单元音:(12个)
一、/ i:/ 一、字母e在开音节中:be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve
二、字母i的特殊发音:police, machine
3、字母组合ee :sweep, between, agree, sleep, seen, feel, feed,
cheese, keeper, bee, see, tree, three
4、字母组合ea:please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream,
disease, beach, least, tea, seat, read
五、字母组合ie :field, believe, thief, piece
六、字母组合ei : receive, deceive, perceive
7、字母组合ey: key
八、字母组合e-e:Pete, mete, these, Chinese
二、/ ɪ / 一、字母a在弱读中:village, passage, palace, necklace, encourage
二、字母e在弱读中: ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse,
repair, replay, forest, toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,
3、字母i在闭音节中:bring, did, ill, pick, fifty, English, ticket, village,
picnic, pumpkin, tourist, riddle, it, is, six, this
4、字母i的特殊发音:practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ə /
五、字母i在“ve”前:live, give
六、字母u的特殊发音:busy, business
7、字母组合ai 弱读:mountain, captain
八、字母组合ie: cookie
九、字母组合ay 弱读:Sunday, Monday
10、字母组合ey :monkey, money
1一、字母y 弱读:sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty
3、/ e / 一、字母a的特殊发音:many, any
二、字母e在闭音节中:bell, left, leg, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect
3、字母组合ea :bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather,
leather, weather
4、/ æ / 一、字母a在闭音节中:that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit,
panda, bank, channel, cat, cap,
二、字母a在“ve”前:have
五、/ ɜ:/ 一、字母组合or 在字母“w”后:work, word, world, worse, worth,
worker
二、字母组合er在重读音节中:her, German, term, thermos, prefer, person,
serve, nervous
3、字母组合ir:girl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt
4、字母组合ur:turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday
五、字母组合ear:heard, earth, early, year, learn, search
六、/ ə / 一、字母a在弱读中:banana, England, elephant, animal, another,
madam, several, probably, human, island, machine, comfortable
二、字母e在弱读中:broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel
3、字母o在弱读中:conductor, opposite, tonight, melon, police, produce,
collect, protect, pollute
4、字母u弱读中:unless, suppose, success
5、字母组合ou:famous, nervous
六、字母组合or在弱读中:forget
7、字母组合er做后缀时:under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father,
mother, supper
八、字母组合er在弱读中:concert, western, desert, shepherd
7、/ɑ:/ 一、字母a在字母“n”前:dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance,
banana
二、字母a在字母“s”“ss”前:ask, past, basket, class, glass, last, grass, basketball
3、字母a在 “th”前:father, rather, path
4、字母组合ar:hard, car, large, bookmark, mark, regard, barn,
chart, cart, hard, garden, park
五、字母组合al特殊发音: half
六、字母组合au特殊发音:laugh
7、字母组合are:are
八、字母组合ear:heart
八、/ ʌ / 一、字母o在“m, n, th”前:come, some, front, month, son,
Monday, monkey, money, another, brother, mother, nothing, other, none,
wonder 但tomb / u:/
二、字母o特殊发音:does, love, among, colour, discover
3、 字母u在闭音节中:must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumpling,
conductor, fun, butter, club, cup, much
4、字母组合ou:trouble, young, double, country, cousin, rough, encourage,
tough
五、字母组合oo的特殊发:blood, flood
九、/ɔ:/ 一、字母组合ough:bought, thought
二、字母组合or 的一般发音:for, short, boring, storm, corn, corner,
order, important, nor, horse, forty, morning
3、字母组合ar 在字母“w”或音标/w/后:war, quarter, towards
4、字母组合 al一般发音: wall, tall, ball, fall, hall
【注:字母组合al特殊发音 also, already, always, salt, so-called, although】
五、字母组合oor:floor, door
六、字母组合ore:before, more, score
7、字母组合our:four, yours, course, fourth
八、字母组合 au:August, autumn, pause, audience, caught, taught
九、字母组合 aw:draw, law
10、/ ɒ / 1、字母a在“w”前“wh”后:what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但:water /ɔ:/
二、字母o在闭音节中:John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foggy,
across, possible, cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, long
3、字母组合au的特殊发音:because
1一、/ u:/ 一、字母o在“wh”后:who, whose, whom
2、字母o的特殊发音:move, do, two, improve, lose
3、字母u在“l”前后:blue, ruler, flu, rule
4、字母u的特殊发音:June, truth, pollute, true
五、字母组合ou:group, soup, through
六、字母组合 oo 的一般发音:afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon,
pool, school, noodle, spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too
7、字母组合oo的特殊发音:food, seafood
八、字母组合ew的特殊发音:drew
1二、/ ʊ / 一、字母u的特殊发音:put, push, sugar, full, pull
二、字母组合oo,一般在字母“k, d, t”前:book, look, good, foot, cook,
wood
3、字母组合oo在弱读中:classroom, bedroom, sitting-room, cookie
双元音:(8个)
一、/eɪ/ 一、字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本音:name, page, date, lazy,
café, wave, cake, face, plate (和单词:paper, baby, table, radio)
二、字母组合ea:great, break
3、字母组合 ai一般情况下:train, fail, mainland, rail, straight, rain, maid, tail
4、字母组合ei: eight, eighth
五、字母组合ay在重读中:day, today, display, may, play, away
六、字母组合ey:they
二、/aɪ/ 一、字母i在开音节中:quite, side, outside, invite, dive,
twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time (和单词:driver, Friday)
二、字母i在“nd”前:kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese,
3、字母组合ie:die, lie
4、字母组合ei:neither, either
五、字母组合i(gh): high, light, right, night, bright
六、字母y在重读音节中:my, why, sky, by, fly
3、/ɔɪ/ 一、字母组合oi:noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil
二、字母组合oy:boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal
4、/əʊ/ 一、字母“o”在开音节中:hope, nose, ago, alone, piano,
notice, mobile, home, those, go, no, so, over
二、字母o在字母“ld”前:cold, old, hold, soldier
3、字母o在“st”前:most, post, almost, most
4、字母组合oa:boat, goat, goal, coat, Joan但abroad发音为 /ɔ:/
五、字母组合ow:window, yellow, low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow
五、/aʊ/ 一、字母组合ow:how, cow, down, crowd, downstairs, shower, allow,
now
二、字母组合ou:house, trousers, found, ground, loud, mouth, mount,
without, proud, mouth, round, about
【注:字母组合our 发/aʊ ə /:our, ours, hour】
六、/ɪə/ 一、字母组合ea:idea, real, really, theatre, realize
二、字母组合ere:here
3、字母组合eer:ioneer, deer, beer, jeer
4、字母组合ear的一般发:near, hear, dear, appear, disappear, fear
7、/eə/ 一、字母组合are:careful, carefully, hare, care, dare, mare
二、字母组合air:hair, chair, downstairs, air, pair
3、字母组合eir:their, theirs
4、字母组合ere:there, where
五、字母组合ear:bear, dear, pear, tear
八、/ʊə/ 一、字母组合ua:February, January, usually
二、字母组合ure:sure
清辅音:(11个)
一、/ p / 字母p:map, pupil, paper, people
二、/ t / 字母t:ten, too, coat, what
3、/ k / 一、字母c在词前:cap, cook, clock, come, cold, close
二、字母组合ck:cock, Jack, chick, chicken, duck, black, ticket
3、字母组合ch的特殊发音:school, chemical, chemistry
4、字母k:Kate, look, book, like
4、/ f / 字母f 的一般发音。life, for, five, four, fifty, first, knife
五、/ θ / 字母组合th 【一般在名词、数词、形容词、动词中发音】:maths,
three, thin, think, third, thank, Thursday
六、/ s / 一、字母s的一般发音:bus, glass, class, sister, sit, horse, house
二、字母c:city, certainly, rice, piece
3、字母c在字母i, e, y前:pencil, nice
7、/ ʃ / 一、字母组合ch的特殊发音:Machine
二、字母组合sh的一般发音:wash, she, fish, ship, sheep, finish
八、/ tʃ / 字母组合ch的一般发音:chair, teacher, China, chick, such
九、/ tr / 字母组合tr: tree, street, tractor, try, trip, train
10、/ ts / 字母组合ts: boats, coats, minutes, plants, let’s, What’s, coats,
seats
1一、/ h / 字母组合wh在字母o前:who, whose, whom
字母h:he, here, hers, hello
浊辅音:(17个)
一、/ b / 字母b:bag, bad, bat, band, bye, blind
二、/ d / 字母d:dog, desk, under, and
3、/ g / 字母g(g):good, girl, big, egg, god
4、/ v / 字母f: of,
字母v:very, visit, five, seven
五、/ ð / 字母组合th 【一般在代词、冠词、副词中的发音】:this, these,
that, those, the, then, there, their, brother
六、/ z / 字母s:rose, close, as, his, is, busy, has, nose, whose, please
字母z:zoo, zone, zero, size
7、/ ʒ / 字母s:usually, pleasure, treasure, measure, vision, television
八、/dʒ/ 一、字母g在e前(字母组合g(e))一般的发音:orange,
page, large, vegetable, change, village, passage,
二、字母j在词前:jeep, John, Joan, Jack, job, juice, just
九、/dr/ 字母组合dr:drive, driven, hundred, dress, driver, drink
10、/dz/ 字母组合ds:birds, beds, grades, needs, hands, heads, goods
1一、/ r / 字母r:red, room, read, brown
1二、/ m / 字母m:man, milk, home, from
13、/ n / 字母n在词前:nice, nine, noon, nose, name
14、/ ŋ / 一、字母n在k前发音:ink, thank, think, drink, sink
二、字母组合ng的一般发音:long, young, singer, sing, wrong, morning,
【注:ng / ŋ g /特殊发音:English, language, penguin】
1五、/ ǀ / 一、字母l:like, love, left, lesson
二、字母ll:ball, tall, wall, small
1六、/ w/ wh的一般发音:what, when, where, white, everywhere, which, why
字母w:wear, well, window, Wednesday
17、/ j / 字母y在词前:yes, yellow, yet, you, your
/ ju: / 字母u在音节中:use, duty, excuse, Tuesday, usually, huge, future, menu
字母组合ew :new, renew, few, knew
字母组合ex的一般发音/
ɪ k s
/:excuse, expect, exchange, explain, expensive,
explore
ex / ɪ k /
except
ex / e
k s /
exercise, exit, explanation, export, expert, exhibition
ex / ɪ g z
/ example, exam, examination
字母x的一般发音:/k s/
box, next
x / gz / example, exam
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