名词-高二英语寒假提升天天练之语法

名词

1. As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited to life, and many

species will face ______.

A. extinction B. direction C. calculation D. application

2. He was faced with the severe financial _____ of caring for his wife and five children.

A. status B. burden C. target D. absence

3. They were initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea

after facing _____ from parents.

A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. presentation

4. Bad program on TV may have bad _____ on children.

A. affect B. effect C. power D. control

5. It makes no ______ to me whether he will go to the city or not. Anyhow, I will go.

A. thing B. difference C. matter D. affair

6. The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the _______ of the murder

committed last month.

A. witnesses B. audiences C. viewers D. observers

7. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ______ for the

homeless families.

A. furniture B. accommodation C. occupation D. basement

8. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy __________ to the digital

resources of the library.

A. approach B. access C. passage D. assistance

9. Ben made many appearances on TV to argue in favour of the Great Barrier Reef's_________.

A. reserve B. prevention C. defence D. promotion

10. According to experts, houses with good _______ to the shops and schools can resist the

decrease in the prices.

A. patent B. component C. value D. access

11. They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport ____________.

A. salary B. security C. sculpture D. secretary

12. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________.

A. excuse B. sense C. use D. value

13. As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.

A. connection B. evidence C. power D. belief

14. Mary kept her__________ to visit the lonely old man every week.

A. choice B. chance C. advice D. promise

15. When the student wanted to have a go, the teacher gave him a nod of ________.

A. support B. promise C. approval D. suggestion

16. The private place is only accessible to the royal family and those who have the______ granted

by the Queen.

A. certificate B. privilege

C. dignity D. elegance

17. The prison governor has refused to let him go, saying he must first be given from his own

superiors.

A. accumulation B. affection C. authority D. accommodation

18. Space exploration provides a ______ of national pride

A. reason B. portrait C. statue D. symbol

19. At last, I should thank Mr. White for the ________ of speaking here.

A. prejudice B. privilege C. ambition D. favor

20. Even if he has been a teacher for 20 years, Peter has a good and serious attitude towards his

work, for which he gains a lot of ________.

A. competence B. motivation C. expectation D. recognition

名词

1. As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited to life, and many

species will face ______.

A. extinction B. direction C. calculation D. application

【答案解析】 A

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着全球变暖的加剧，地球将越来越不适合生命生存，许多物种将面临灭绝。A. extinction灭绝，消失；B. direction指导；C. calculation计算；D.

application申请；应用。结合句意，故选A。

2. He was faced with the severe financial _____ of caring for his wife and five children.

A. status B. burden C. target D. absence

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他面临照顾妻子和五个孩子的沉重的经济负担。A. status身份，地位；B. burden负担；C. target目标，靶子；D. absence缺少，缺乏，（某人）不在。要照顾家庭，因此经济负担重。故选B项。

3. They were initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea

after facing _____ from parents.

A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. presentation

【答案解析】 C

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妻原本打算在海外举行婚礼，但由于遭到父母的反对，不得不放弃了这个想法。A. recognition识别；B. toleration宽容；C. opposition反对；D. presentation展示，呈现。根据文中had to drop the idea(不得不放弃这个想法)，可知是遇到父母的反对了。故选C项。

4. Bad program on TV may have bad _____ on children.

A. affect B. effect C. power D. control

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电视上的不良节目对孩子们有不良影响。A. affect动词，影响；B. effect名词，影响；C. power名词，力量；D. control控制。坏的节目对孩子产生坏的影响，此处应用名词形式作宾语，排除A项，故选B。

5. It makes no ______ to me whether he will go to the city or not. Anyhow, I will go.

A. thing B. difference C. matter D. affair

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去不去城里对我来说没什么影响。不管怎样，我都会去。

A. thing事物； B. difference不同； C. matter事情，问题； D. affair事件，事务。

make no difference to对…无影响，符合句意，故选B。

6. The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the _______ of the murder

committed last month.

A. witnesses B. audiences C. viewers D. observers

【答案解析】 A

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：辩护律师正在询问上个月发生的那起谋杀案的目击者之一的老人。A. witnesses目击者；B. audiences观众；C. viewers观众；D. observers观察者。结合后文of the murder committed last month.可知是在询问谋杀案的目击者。故选A。

7. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ______ for the

homeless families.

A. furniture B. accommodation C. occupation D. basement

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震后，当地政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. furniture家具；B. accommodation住宿；C. occupation职业；D. basement地下室。结合后文for the homeless families可知是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。故选B。

8. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy __________ to the digital

resources of the library.

A. approach B. access C. passage D. assistance

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该系统的设计目的是让学生快速、方便地访问图书馆的数字资源。A. approach接近；B. access进入，访问，享用权；C. passage文章；D. assistance援助。结合后文to the digital resources of the library可知是访问图书馆的数字资源。短语access

to“有权使用，进入”。故选B。

9. Ben made many appearances on TV to argue in favour of the Great Barrier Reef's_________.

A. reserve B. prevention C. defence D. promotion

【答案解析】 C

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：Ben多次出现在电视上，表明支持对大堡礁的保护。e储备（量）； tion阻止，妨碍； e保护； ion提升，提拔。结合“”

in favour of 可知应该是支持对大堡礁的保护，选项C符合题意。故选C。

10. According to experts, houses with good _______ to the shops and schools can resist the

decrease in the prices.

A. patent B. component C. value D. access

【答案解析】 D

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：专家表示，离商店和学校很近的房子可以抵挡房价的下跌。

专利权，专利品；ent成分，元件；价值，价格；通道，使用权。短语(have/with) access to“接近，靠近，有权使用”，根据to the shops and schools可知access符合题意。故选D项。

11. They are now under a great deal of pressure to tighten their airport ____________.

A. salary B. security C. sculpture D. secretary

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他们现在面临着加强机场安全的巨大压力。薪水；

ty 安全；ure雕塑； ary秘书。由句意可知，机场处于很大的加强安全的压力。故选B。

12. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________.

A. excuse B. sense C. use D. value

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：够了！这里没人认为你说的话有任何意义。A. excuse借口，理由； B. sense感知； C. use使用；D. value价值。固定搭配：make any sense讲不通，有任何意义，结合句意。故选B。

13. As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.

A. connection B. evidence C. power D. belief

【答案解析】 A

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故选A。

14. Mary kept her__________ to visit the lonely old man every week.

A. choice B. chance C. advice D. promise

【答案解析】 D

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽遵守了每周去看望那位孤独老人的诺言。A. choice选择；B. chance机会；C. advice建议；D. promise承诺。根据空后“visit the lonely old man every

week.”可知，每周去看望老人一个承诺。故选D。

15. When the student wanted to have a go, the teacher gave him a nod of ________.

A. support B. promise C. approval D. suggestion

【答案解析】 C

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那个学生想试一试时，老师点头表示同意。A. support支持；B. promise承诺；C. approval批准，认可；D. suggestion建议。名词approval有获得批准、同意之意，a nod of approval点头同意。故选C项。

16. The private place is only accessible to the royal family and those who have the______ granted

by the Queen.

A. certificate B. privilege

C. dignity D. elegance

【答案解析】 B

考查名词辨析。句意：这个私人场所只有皇室成员和那些被女王授权特权的人们可以进入。A. certificate证书；B. privilege特权；C. dignity尊严；D. elegance 优雅。根据常识，是被女王授予“特权”进入私人场所，故B项正确。

17. The prison governor has refused to let him go, saying he must first be given from his own

superiors.

A. accumulation B. affection C. authority D. accommodation

【答案解析】 C

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：监狱长拒绝释放他，说他必须先得到上级的授权。A.

accumulation 积累；B. affection喜爱；C. authority授权，官方；D. accommodation住宿。结合后文from his own superiors可知释放犯人要得到上级的授权（authority）。故选C。

18. Space exploration provides a ______ of national pride

A. reason B. portrait C. statue D. symbol

【答案解析】 D

【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：太空探索是民族自豪感的象征。A. reason 原因，理由；B. portrait肖像；C. statue地位；D. symbol符号，象征。根据句意，太空探索是充满民族自豪感的。选项D切题，故选D。

19. At last, I should thank Mr. White for the ________ of speaking here.

A. prejudice B. privilege C. ambition D. favor

【答案解析】 B

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我要感谢怀特先生给我在这里讲话的荣幸。A.

prejudice 偏见; B. privilege 优待，特权，荣幸；C. ambition 雄心，壮志；D. favor 喜爱，欢

心。分析句意，前句提到“我要感谢怀特先生”可知，此处表怀特先生给我在这讲话的“荣幸”。故选B项。

20. Even if he has been a teacher for 20 years, Peter has a good and serious attitude towards his

work, for which he gains a lot of ________.

A. competence B. motivation C. expectation D. recognition

【答案解析】 D

【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使当老师已经20年了，Peter对于自己的工作还是抱着良好认真的态度，这为他赢得了广泛的认可。A. competence能力，胜任；B. motivation动机；C. expectation预料，期望；D. recognition承认，认可，赏识。根据Peter has a good and

serious attitude towards his work,可知，此处指他由于良好认真的态度而获得很多认可。故选D项。