铁路专业英文词汇

铁路专业词汇

一、铁路；铁道

railway railroad

铁路线 railway line； railroad line

铁路网 railway network； railroad network

铁道科学 railway science

铁路技术 railway technology

铁路等级 railway classification

国有铁路 national railway； state railway

地方铁路 local railway； regional railway

私有铁路 private railway

合资铁路 joint investment railway； jointly

owned railway

标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway

窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway

米轨铁路 meter-gage railway

宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway

单线铁路 single track railway

双线铁路 double track railway

多线铁路 multiple track railway

重载铁路 heavy haul railway

高速铁路 high speed railway

电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway；

electric railway

干线铁路 main line railway； trunk railway

市郊铁路 suburban railway

地下铁道；地铁 subway； metro； underground

railway

工业企业铁路 industry railway

矿山铁路 mine railway

轻轨铁路 light railway； light rail

高架铁路 elevated railway

单轨铁路；独轨铁路 monorail； monorail

railway

磁浮铁路 magnetic levitation railway；

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maglev

森林铁路 forest railway

山区铁路 mountain railway

既有铁路 existing railway

新建铁路 newly-built railway

改建铁路 reconstructed railway

运营铁路 railway in operation； operation；

operating railway

专用铁路 special purpose railway

干线 trunk line； main line

支线 branch line

铁路专用线 railway special line

货运专线 railway line for freight traffic；

freight special line； freight traffic only

line

客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic；

passenger special line； passenger traffic

only line

客货运混合铁路 railway line for mixed

passenger and freight traffic

铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of

railway； operating distance； revenue length

列车运行图 train diagram

铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway

区间 section

区段 district

轨距 rail gage； rail gauge

轮重 wheel load

轴重 axle load

最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load

限制轴重 axle load limited

限界 clearance； gauge

限界图 clearance diagram

铁路建筑限界 railway construction

clearance； structure clearance for railway；

railway struction gauge

基本建筑限界 fundamental construction

clearance； fundamental structure gauge

桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance；

bridge structure gauge

隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance；

tunnel structure gauge

铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for

限制速度 limited speed； speed restriction

均衡速度 balancing speed

构造速度 construction speed； design speed

最高速度 maximum speed

临界速度 critical speed

重载列车 heavy haul train

高速列车 high speed train

超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy

railway； vehicle gauge train

机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper 列车正面冲突 train collision

part of rolling stock 列车尾追 train tail collision

机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower 列车尾部防护 train rear end protection

part of rolling stock 伸缩运动 fore and aft motion

装载限界 loading clearance limit； loading 蛇行运动 hunting； nosing

gauge 列车压缩 train running in

阔大货物限界 clearance limit for freight 列车拉伸 train running out

with exceptional dimension； clearance limit 列车分离 train separation

for oversize commodities 列车颠覆 train overturning

接触网限界 clearance limit for overhead 列车动力学 train dynamics

contract wire； clearance limit for overhead 列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics

catenary system； overhead catenary system 机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock

gauge 纵向振动 longitudinal vibration

列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 横向振动 lateral vibration

轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation； wheel-rail 垂向振动 vertical vibration

interaction 摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration

粘着系数 adhesion coefficient 浮沉振动 bouncing； vibration

车轮滑行 wheel sliding； wheel skid 测滚振动 rolling ； vibration

车轮空转 wheel slipping 测摆振动 swaying； vibration

牵引种类 kinds of traction； category of 点头振动 pitching； nodding

traction 摇头振动 yawing； hunting

牵引方式 mode of traction 机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock

牵引定数 tonnage rating； tonnage of traction 机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling

装载系数 loading coefficient 纵向冲击 longitudinal impact

速度 speed 横向冲击 lateral impact

持续速度 continuous speed 垂向冲击 vertical impact

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货运站综合作业自动化 automation of

synthetic operations at freight station

编组场综合作业自动化 automation of

synthetic operations in marshalling yard

铁路运营信息系统 railway operation

information system

铁路数据交换系统 railway data exchange

system

铁路法 railway law

铁道法规 railway act

铁路条例 railway code

铁路技术管理规程 regulations of railway

technical operation

综合运输 comprehensive transport；

multi-mode transport； intermode transport

国际铁路联运 international railway through

traffic

大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway；

intercontinental railway； land-railway

国际联运协定 agreement of international

through traffic

国际联运议定书 protocol of international

through traffic

国际铁路联运公约 convention of

international railway through traffic

单位工程 unit project

分部工程 part project

预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study

项目建议书 proposed task of project

可行性研究 feasibility study

设计阶段 design phase； design stage

三阶段设计 three-step design； three-phase

design

design

一阶段设计 one-step design； one-phase

design

初步设计 preliminary design

技术设计 technical design

扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design；

expanded preliminary design

施工图设计 construction detail design；

working-drawing design

变更设计 altered design

设计概算 apporximate estimate of design；

budgetary estimate of design

个别概算 individual approximate estimate

综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate

总概算 sum of approximate estimate； total

estimate； summary estimate

修正总概算 amended sum of approximate

estimate； revised general estimate

调整总概算 adjusted sum of approximate

estimate

投资检算 checking of investment

预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for

budget

概算定额 rating of approximate estimate；

rating form for estimate

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行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 分项工程 item project

运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 两阶段设计 two-step design； two-phase

二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway

construction

铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway；

technical renovation of railway； betterment

and improvement of railway

铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of

railway； main techincal requirement of

railway

投资估算 investment estimate

估算指标 index of estimate

机械台班定额 rating per machine per team；

rating per machine-team

工程直接费 direct expense of project； direct

cost of project

工程间接费 indirect expense of project；

indirect cost of project

工程预备费 reserve fund of project

设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal

of design

铁路用地 right-of-way

铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance

调查测绘 survey and drawing of

investigation； investigation survey；

investigation surveying and sketching

地形调查 topographic survey

地貌调查 topographic feature survey；

geomorphologic survey

地质调查 geologic survey

经济调查 economic investigation； economic

survey

水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey

土石成分调查 survey of soil and rock

composition

土石物理力学性质 physical and mechanical

properties of soil and rock

土石分类 classification of soil and rock

地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation；

bearing capacity of ground； bearing of

subgrade

隧道围岩分级 classification of tunnel

surrounding rock

地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological

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map； surveying and sketching of geological

map

勘探 exploration； prospecting

挖探 excavation prospecting

钻探 boring； exploration drilling

物探 geophysical prospecting

室内测试 indoor test； laboratory test

原位测试 in situ test

静力触探 static sounding； static probing；

cone penetration test

动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test

区域地质 regional geology

工程地质 engineering geology

不良地质 unfavorable geology

特殊地质 special geology

工程地质条件 engineering geologic；

requirement； engineering geologic condition

气象资料 meteorological data

冻结深度 freezing depth

地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake；

seismic basic intensity

工程地质图 engineering geological map

地层柱状图 column diagram of stratum；

graphic logs of strata； drill log of stratum

洪水调查 flood survey

河道调查 river course survey

冰凌调查 ice floe survey； frazil ice survey

汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin

characteristics

水文断面 hydrologic sectional drawing；

dydrologic section； hydrologic

cross-section

主河槽 main river channel

设计流速 design current velocity

竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 标准贯入试验 standard penetration test

设计高程；设计标高 design elevation

河流比降 slope of river； comparable horizon

of river

历史洪水位 historic flood level

最高水位 highest water level； HWL

通航水位 navigation water level； NWL

桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert

水利半径 hydraulic radius

桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of

桥渡勘测设计 survey and design of bridge

crossing

水面坡度 slope of water surface

水文测量 hydrological survey

泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow

分水岭 watershed； dividing ridge

汇水面积 catchment area； water collecting

area； drainage area

洪水频率 flood frequency

设计流量 design discharge

设计水位 design water level

施工水位 construction level； construction

water level； working water level

设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph

容许冲刷 allowable scour

一般冲刷 general scour

局部冲刷 local scour； partial scour

横断面测量 cross leveling； cross-section

survey； cross-section leveling

线路测量 route survey； profile survey；

longitudinal survey

既有线测量；旧线测量 survey of existing

railway

线路复测 repetition survey of existing

railway； resurvey of existing railway

测量精度 survey precision； precision of

均方差；中误差 mean square error

最大误差；极限误差 maximum error； limiting

error

中线测量 center line survey

中线桩 center line stake

加桩 additional stake； plus stake

外移桩 shift out stake； stake outward；

offset stake

水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling

中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling

曲线控制点 curve control point

放线 setting-out of route； lay out of route

交点 intersection point

副交点 auxiliary intersection point

转向角 deflection angle

分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle

坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth

象限角 quadrantal angle

经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate

断链 broken chain

投影断链 projection of broken chain

断高 broken height

铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial

photogrammetry

铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying

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bridge； top water level in front of bridge survey

三、铁路测量 railway survey

线路踏勘；草测 route reconnaissance

初测 preliminary survey

定测 location survey； alignment； final

location survey

导线测量 traversing； traverse survey

光电导线 photoelectric traverse

地形测量 topographical survey

航带设计 flight strip design； design of

flight strip

铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway

engineering geology

测段 segment of survey

航测选线 aerial surveying alignment

航测外控点 field control point of

aerophotogrammetry

像片索引图 index of photography

三角测量 trigonometric survey；

triangulation

精密导线测量 precise traverse survey；

accurate traverse survey

三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling

隧道洞外控制测量 outside tunnel control

survey

隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey；

through survey

隧道洞口投点 horizontal point of tunnel

portal； geodetic control point of portal

location of adit

桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis

铁路选线 railway location； approximate

railway location； location of railway route

selection

平原地区选线 location in plain region； plain

location

越岭选线 location of mountain line； location

of line in mountain region； location over

mountain

山区河谷选线 mountain and valley region

location； location of line of in mountain and

valley region

丘陵地段选线 hilly land location； location

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of line on hilly land

工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location

of line

线间距 distance between centers of tracks；

midway between tracks

车站分布 distribution of stations

方案比选 scheme comparison； route

alternative

纸上定线 paper location of line

缓坡地段 section of easy grade； section of

gentle slope

紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade

非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade；

section fo insufficient grade

导向线 leading line； alignment guiding line

拔起高度；克服高度 height of lifting；

lifting height； ascent of elevation

横断面选线 cross-section method of railway

location； location with cross-section

method； cross-section method for location of

line

展线 extension of line； development of line；

line development

展线系数 coefficient of extension line；

coefficient of development line

套线 overlapping line

线路平面图 track plan； line plan

线路纵断面图 track profile； line profile

站坪长度 length of station site

站坪坡度 grade of station site

控制区间 control section； controlling

section

最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve

圆曲线 circular curve

全球定位系统 global positioning system； GPS 投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost

单曲线 simple curve

缓和曲线 transition curve； easement curve；

spiral transition curve

缓和曲线半截变更率 rate of easement

curvature； rate of transition curve

复曲线 compound curve

同向曲线 curves of same sense； adjacent

curves in one direction

反向曲线 reverse curve； curve of opposite

sense

夹直线 intermediate straight line； tangent

between curves

坡度 grade； gradient； slope

人字坡 double spur grade

限制坡度 ruling grade； limiting grade

最大坡度 maximum grade

临界坡度 critical grade

动力坡度 momentum grade

均衡坡度 balanced grade

有害地段 harmful district

无害地段 harmless district

变坡点 point of gradient change； breake in

grade

坡段 grade section

坡段长度 length of grade section

坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent

gradients

竖曲线 vertical curve

分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign

gradient

缓和坡度 slight grade； flat grade； easy

grade

起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting

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加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration；

accelerating grade

坡度折减 compensation of gradient； gradient

compensation； grade compensation

曲线折减 compensation of curve； curve

compesation

隧道坡度折减 compensation of gradient in

tunnel； compensation grade in tunnel

绕行地段 detouring section； round section

换侧；换边 change side of double line

容许应力设计法 allowable stress design

method

破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method

极限状态设计法 limit state design method

概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法

地震系数法 seismic coefficient method

四、路基 subgrade；road bed； formation

岩石路基 rock subgrade

渗水土路基 permeable soil subgrade；

pervious embankment

非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade；

impervious embankment

特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil

软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone；

subgrade in soft； clay region

泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone； subgrade

in morass region； subgrade in swampland

膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基 subgrade in

swelling soil zone； subgrade in expansive

soil region

盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone；

subgrade in saline soil region

多年冻土路基 subgrade in permafrost soil

加力牵引坡度 pusher grade； assisting grade probabilisatic limit state design method

长大坡度 long steep grade； long heavy grade subgrade

zone

特殊条件下的路基 subgrade under special

condition

河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach

滨河路堤 embankment on river bank

水库路基 subgrade in reservoir； embankment

crossing reservoir

崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district；

subgrade in collapse zone

岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone；

subgrade in talus zone； subgrade in scree

zone

滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide

岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in

karst zone

洞穴地段路基 subgrade in cavity zone；

subgrade in cavern zone

风沙地段路基 subgrade in windy and sandy

zone； subgrade in desert

雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone；

subgrade in snow disaster zone

路基横断面 subgrade cross-section

路基面 subgrade surface； formation

路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface；

formation width

路拱 road crown； subgrade crown

路肩 Road shoulder； subgrade shoulder

路肩高程 formation level； shoulder level

路堤 embankment； fill

路堑 cut； road； cutting

半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section； cut

and fill section

基床 subgrade bed； formation

基床表层 surface layer of subgrade bed；

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formation top layer； surface layer of

subgrade

基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade； formation

base layer； bottom layer of subgrade bed

一般路基 general subgrade； ordinary

subgrade

最小填筑高度 minimum fill height of

subgrade； minimum height of fill

临界高度 critical height

基底 foundation base； base

路堤边坡 side slope of embankment； fill

slope talus

坡脚 toe of side slope

护道 berm

取土坑 borrow pit

路堤填料 embankment fill material；

embankment filler； filling material of

embankment

填料分类 classification of filling material

岩块填料 rock block filler； rock filler；

rock fill

coarse-grained soil fill

细粒土填料 fine-grained soil filler；

fine-grained soil fill

压实标准 compacting criteria

相对密度 relative density

压实系数 compacting factor； compacting

coefficient

最佳含水量 optimum moisture content； best

moisture content

最佳密度 optimum density； best density

核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear

density-moisture

路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slab

泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 粗粒土填料 coarse-grained soil filler；

of subgrade

预留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement

allowance

反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for

back pressure； counter swelling berm

石灰砂桩 lime sand pile

换土 change soil； soil replacement

爆破排淤 blasting discharging

sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion；

discharge of sedimentation by blasting

抛石挤淤 throwing stones to packing

sedimentation； packing sedimentation by

throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by

dumping stones

路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock

blasting in cut

定向爆破 directional blasting

浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting

深孔爆破 deep hole blasting

洞室药包爆破 chamber explosive package

blasting； chamher blasting

扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment

blasting

抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting

松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock

药壶爆破 pot hole blasting

裸露腰包爆破 adobe blasting； contact

blasting

路堑边坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut

堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting

路堑平台 platform of cutting； berm in

cutting

弃土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank

五、防护工程Protection works

挡土墙 retaining wall

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重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall

衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall；

gravity retaining wall with relieving

platform； balanced type retaining wall

锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie

rods； anchored bulkhead retaining wall；

anchored plate retaining wall

加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining

wall； reinforced soil retaining wall

锚杆挡墙 anchored bolt retaining wall；

anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods

管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall

沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall

抗滑桩 anti-slide pile； counter-sliding

pile

护墙 guard wall

护坡 slope protection； revetment； pitching

排水沟 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain

ditch

边沟；侧沟 side ditch

天沟 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting

ditch

吊沟 suspended ditch

跌水 hydraulic drop

截水沟 intercepting ditch； catch-drain

急流槽 chute

排水槽 drainage channel

渗水暗沟 blind drain

渗水隧洞 leak tunnel； permeable tunnel；

drainage tunnel

渗井 leaching well； seepage well

渗管 leaky pipe

平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage

反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted

filter； protective filter

检查井 inspection well； manhole

砂井；排水砂井 sand drain

透水路堤 pervious embankment； permeable

embankment

渗水路堤 immerseable embankment

排水砂垫层 sand filled drainage layer；

drainage sand blanker

坡面防护 slope protection

护岸 revetment； shore protection

导流堤 diversion dike

拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling

wall； buttree

落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for

catching falling rocks

柴排 firewood raft； mattress； willow

fascine

固沙造林 stabilization for sands by

afforestation

挡风墙 wind-break wall

防风栅栏 wind break fence

砂土液化 sand liquefaction

六、桥梁 bridge

中-活载 CR-live loading； China railway

standard loading

桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge

桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum

换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load

设计荷载 design load

主力 principal load

恒载 dead load

土压力 earth load

静水压力 hydrostatic pressure

浮力 buoyancy

列车活载 live load of train

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列车离心力 centrifugal force of train

列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train

人行道荷载 sidewalk loading

附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load

列车制动力 braking force of train

列车牵引力 tractive force of train

风荷载 wind load

列车横向摇摆力 lateral swaying force of

train

流水压力 pressure of water flow

冰压力 ice pressure

冻胀力 frost heaving force

特殊荷载 particular load

船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship

or raft

地震力 seismic force

地震烈度 earthquake intensity

地震震级 earthquake magnitude

施工荷载 constructional loading

荷载组合 loading conbination

铁路桥 railway bridge

公铁两用桥 combined bridge； combined

highway and railway bridge； combined

rail-cum-road bridge

跨线桥；立交桥 overpass bridge； grade

separation bridge； flyover

高架桥 viaduct

旱桥 dry bridge

人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge

圬工桥 masonry bridge

钢桥 steel bridge

铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge

栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge

全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge

隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact

摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction

grip bolt

扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength

blot

螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator

混凝土桥 concrete bridge

钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge

预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge

先张法预应力梁 pretensioned prestressed

concrete girder

后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed

concrete girder

部分预应力混凝土桥 partially prestressed

concrete bridge

结合梁桥 composite beam bridge

低高度梁 shallow girder

无碴无枕梁 girder without ballast and

sleeper

型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with

rolled steel section encased in concrete；

skeleton reinforced concrete girder

简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge

连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge

悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge

板桥 slab bridge

空心板桥 hollow slab bridge

板梁 plate girder

工形梁 I-beam

箱形梁 box girder

槽形梁 trough girder

桁架 truss

拆装式桁架 demountable truss

刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge

斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge；

slant-legged rigid frame bridge

11

悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge

悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge

斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge

浮桥 pontoon bridge； floating bridge；

bateau bridge

拱桥 arch bridge

固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch

双铰拱 two-hinged arch

三铰拱 three-hinged arch

实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch； solid-spandrel

arch

空腹拱 open-spandrel arch

双曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved

arch

系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch

榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge；

flexible arch bridge with rigid tie

洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥 Lohse

bridge； rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and

vertical sespenders

尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge

尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥

Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge

with fighd tie and inclined suspenders

活动桥 movable bridge

竖旋桥 bascule bridge

平旋桥 swing bridge

升降桥 lift bridge

正交桥 right bridge

斜交桥 skew bridge

曲线桥 curved bridge

曲梁 curved beam

特大桥 super maior bridge

大桥 major bridge

中桥 medium bridge

小桥 minor bridge

单线桥 single track bridge

双线桥 double track bridge

多线桥 multi-track bridge

正桥； 主桥 main bridge

引桥 approach spans

上承式桥 deck bridge

半穿式桥；中承式 half through bridge；

midheight deck bridge

下承式桥 through bridge

双层桥 double-deck bridge

永久性桥 permanent bridge

临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge

跨径；跨度 span

净跨 clear span

桥梁全长 overall length of bridge

桥下净空 underneath clearance

主梁中心距 center to center distance between

main girder

节间长度 panel length

梁高 depth of girder

拱度 camber

挠度 deflection

节间 panel

锚跨；锚孔 anchor span

悬跨；吊孔 suspended span

桥梁上部结构 superstructure

腹板 web plate

翼缘 flange

翼缘板 flange plate

弦杆 chord member

腹杆 web member

斜杆 diagonal member

竖杆 vertical member

吊杆 suspender hanger

12

加劲杆 stiffener

节点 panel point

节点板 gusset plate

拼接板 splice plate

缀条 lacing bar

缀板 stay plate； tie plate

侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing

横联 sway bracing

制动撑架 braking bracing

桥门架 portal frame

纵梁 stringer

横梁 floor beam； transverse beam

桥面系 floor system

端横梁 end floor beam

起重横梁 jacking floor beam

梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling

angle change

应变时效 strain ageing

碳当量 carbon equivalent

钢丝 steel wire

钢丝束 bundled steel wires

钢绞线 steel strand

钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar

箍筋 stirrup

纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement

弯起钢筋 bent-up bar

架立钢筋 erection bar

构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement

预应力筋 tendon

套管 sheath

梁腋 haunch

拱圈 arch ring

拱肋 arch rib

拱顶 rach crown

拱矢 rise of arch

起拱点 springing

拱腹 soffit

拱腹线 intrados

拱背钱 extrados

桥塔 bridge tower； pylon

索平面 cable plane

缆索 cable

斜缆 stay cable； inclined cable

吊缆 suspension cable

索鞍 cable saddle

索夹 cable band； cable clamp

锚座 socket

锚碇 anchorage

明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open

floor

桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough

道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor

桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge

桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge

桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper

桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge

步行板 foot plank

避车台 refuge platform

伸缩缝 expansion joint

正交异性板 orthotropic plate

栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing

泻水孔 drainage opening

直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel

girders

抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector

支座 bearing

固定支座 fixed bearing

平板支座 plate bearing

摇轴芝座 rocker bearing

13

滚轴支座 roller bearing

球面支座 spherical bearing

板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing

盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing

聚四氯乙烯支座 poly-tetrafluoroedthylene

bearing； PTFE bearing

涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation

弛振 galloping

颤振 flutter

扰流板 spoiler

风嘴 wind fairing

桥梁自振周期 natural vibration period of

bridge

浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating

架桥机架设法 erection by bridge girder

erecting equipment

顶推式架设法 erection by incremental

launching

拖拉架设法 launching method

赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding

悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by

protrusion

悬臂灌注法 cast-in-place cantilever

construction； free cantilever segmental

concreting with suspended formwork

悬臂拼装法 cantilevered assembling

constrution； free cantilever erection with

segments of precast concrete

预制混凝土构件 precast concrete units；

precast concrete members

活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span

construction using form traveller

就地贯注法 cast-in-place method；

cast-in-situ method

活动支座 expension bearing； movable bearing 桥梁合龙 closure

活动吊篮 travelling cradle

顶进法 jack-in method

液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack

桥梁下部结构 substructure

桥台 abutment

重力式桥台 gravity abutment

埋置式桥台 buried abutment

锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutment

U形桥台 U-shaped abutment

耳墙式桥台 abutment with cantilevered

retaining wall

台身 abutment body

前墙 front wall

台帽 abutment coping

翼墙 wing wall

锥体护坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone

banking

台后填方 filling behind abutment

桥墩 pier

空心桥墩 hollow pier

实体桥墩 solid pier

重力式桥墩 gravity pier

柔性桥墩 flexible pier

拼装式桥墩 assembly pier； pier constructed

with precast units

制动墩 braking pier

柱式桥墩 column pier

V形桥墩 V-shaped pier

圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier

圆形桥墩 circular pier

矩形桥墩 rectangular pier

排架式桥墩 pile bent pier

墩身 pier body； pier shaft

墩帽 pier coping

14

围栏 railing around coping of pier or

abutment

破冰体 ice apron； ice-breaking cutwater；

ice guard

地基 foundation； foundation soil； subgrade

加固地基 improved foundation； improved

ground

天然地基 natural foundation； natural ground

桥梁基础 bridge foundation

扩大基础 spread foundation

明挖基础 open-cut foundation； open

excavation foundation

沉井基础 open caisson foundation

浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation

沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson

围堰 cofferdam

双壁钢围堰钻孔基础 double wall steel

cofferdam bored foundation

预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell

bored foundation

泥浆套沉井法 slurry jacket method for

sinking caisson

空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking

caisson

沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation

管柱基础 tubular column foundation

桩基础 pile foundation

预制桩 precast pile

就地灌注桩 cast-in-place concrete pile；

cast-in-situ concrete pile

螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile

摩擦桩 friction pile

支承桩 bearing pile

钻孔桩 bored pile

旋转法施工；转体施工 erection by swing method 承台 bearing platform

挖孔桩 dug pile

钢桩 steel pile

钢管桩 steel pipe pile

钢板桩 steel sheet pile

板桩 sheet pile

木桩 timber pile

钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile

砂桩 sand pile

挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile

流砂 quick sand； drift sand

送桩 pile follower

试桩 test pile

斜桩 batter pile； raking pile； spur pile

护筒 pile casting

重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method

灰土换填夯实法 mothod of lime-soil

replacement and tamping

灌注水下混凝土 underwater concreting；

concreting with tremie method

导流建筑物 regulating structure

丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike

顺坝 longitudinal dam

河床铺砌 river bed paving

码头 wharf

排架 bent

脚手架 scaffold

七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert

涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert

管涵 pipe culvert

箱涵 box culvert

拱涵 arch culvert

盖板涵 slab culvert

无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert

压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert

15

半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert

明渠 open channel； open ditch； open drain

倒虹吸管 inverted siphon

潮汐河流 tidal river

淤积 silting； siltation

流冰 ice drift

铁路轮渡 railway car ferries

轮渡站 ferry station

轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge

渡轮 ferry boat

轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip

八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel

山岭隧道 mountain tunnel

越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel

水下隧道；水地隧道 subaqueous tunnel；

underwater tunnel

地铁隧道 subway tunne； underground railway

tunnel

浅埋隧道 shallow tunnel； shallow-depth

tunnel； shallow burying tunnel

深埋隧道 deep tunnel； deep-depth tunnel；

deep burying tunnel

单线隧道 single track tunnel

双线隧道 double track tunnel

多线隧道 multiple track tunnel

车站隧道 station tunnel

特长隧道 super long tunnel

长隧道 long tunnel

中长隧道 medium tunnel

短隧道 short tunnel

隧道 tunnel group

地铁工程 subway engineering； metro

engineering

洞口 tunne ladit； tunnel opening

悬空脚手架 hanging stage； hanging scaffold 地铁车站 subway station； metro station

隧道进口 tunnel entrance

隧道出口 tunnel exit

迎坡；正面坡 front slope

洞门 tunnel portal

洞门框 tunnel portal frame

端墙式洞门 end wall tunnel portal

柱式洞门 post tunnel portal

翼墙式洞门 wing wall tunnel portal

耳墙式洞门 ear wall tunnel portal

台阶式洞门 bench tunnel portal

正洞门 orthonormal tunnel portal； straight

tunnel portal

斜洞门 skew tunnel portal

明洞门 open-cut-tunnel portal； gallery

portal

衬砌 lining

拱圈 arch

边墙 side wall

仰拱 invert； inverted arch

底板 floor

整体式衬砌 integral lining

装配式衬砌 precast lining； prefabricated

lining

模筑衬砌 moulded lining

洞口段衬砌 lining of tunnel portal section

偏压衬砌 unsymmetrically loading lining；

eccentrically compressed lining

组合衬砌；复合衬砌 composite lining

初期支护 primary support

二次衬砌 secondary lining

隔离层 isolation layer

喷锚衬砌 shorcrete bolt lining

下锚段衬砌；接触网锚段衬砌 anchor-section

lining

挤压混凝土衬砌 extruding concrete tunnel

16

lining

隔热层 thermal insulation layer

明洞 open-cut tunnel； tunnel without cover；

gallery

拱形明洞 arch open cut tunnel； arch tunnel

without cover； arch gallery

棚洞 shed tunnel； shed gallery

路堑式明洞 cut-type open cut tunnel；

cut-type tunnel without cover； cut-type

gallery

半路堑式明洞 part cut-type open cut tunnel；

part cut-type tunnel without cover； part

cut-type gallery

抗滑明洞 anti-skid-type open cut tunnel；

anti-skid-type tunnel without cover；

anti-skid-type gallery

盖板式棚洞 slab shed tunnel； slab shed

gallery

刚架式棚洞 framed shed tunnel； framed shed

gallery

悬臂式棚洞 cantilever shed tunnel；

cantilever shed gallery

隧道专家系统 expert system of tunnel

围岩 surrounding rock

围岩压力 pressure of surrounding rock

地层压力 ground pressure； stratum pressure

松弛压力 relaxation pressure

形变压力 deformation pressure

围岩自承能力 self-supporting capacity of

surrounding rock

坑道自稳时间 self-stabilization time of

tunnel

弹性抗力 elastic resistance

灌浆压力 grouting pressure

落石冲击力 impact force of falling stone

隧道埋置深度；埋深 buried depth of tunnel

地温梯度 geothermal dradient

地应力 crustal stress

预留变形量 deformation allowance

暗挖法 subsurface excavation method

明挖法 open-cut method

钻眼爆破法 drilling and blasting method

喷锚构筑法 shotcrete-bolt construction

method

掘进机法 tunnel boring machine method

盾构法 shield method

沉管法 immersed tunnelling method

地下连续墙法 underground diaphragm wall

method； underground wall method； diaphragm

wall method

全断面开挖法 full-face tunnelling method

分部开挖法 partial excavation method

台阶法 benching tunnelling method

method

超前导坑 advance heading

扩大 enlargement

拉槽 pull trough； trench excavated

马口 excavation of side wall at intervals

控制爆破 controlled blasting

预裂爆破 presplit blasting

先拱后墙法 arch first lining method； flying

arch method

开挖工作面 excavated surface； excavated

work face

超挖 overbreak

欠挖 underbreak

顶 top cleaning

出碴 mucking and removing

有轨运输 track transportation

无规运输 trackless transportation

拱圈封顶 closing the toop of lining

矿山法 mining method； mine tunneling method 光面爆破 smooth blasting

新奥法 New Austrian Tunnelling Method； NATM 先墙后拱法 side wall first lining method

正台阶法 positive benching tunnelling method 墙顶封口 seal； seal at the top of wall

反台阶法 negative benching tunnelling method 喷射混凝土回弹 rebound of shotcrete

导坑 heading

上下导坑法 top and bottom heading method

上导坑法 top-heading method

漏斗棚架法 hopper-shed support tunnelling

method

蘑菇形开挖法 mushroom-type tunnelling

method

侧壁导坑法 side heading method

单侧导坑法 single side heading method

双侧导坑法 twin-side heading method

品字形导坑法 top and twin-side bottom

heading method

眼睛式开挖法 spectacles type tunnelling

17

隧道贯通 tunnel holing-through

隧道贯通误差 tunnel through error

隧道贯通面 tunnel through plane

临时支护 temporary support

构件支撑 member support

钢拱支撑 steel arch support

喷射混凝土支护 shotcrete support

锚杆支护 anchor bolt support

喷锚支护 shotcrete and rock bolt support

系统锚杆 system anchor bolt

超前支护 advance support

超前锚杆 advance anchor bolt

插板支护 inserting plate support；

forepoling

小导管预注浆 pre-grouting with small duct

管棚支护 pipe-shed support； pipe roofing

support

格构拱；钢花拱；格棚拱 trellis arch； lattice

arch

喷射混凝土 shotcrete； spray concrete

干喷混凝土 dry shotcreting

湿喷混凝土 wet shotcreting

潮喷混凝土；半湿喷混凝土 half set

shotcreting

喷射钢纤维混凝土 steel fiber shotcrete；

steel fiber reinforced shotcrete

防水混凝土 waterproof concrete

预切槽 precutting trough

辅助坑道 service gallery

竖井 shaft

斜井 inlined shaft

横洞 transverse gallery

平行导坑 parallel heading

横通道 transverse passage-way

调查坑道 investigation gallery； survey

tunnel

竖井联系测量 shaft connection survey

隧道防水 waterproofing of tunnel

防水等级 classification of waterproof

防水层 waterproof layer

防水板 waterproof board； waterproof sheet

防水涂层 waterproofing coating

隧道压浆 pressure grouting of tunnel

止水带 water stop tie

盲沟 blind ditch

泻水洞 drain cavern； drain tunnel

自然通风 natural ventilation

18

机械通风 mechanical ventilation

风道式通风 ventilation by air passage

隧道通风帘幕 ventilation curtain

列车活塞作用 piston action of train

隧道射流式通风 tunnel efflux ventilation；

tunnel injector type ventilation

隧道通风试验 tunnel ventilation test

隧道施工通风 construction ventilation of

tunnel

风管式通风 ventilation by pipes

巷道式通风 ventilation by ducts

隧道照明 tunnel illumination； tunnel

lighting

隧道防灾设施 tunnel anti-disaster equipment

避车洞 refuge hole； refuge recess； refuge

niche

隧道火灾 tunnel fire hazard

隧道报警装置 tunnel warning equipment

隧道消防系统 tunnel fire-fighting system

隧道瓦斯爆炸 tunnel gas explosion

隧道监控量测 tunnel monitoring measurement

隧道地表沉降 tunnel ground subsidence

隧道拱顶下沉 tunnel arch top settlement

隧道底鼓 tunnel floor heave

隧道周边位移 tunnel perimeter deflection

隧道地中位移 tunnel surrounding mass

deflection

隧道改建 tunnel reconstruction

隧道落底 under cut of tunnel

隧道挑顶 top picking of tunnel

隧道套拱 cover arch of tunnel

九、施工调查

construction investigation

征地 expropriation

隧道运营通风 permanent ventilation of tunnel 施工准备 construction preparation

拆迁 removing

租地 rented land

交接桩 delivery-receiving stake

施工复测 construction repetition； repetive

survey； construction repetition survey

测量放样 staking out in survey

土石方调配 cut-fill transition

土石方体积图；土积图 volume diagram of

earth-rock work

隐蔽工程 hidden project； hidden

construction work

废弃工程 abandoned project； abandoned

construction work

工程运输 engineering transportation

冬季施工 cold weather construction； winter

season construction

雨季施工 raining season construction； rainy

season construction

十、工程招标、投标

工程招标 calling for tenders of project；

calling for tending of project

工程投标 bidding for project

工程报价 project quoted price

工程发包 contracting out of project

工程承包 contracting of project

工程监理 supervision of construction；

supervision of project

总预算 total budget

单项预算 individual budget

建筑业总产值 total output of building

industry

指导性施工组织设计 design for guiding

construction organization； guiding design

for construction scheme

实施性施工组织设计 design for practical

19

construction organization； practical design

for construction scheme； operative

construction organization design

临时工程 temporary project

大型临时工程 large-scale temporary project

小型临时工程 small-scale temporary project

过渡工程 transition project

控制工程 dominant project

关键工程 key project

辅助设施 auxiliary facilities

通车期限 time limit for opening to traffic

施工总工期 total time of construction； total

construction time

施工组织方案 construction scheme

开工报告 report on starting of construction

work； commencement report of construction

work； construction starting report

竣工报告 completion report of construction

work

施工计划管理 planned management of

construction

网络计划技术 network planning technique

施工工艺流程 construction technology

process； construction process

工法制度 construction method system

施工产值 construction output value

施工利润 construction profit

施工机械利用率 utilization ratio of

construction machinery

施工机械完好率 ratio of construction

machinery in good condition

施工形象进度 construction figuue progress；

figurative progress of construction work

十一、机械设备

挖掘机 excavating machine； excavator

单斗挖土机 power shovel

索铲挖土机 dragline

反铲挖土机 backhoe

蛤壳式抓斗 clamshell bucket

推土机 bulldozer

铲运机 scoper； scraper； carrying scraper

装载机 loader

带式输送机 belt conveyer

平地机 grader

振动碾压机 vibration compactor vibration

roller

压路机 roller

潜孔钻机 diving drill

凿岩机 air hammer drill； rock drill

碎石机 crusher

挖沟机 trench cutting machine； trenching

machine； trencher

塔式起重机 tower crane； column crane

汽车式起重机 automobile crane； autocrane；

truck crane

轮胎式起重机 rubber tired crane；

rough-terrain crane

履带式起重机 crawler crane； caterpiller

crane

轨道起重机 track crane； rail crane

浮式起重机；浮吊 floating crane

缆索起重机 cable crane

空中索道 aerial ropway

电动卷扬机 electric winch

电动吊车；电动葫芦 electric hoist

千斤顶 jack

打桩机 pile driver

蒸汽打桩机 steam pile driver； steam pile

hammer

柴油打桩机 diesel pile driver

20

液压打桩机 hydraulic pile driver

振动打桩机 vibrating pile driver； vibratory

driver

振动沉拨桩机 vibro-driver extractor

静压力拨桩机 static pressure pile extractor；

static pressure pile drawing machine

履带式桩架 crawler pile frame

旋转式钻机 swiveling drill machine； rotary

drill machine

灌水钻机 diving drill machine

套管钻机 drill machine with casting

冲击式钻机 impact-type drill machine；

percussion type drill machine

离心水泵 centrifugal pump

真空水泵 vacuum pump

深井水泵 deep well pump

轴流水泵 axial flow pump

清水泵 driving pump

往复式空气压缩机 reciprocating compressor

螺杆式空气压缩机 screw compressor

单转子滑片式空压机 single rotary compressor

水泥输送泵 cement pump

混凝土搅拌机 concrete mixer

鼓筒式混凝土搅拌机 drum concrete mixer

锥形反转出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered reverse

tilting concrete mixer

锥形倾翻出料混凝土搅拌机 tapered tilting

concrete mixer

强制式混凝土搅拌机 forced concrete mixer

混凝土搅拌楼 concrete mixing plant

简易混凝土搅拌站 simple concrete mixing

plant

混凝土搅拌运输车 concrete mixing and

transporting car； truck mixer； transit mixer

混凝土输送泵 concrete pump

混凝土泵车 concrete pump truck

混凝土吊斗 concrete lifting bucket

钢筋调直机 bar straightener

钢筋切断机 bar cutter

钢筋弯曲机 bar bender

钢筋冷拉机 bar cold-drawing machine

插入式混凝土振捣器 immersion type vibrator

for concrete

附着式混凝土振捣器 attached type vibrator

for concrete； attached type vibrator

平板式混凝土振捣器 plate vibrator

混凝土振动台 concrete vibrating stand

长线张拉台座 stretching bed for longline

production

斜撑桅杆式架梁起重机 cross stay derrick

girder erecting machine

全回转式架梁起重机 full circle girderr

erecting crane

双悬臂式架桥机 double cantilever

girder-erecting machine

单梁式架桥机 single beam girder-erecting

machine

双梁式架桥机 double beam girder-erecting

machine

组拼式架桥机 assembly type girer-erecting

machine

造桥机 bridge fabrication machine

工程船舶 engineering ship； engineering

vessel

舟桥 bateau bridge

浮箱 floating box； pontoon

模板 form

组合钢模板 combined steel formwork

滑动模板 slip form

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爬升模板 climbing shuttering

砌拱支架；碗扣式脚手架 soffit scaffolding

风镐 air pick； pneumatic pick

凿岩台车；钻孔台车 rock drilling jumbo

立爪式装岩机 vertical claw rock loader

蟹爪式装岩机 crab rock loader

梭式矿车 shutter car

槽式列车 bunker train

电瓶车 storage battery car

斗车 bucker loader

大型矿车 large scale ore car

装岩机 rock loader

干喷混凝土机 dry shotcreting machine

湿喷混凝土机 wet shotcreting machine

半湿喷混凝土机 half wet shotcreting machine

喷射混凝土机械手 shotcrete manipulator

风动凿岩机 pneumatic rock drill

手持式凿岩机 portable rock drill； jack

hammer

通风机 ventilating set； ventilating

machine； ventilator

注浆机 grouting machine； grouter

注浆泵 grouting pump； injection pump

隧道衬砌模板台车 working jumbo for tunnel

lining； tunnelling shutter jumbo for tunnel

lining

隧道掘进机 tunnel boring machine； TBM

盾构 shield

接触网架线车 installation vehicle for

contact wire

接触网作业车 operation vehicle for contract

自卸汽车 dumping truck

斗式提升机 bucket elevator

十二、安全质量

万能杆件 fabricated universal steel members wire

安全技术措施 safety techincal measures

安全教育 safety education

事故报告 accident report

灾害性地质 disaster geology

突泥 projecting mud soil

突水 gushing water

冒顶 roof fall

岩爆 rock burst

瓦斯突出 gas projection

瓦斯浓度 gas density； gas consistency

掏底开挖；挖神仙土 cut the vertical earthwork

bottom

施工防护 construction protection

线路封锁 track blockade； closure of track；

traffic interruption

防护音响信号 protecting acoustic signal

覆盖防护 covered protection

近体防护 nearby protection

安全标志 safety mark； safety symbol； safety

indicator

停车防护 stopping train protection；

standing train protection

安全距离 safety distance

人员掩蔽所 hiding-place for personnel

待遇所 refuge place

安全地点 safety place

安全帽 safety cap； safety helmet

安全绳 safety rope safety strap

安全网 safety net

保险带 safety belt

安全梯 emergency staircase； fire escape

防护栏杆 protection railing

安全电压 safety voltage

消防设施 fire-fighting equipment

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防火门 fire protection gate

消防器材 fire-fighting apparatus and

materials

隔火带 fire protection strip

防火净距 fire protection distance

瓦斯治理 gas control

安全 safety explosion； explosive

charge； safety explosive

湿式凿岩 wet boring for rock； wet drilling

for rock

防尘 dust prevention； dust control

防滑鞋 antiskid shoe

绝缘鞋 insulant shoe

防坠器 falling protector

阻车器 stop device

安全装置 safety device； safety equipment

救生设施 lifesaving appliance

防雷装置 lighting protection device

保护地线 protective earth wire

保护接地 protective grounding

触电保安器 electric shock protector

防爆设施 blasting protection facilities

质量管理 quality management

质量保证 quality assurance

质量控制 quality control

质量体系 quality system

质量监督 quality surperintendence； quality

surveillance

工程质量检验 inspection of engineering

quality

隐蔽工程检查 hidden project inspection

取样试验检查 sampling inspection

丈量 measure

仪器检查 inspect by instrument

安全用电 safety in utilizing electric energy 自测 visual measurement； visual observation

全验 overall acceptance

抽验 selective acceptance

工程质量评定 evaluation of engineering

quality

工程质量验收 acceptance of engineering

quality

随工验收 acceptance following construction；

follow-up acceptance

中间验收 intermediate acceptance

缺陷工程 defect project； drawback project

合格工程 qualified project

样板工程 sample project

优质工程；优良工程 high grade project； high

quality project

施工验收 delivery-receiving acceptance

十三、工务段 track division；track district；

track maintenance division

养路领工区 track subdivision； track

maintenance subdivision

养路工区 track maintenance section；

permanent way gang

养路领工员 track master； track supervisor

养路工长 track foreman

养路工 trackman； machine operator； track

machanics

巡道工 track walker； track patrolling man

道口看守工 grade crossing watchman； level

crossing watchman

桥隧巡守工 bridge and tunnel watchman；

bridge and tunnel patrolling man

十四、轨道；线路上部建筑 track

轨道类型 classification of track； track

standard

轨道结构 track structure

有碴轨道 ballasted track

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无碴轨道 ballastless track

线路 track； permanent way

有缝线路 jointed track

无缝线路 continuously welded rail track；

jointless track

长轨线路 long welded rail track

轨排 track panel； track skeleton

轨节 rail link

长轨条 long rail string

轨道几何形位 track geometry

轨距加宽 gauge widening

螺旋曲线 spiral curve clothold curve

三次抛物线曲线 cubic parabola curve

曲线超高 superelevation cant； elevation of

curve

欠超高 deficient superlevation

过超高 surplus superelevation； excess

elevation

反超高 reverse superelevation； counter

superelevation； negative superelevation

未本平衡离心加速度 unbalaned cenrifugal

acceleraion

曲线正矢 curve versine

轨道力学 track mechanics

轨道动力学 track dynamics

轨道强度计算 track strength analysis

轨道几何状态恶化 track deterioration

轨道失效 track failure

轨道框架刚度 rigidity of track panel

道床系数 ballast coefficient； ballast

modulus

钢轨基础模量 rail supporting modulus ；track

moulus

钢轨支点弹性模量 modulus of elasticity of

rail support

轨道应力 track stresses

轨道稳定性 stability of track

接头阻力 joint resistance

道床阻力 ballast resistance

扣件扣压力 toe load of fastening

轮/轨接触应力 rail/wheel contact stress

钢轨 rail

轨头 rail head

轨腰 rail web

轨底 rail base； rail bottom

淬火轨 head hardened rail ； quenched rail

合金轨 alloy steel rail

合金淬火轨 head hardened alloy steel rail ；quenched alloy

耐磨轨 wear resistant rail

耐腐蚀轨 corrosion resistant rail

标准长度钢轨 standard length rail

短轨 short rail

缩短轨 standardshortened rail ； fabricated

short rail used on curves；sandard curtailed

rail

异形轨 compromise rail

护轨 guard rail； check rail

轨底坡 rail cant

钢轨工作边 gage line

轨缝；接头缝 rail gap；joint gap

构造轨缝 structural joint gap ；maximum joint

gap structurally obtainable

钢轨接头 rail joint

相对接头 opposite joint ；square joint

相错式接头；相互式接头 alternate joint ；

staggered joint ； broken joint

垫接接头；承接接头 supported joint

悬接接头 suspended joint

绝缘接头 insulated joint

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胶结绝缘接头 glued insulated joint

焊接接头 welded joint

冻结接头 frozen joint

异形接头 compromise joint

钢轨伸缩调节器；温度调节器 expansion rail

joint； rail expansion device； swith

expansion joint

接头联结零件 rail joint accessories ； rail

joint fastenings

接头夹板；鱼尾板 joint bar ； splice bar ；fish plate

平型双头夹板 flat joint bar

轨头地面接触夹板；锲型接头夹板 head contact

flat joint bar

轨腹上圆弧接触夹板；铰型接头夹板 head free

flat joint bar

带裙鱼尾板 aproned fish plate； fish plate

with apron

异型接头夹板 compromise joint bar

接头螺栓；鱼尾螺栓 track blolt ；fish bolt

钩螺栓 claw bolt ；hook bolt ；anchor bolt

扣件； 中间联结零件 rail fastening

分开式扣件 separated rail fastening ；

indirect holding fastening

不分开式扣件 nonseparated rail fastening ；

direct holding fastening

半分开式扣件 semi-separaed rail fastening ；

mixed holding fastening

弹性扣件 elasic rail fastening

道钉；狗头钉；钩头钉 track spike ；rail

spike ；dog spike

弹簧道钉 elastic rail spike

螺纹道钉 screw spike

螺栓螺纹钉 bolt-screw spike

硫磺锚固 sulphur cement mortar anchor ；

sulphur cement mortar anchorage

垫板 tie plate

橡胶垫板；弹性垫板 rubber tie plate

衬垫 pad

冻害垫板 frost heave board；track shim for

frost heaving roadbed ；frost shim

弹簧垫圈 spring washer

防爬器 anti-creeper； rail anchor

穿销防爬器 wedged rail anchor

弹簧防爬器 spring rail anchor

防爬支撑 anti-creep strut

轨撑 rail brace

轨距杆 gage tie bar； gage rod ； gage tie

绝缘轨距杆 insulated gage rod

轨下基础 sub-rail foundation ；sub-rail

track bed

轨枕 tie； cross tie ； sleeper

宽混凝土轨枕；轨枕板 broad concrete tie

纵向轨枕 longitudinal tie

板式轨道 slab-track

木枕；枕木 wooden tie

油枕 treated wooden tie

素枕 untreated wooden tie

钢枕 steel tie

混凝土枕 concrete tie

岔枕 switch tie ；turnout tie

短枕 short tie ；block tie

枕盒 crib

道床 ballast bed

整体道床 solid bed； integrated ballast bed；

monolithic concrete bed

沥青道床 asphalt cemented ballast bed

道碴层；道碴床 ballast layer

道碴 ballast

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Plant mixed concrete 厂拌混凝土

Ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土