable surface water and groundwater supplies, including surface inflows from

neighboring countries. The UN FAO refers to this as total natural renewable water resources. Flows to other countries are not

subtracted from these numbers. All quantities are in cubic kilometers per year (km3/yr). These data represent average freshwater

resources in a country―actual annual renewable supply will vary from year to year.

Limitations

These detailed country data should be viewed, and used, with caution. The data come from different sources and were estimated over

different periods. Many countries do not directly measure or report internal water resources data, so some of these entries were

produced using indirect methods. For example, Margat compiles information from a wide variety of sources and notes that there is a

wide variation in the reliability of the data. In the past few years, new assessments have begun to standardize definitions and

assumptions.

Not all of the annual renewable water supply is available for use by the countries to which it is credited here; some flows are

committed to downstream users. For example, the Sudan is listed as having 154 cubic kilometers per year, but treaty commitments

require them to pass significant flows downstream to Egypt. Other countries, such as Turkey, Syria, and France, to name only a few,

also pass significant amounts of water to other users. The annual average figures hide large seasonal, interannual, and long-term

variations.

Sources

Compiled by P. H. Gleick and H. Cooley, Pacific Institute.

nd = no data

a. Total natural renewable surface and groundwater. Typically includes flows from other countries. (FAO: Natural total renewable

water resources)

b. Estimates from Belyaev, Institute of Geography, USSR (1987).

c. Estimates from FAO (1995). Water Resources of African Countries. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, Rome,

Italy.

d. Estimates from WRI (1994). See this source for original data source.

e. Estimates from Goscomstat, USSR, 1989 as cited in Gleick 1993, Table A16.

f. Estimates from FAO (1997). Water Resources of the Near East Region: A Review. Food and Agriculture Organization, United

Nations, Rome, Italy.

g. Estimates from FAO (1997). Irrigation in the Countries of the Former Soviet Union in Figures. Food and Agriculture

Organization, United Nations, Rome, Italy.

h. UNFAO. 1999. Irrigation in Asia in Figures. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, Rome, Italy.

i. Nix, H. 1995. Water/Land/Life: The Eternal Triangle. Water Research Foundation of Australia, Canberra, Australia.

j. UNFAO. 2000. Irrigation in Latin America and the Caribbean. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, Rome, Italy.

k. AQUASTAT Web site as of February 2003.

l. Margat, J./OSS. 2001. Les ressources en eau des pays de l’OSS. Evaluation, utilisation et gestion. UNESCO/Observatoire du

Sahara et du Sahel. (Updating of 1995).

m. Estimates from FAO (2003). Review of World Water Resources by Country. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations,

Rome, Italy (see specific references in this document for more information).

n. United States Geological Survey Revised: Conterminous US (2071); Alaska (980); Hawaii (18).

o. EUROSTAT, U. Wieland. 2003. Water resources in the EU and in the candidate countries. Statistics in Focus, Environment and

Energy, European Communities.

p. Margat, J and D. Vallée. 2000. Blue Plan―Mediterranean vision on water, population and the environment for the 21st century.

Sophia Antipolis, France. 62 pp.

q. Geres, D. 1998. Water resources in Croatia. International Symposium on Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering.

Dubrovnic, Croatia (September 14–19).

r. AQUASTAT Web site as of November 2005.

s. EUROSTAT. 2005.

t. Pearse, P. H., Bertrand, F., MacLaren, J. W. 1985. Currents of change, final report of inquiry on federal water policy.

Environment Canada. Ottawa, Canada.

Annual

Renewable

Water

Resourcesa

(km^3/yr)

Region

AFRICA

Country

Algeria

Angola

Benin

Botswana

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cameroon

Cape Verde

Central African Republic

Chad

Comoros

Congo

Congo, Democratic Republic (formerly

Zaire)

Cote D'Ivoire

Djibouti

Egypt

Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Gabon

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Kenya

Lesotho

Liberia

Libya

Madagascar

Malawi

Mali

Mauritania

Source

Year of of

Estimate Estimate

14.3 1997 c,f

184.0 1987 b

25.8 2001 l

14.7 2001 l

17.5 2001 l

3.6 1987 b

285.5 2003 m

0.3 1990 c

144.4 2003 m

43.0 1987 b

1.2 2003 m

832.0 1987 b

1283

0.3

86.8

6.3

110.0

164.0

8.0

53.2

226.0

31.0

30.2

5.2

232.0

0.6

337.0

17.3

100.0

11.4

2001

1997

2001

1987

1982

2001

1987

2003

1990

1987

1997

1984

2001

1997

c,f

NORTH

AND

CENTRAL

AMERICA

SOUTH

AMERICA

Mauritius

Morocco

Mozambique

Namibia

Niger

Nigeria

Reunion

Rwanda

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Somalia

South Africa

Sudan

Swaziland

Tanzania

Togo

Tunisia

Uganda

Zambia

Zimbabwe

2.2

29.0

216.0

45.5

33.7

286.2

5.0

5.2

39.4

160.0

15.7

50.0

154.0

4.5

14.7

4.6

66.0

105.2

20.0

2001

2003

1992

1991

2003

1988

2003

1987

1997

1990

1997

1987

2001

2003

1970

2001

1987

c,f

Antigua and Barbuda

Bahamas

Barbados

Belize

Canada

Costa Rica

Cuba

Dominica

Dominican Republic

El Salvador

Grenada

Guatemala

Haiti

Honduras

Jamaica

Mexico

Nicaragua

Panama

St. Kitts and Nevis

Trinidad and Tobago

United States of America

Argentina

Bolivia

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Ecuador

Guyana

0.1

18.6

3300.0

112.4

38.1

21.0

25.2

111.3

14.0

95.9

9.4

457.2

196.7

148.0

0.02

3.8

3069.0

814.0

622.5

8233.0

922.0

2132.0

432.0

241.0

2000

2003

2000

1985

2000

2001

2000

1985

2000

ASIA

EUROPE

Paraguay

Peru

Suriname

Uruguay

Venezuela

Afghanistan

Bahrain

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Brunei

Cambodia

China

India

Indonesia

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Japan

Jordan

Korea DPR

Korea Rep

Kuwait

Laos

Lebanon

Malaysia

Maldives

Mongolia

Myanmar

Nepal

Oman

Pakistan

Philippines

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Singapore

Sri Lanka

Syria

Taiwan

Thailand

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

Vietnam

Yemen

Europe

Albania

Austria

Belgium

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

336.0

1913.0

122.0

139.0

1233.2

65.0

0.1

1210.6

95.0

8.5

476.1

2829.6

1907.8

2838.0

137.5

96.4

1.7

430.0

0.9

77.1

69.7

0.02

333.6

4.8

580.0

0.03

34.8

1045.6

210.2

1.0

233.8

479.0

0.1

2.4

0.6

50.0

46.1

67.0

409.9

234.0

0.2

891.2

4.1

41.7

84.0

20.8

37.5

19.4

105.5

0.4

16.0

2000

2003

2000

1997

1999

1987

1999

1997

2001

1999

1997

1999

1997

2003

1997

1999

1997

2003

1999

1997

1975

1999

1997

2000

1999

2003

1997

1999

1997

2001

2005

2003

2005

1998

2005

l,m

k, l, m, o

o, q

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Luxembourg

Macedonia

Malta

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

United Kingdom

Serbia-Montenegro*

6.1

21.1

110.0

189.0

188.0

72.0

120.0

170.0

46.8

175.0

1.6

6.4

0.07

89.7

381.4

63.1

73.6

42.3/211.90

80.3/50.1

32.1

111.1

179.0

53.3

160.6

208.5

2003

2005

2003

2005

2001

2005

2003

2005

2003

o, m

FORMER

SOVIET

UNION Russia

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Estonia

Georgia

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Latvia

Lithuania

Moldova

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

OCEANIA Australia

Fiji

New Zealand

Papua New Guinea

Solomon Islands

*referred to as Yugoslavia in previous The World's Water

4498.0

10.5

30.3

58.0

12.8

63.3

109.6

46.5

49.9

24.5

11.7

99.7

60.9

139.5

72.2

398.0

28.6

397.0

801.0

44.7

1997

2005

1997

2003

1995

1987

1995

1987

e,g

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