高考英语大题突破复习:专题05 阅读理解七选五(新高考专用)(原卷版

专题05 阅读理解七选五

距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！

养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

题型简介

七选五作为高考英语全国卷中的一道必考和重点题型，考查以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。主要考查考生的逻辑能力,包括整篇语言逻辑和句与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断;备选答案中含有两个干扰选项,这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答案有一定的相关性,这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，一旦出错，往往一错错一串，是特别容易丢分的题型。与完形填空相比,补全短文空缺的是5个句子，无法从句子层面寻线索，所以分析语篇结构和理清空格与上下文之间的逻辑关系显得异常重要。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型。考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。

典例在线

Fake news spreads rapidly, especially on social media. As students progress in their education, they need to be

able to distinguish fake news stories from true, fact-checked journalism. ____1____

Check the history and reputation of the author and publication

Most fake news sites have just existed for a short time. ____2____ If it’s sharing a popular article disgracing a

politician running for office in 2020, for example, but the website itself is newly-created, it’s likely that the article

and site are not trustworthy.

____3____

When a big news event occurs, multiple media organizations will report it. Search for other publications that

have posted stories about the news. If no other news outlets are reporting the story, it’s probably a fake.

Be cautious about sensational (耸人听闻的) headlines

Fake news is designed to strike an immediate emotional chord in audiences by using an alarming headline.

Often people share such a story based merely on the headline. ____4____ If a headline seems ridiculous, or simply

lacks the ring of truth, search for reliable sources that confirm the accuracy of the story.

Carefully examine photos and other media accompanying the stories

____5____ If you see a shocking or particularly engaging photo or video in an article, take a moment to

determine whether it is intended only to arouse an emotional reaction in readers. Use a service such as TinEye to

find where else it appears. Often, there is an original version that tells a different story.

A．They even haven’t read the article itself.

B．Here’s our advice on how to spot a fake.

C．Compare the news with some other big news.

D．Determine whether other media are reporting the same news.

E．Fake news providers often use eye-catching photos or videos.

F．Photos and videos used in news are usually very beautiful and attractive.

G．You can find out that by entering its address in the Domain Age Checker.

技巧1：依据词汇线索

词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。

(1)代词线索

英语表达中,代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。

(2)词汇复现

词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表现为第一句话的宾语,往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用这些词作为解题线索。

技巧2：依据逻辑和衔接关系

文章由段落组成,围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系,有总分、并列、层递、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系,并据此选出正确答案。

技巧3：依据空格位置

(1)空格在段首

当某段开头处设空时,通常要填的内容是该段的主题句，考生需要认真研读该段内容，尤其是设空处后面的一两句，确定线索词，然后从备选项中查这些线索词的同义词、近义词或关联词。一般正确选项与空后第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的，在意义上是紧密衔接的。

(2)空格在段中

当设空在段中时,通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查的逻辑关系：总分关系、解释关系、例证关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系7大关系。有时会出现下列衔接词语:first，second，then，next, later,soon, so, but, however, additionally, what's more , that is, namely, in other words, for

for an- other 等。

(3)空格在段尾

当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句。是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句,考生应快速浏览七个备选项,注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论总结等的信号词,如so，therefore, as a result,

in short， in a word，all in all 等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。

一、

Pushing yourself out of your comfort zone and try something a little scary can help you get into the habit not

of failing but of learning from each new experience. Try the following:

____1____ The good news is that you needn’t go abroad in order to make a fool of yourself! There are almost

certain to be restaurants in your city run by people who do not speak the same first-language as you. Don’t worry if

your grasp of their language is imperfect. ____2____ And who cares if they laugh!? Laugh along with them.

Date someone you would normally avoid. Obviously, this does not mean dating someone you find unattractive

or threatening. But, let’s say you are a man and normally date girls who are ambitious and career-minded. Of

course, the date may be a complete disaster. You may even find yourself reduced to silence, while she sits there

looking bored to death. ____3____

Try cooking a meal for family or friends. If you are the sort of person who finds toasted sandwiches

complicated, try making a three course meal for friends. Remember, you are learning to approach failure in a new

way. If that seems too big a deal, try simply cooking dinner for your partner. ____4____ You may use too much

sugar, or leave the meat in for too long, or not realize that you should have placed it on the bottom shelf of the oven,

or whatever. A week later, try the same meal again, this time correcting your mistakes. ____5____ You can be sure

that your favourite chef messed up her signature dish numerous times before she got it right—indeed, that is how

she got it right!

A．Order food in a foreign language.

B．Learn to value and even accept failure.

C．Things will almost certainly go wrong.

D．But it will at least be a new kind of experience.

E．But failure does have valuable lessons to teach.

F．The waiters will almost certainly appreciate your effort.

G．Cooking is an excellent example of how people learn through failure.

二、

How to Plan the Graduation Trip

Graduation is around the corner, and so is the trip of your lifetime. There are many amazing reasons to plan

your perfect graduation trip. You may want a break from school.____6____. Or you may want some quality time

away from your regular schedule with your friends. Whatever the reason, taking a graduation trip is a great boost

for you before you leave your home and head to the big world. Here are some expert tips for planning the trip of

your life.

____7____

Before you start your research on your trip, it will be a good idea to set your budget. You have to estimate the

cost of flights, accommodations, food, taxi rides, gifts, and so on.

Adding a 10％ buffer (缓冲) to each line item won’t harm you in any way if you end up spending a little

more. ____8____.

Research destinations

Once you have set your budget, start to explore various destinations within your budget. ____9____. You

might need to explore a place in-depth, go to a place with lots of sports and activities, or a place where you want to

relax while enjoying it. Please read the reviews of the travelers who have enjoyed the destination trip and find out

about their attractions, dining, and sights.

Get your documents ready

Don’t wait until the last moment to have your documents in order. Take enough time to work on all your

proper forms and documents beforehand. ____10____

A．Create your budget

B．Try your best to save money

C．Check out what kind of destinations would suit you

D．You may want to celebrate all the hard work in a fun way

E．It’s always important to check the reviews before you go somewhere

F．Also, it would be an excellent idea if you set aside some money for emergencies

G．Also, check if the paperwork needs to be done while entering your chosen destination

刷模拟

一、

（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考一模）Men’s sport has for decades benefited from what investors call a “flywheel

effect”. Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.____1____. That, in turn,

generates even more money the next time around.

Women’s sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.____2____With few games available, viewers

cannot tune in, and few viewers means little money.

The flywheel may, at last, be starting to turn round.____3____The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest

viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic. Women’s sport is resisting a general

trend for people to watch less television. Streaming (流媒体), meanwhile, offers a way to show games without

expensive deals with broadcasters, helping to build fanbases.

____4____Viewership of the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) in America rose by 50% in

2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $I billion.

The prize pool for this year’s Women’s Championship is $16 million, double the value in 2017.

One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell, sponsorship

rights for women’s events, separately, rather than bonded with the men’s tournaments.____5____

A．Start with viewing figures.

B．Money is starting to follow eyeballs.

C．Many associations fund the women’s sports.

D．Some think sponsors get a better deal with women’s sports.

E．Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.

F．That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.

G．That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth.

二、

（2023·山东潍坊·统考一模）There are few natural sounds more uplifting to my spirit than the bright and

cheering calls and songs of black-capped chickadees (山雀). One of my morning routines is to step outside the

house and listen for the voices of black-caps.

There is something comforting to me in black-caps’ presence. ____6____ Sometimes they are the only birds

I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the forest would be a lonelier place without them.

After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my home’s back.

____7____ For each, the routine was similar: dashed in, looked around, pecked (啄) at the tray, looked around

again, and dashed out. Nervous little creatures, full of bright energy, they soon had me laughing at their funny way,

By the time they moved on, I sensed an all-too-rare upwelling of fascination and joy.

Within days, a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or even imagined, joined

the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was remarkable was that all of

those species were common residents of the Anchorage area. ____8____

My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me. ____9____ I visited bookstores in search of

birding guidebooks. Excitedly exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger. Purchased 50-pound bags of sunflower

seeds. All of this seemed very strange to a middle-aged guy who’d never been attracted by birds. Even more, I had

previously judged bird watchers to be rather dull sorts.

____10____ They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the effort to

pay attention. What else awaits me in our world, I wonder, that I haven’t yet discovered or noticed?

A．Nature always amazed me in its own way.

B．Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea.

C．Black-caps are a sign of good environment.

D．Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine.

E．Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections.

F．What started as mere curiosity flowered into a consuming passion.

G．And much more often than not, they are heard before they’re seen.

三、

（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Calendars are for managing your time. They work overtime to keep the

messiness of human life confined into neat little grids, squeezing our lives into seconds, minutes and hours. I

appreciate a calendar’s determined efforts to manage time. ___11___ For the past several years, I’ve kept a planner

with me at all times. The real magic in planners, to me, comes in the blank space where I reflect on the past and

imagine the future. Cracking open a fresh week’s layout on a Monday morning and seeing the empty pages expand

like a canvas waiting to be filled, the tone of the week yet to be set, the possibilities endless.

You start by creating a wish list for your ideal life. The idea is to be as specific as possible. You then pick the

one goal that would have the biggest positive impact. You break that goal down into smaller tasks, and then

prioritize them. ___12___ This method turns a general idea in your head into something that you can actually

accomplish. From there, you can reflect every month on how you spent your time, and whether what you did

actually is consistent with the goals you set.

___13___ It leaves no digital footprint, but it does leave a paper trail that you can look back on for years to

come. It doesn’t buzz impatiently when you don’t look at it, and it will not be exported to Outlook. It requires you

to sit in quiet conversation with yourself, reflecting on your past and visualizing your future. It forces me to answer

hard truths, like what do I really want out of life and am I spending my days in line with who I want to be.

___14___

Planning helps me ensure that I’m not a passenger at the mercy of my calendar, but rather driving toward a

destination that I choose. ___15___ And some really nice pens.

A．Then, add those tasks to the calendar.

B．There’s no pressure to make it perfect.

C．But planners are for dreaming without limits.

D．It’s easy to appreciate calendars for their usefulness.

E．Using a paper planner brings me both joy and a sense of calm.

F．It’s an important ritual (仪式) that deserves weight and ceremony.

G．After all, our lives are the sum of how we spend our time and what we pay attention to.

四、

（2023·河北·校联考模拟预测）Entrepreneurs(企业家)should have the gift of seeing things in the present,

even if they are in the future. To start a successful start-up, three simple things are needed. ___16___

Time management. Managing time efficiently is the feature of a successful business. Smart management of

time and resources implies a well-thought-out plan and a smooth-oiled work culture. Prioritizing time, resources,

and staff based on the tasks at hand will also ensure that important tasks will get done. ___17___

The right work, by the right person. Working on the right thing by the right person is probably the only thing

more important than working hard. Do not hesitate to delegate(授权委派)when the situation calls for it.

___18___Every time you state what you want, it is a message to both you and the others about what you think is

possible. In the end, nothing should stop you or your team from giving the best. Each member of the team should

work to understand exactly where their strengths are and work together to ensure that every task gets completed by

the person with the best expertise.

___19___ The start-up community is a close web group. Seek out fellow entrepreneurs and talk to them about

the challenges and thrills you are facing on your entrepreneurial journey. Networking events and social media are a

great platform to meet entrepreneurs and learn about their experiences. ___20___And an Entrepreneur Workshop

like Ivy Early Entrepreneur is the best place to grow your network and find mentors(导师).

A．Grow intelligently.

B．Meet, network, share.

C．Remember, time is money!

D．Have confidence in your abilities.

E．Here are a few tips for you to follow.

F．They also provide an opportunity to form valuable partnerships.

G．Take care of your health and everything else will take care of itself.

五、

（2023·湖北·校联考三模）The Adoption Option

Adopting a pet is rapidly becoming the preferred option for many people who want to add an animal

companion. ____21____

An affordable choice. It’s true that many people are happy to part with thousands of dollars for purebred and

“designer” crossbred dogs and cats, but rescue pets have a lot going for them and can be more affordable to

purchase.

Homeless animals can make wonderful pets. People often assume that dogs and cats end up in shelters because

they’re unwanted or badly behaved. There are many reasons owners may need to rehome their pet — divorce, lack

of suitable accommodation, or the time and money needed to care for a dog. ____22____

Adult animals have benefits. Generally, if you decide to buy a pet from breeders, only very young animals are

available. ____23____ And there are many benefits from adopting a more mature dog or cat. They will already be

desexed, microchipped and vaccinated, so you will have fewer start-up costs. Most importantly what you see is

what you get-a young animal’s behavior may still be developing, whereas an older animal’s personality and

behavior should be evident, so no surprises.

____24____ You should only adopt a dog or cat from a reputable shelter or rescue group. A behavioral trainer

will assess the temperament (脾气) of every dog and cat before they’re put up for adoption. The staff should ask

you lots of questions about your lifestyle so they can advise which dogs and cats will best suit your family.

Ongoing behavior and training advice should be available, and you should be able to return the pet if things don’t

work out.

To keep in mind. ____25____ For example, you need to think carefully about how you will care for it —

there’s a lot of responsibility associated with managing rescue animals appropriately. The costs, the necessary space

and the age of people in your home are also important factors you should consider.

A．Choose an appropriate animal from a reliable source.

B．But shelters have a wide range of pets for you to choose from.

C．It’s important for you to only select a pet that will suit your lifestyle.

D．Similar to many things, the price of owning a pet has been increasing.

E．You should take into account the amount of exercise your pet will need.

F．Thus, some dogs and cats become lost, are not identified and are never claimed.

G．There are lots of online searches for possible pet adopters to choose an ideal pet.

刷真题

一、

（2022·全国·统考高考真题）Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process

can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.

___1___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write

nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___2___ Don’t

worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a

good store of ideas to draw on.

The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___3___ Yet, by

learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete

highway.

The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.

___4___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing

revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can

enter your changes into your word processor. ___5___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.

A．Make sure your handwriting is neat.

B．Let your pen follow the waves of thought.

C．The second draft of the essay should be better.

D．First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.

E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.

F．Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.

G．Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.

二、

（2022·全国·高考真题）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout

Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while

another read: “___6___”

With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙)

competition.

So, how do you find a workout partner?

First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___7___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to

move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.

You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a

useful response. ___8___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.

My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training

she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It

also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___9___

You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___10___ Over time, both of you will benefit—your

partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your

relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.

A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.

B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.

C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.

D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?

E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?

F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.

G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.

三、

（2022·全国·高考真题）Important Things to Know When Dining Out

Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___11___. Knowing

some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the

world.

Chopstick Rules

The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down

between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.

___12___.

Hands or Utensils (餐具)

In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you

to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___13___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch

any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.

Making Requests

___14___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their

seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.

Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various

countries. ___15___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.

A．The more friends you make in your lifetime

B．The more time you spend in any given country

C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils

D．Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant

E．It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate

F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them

G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal

四、

（2022·全国·高考真题）Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to

sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.

·Set a regular date

Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one

another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.

·More isn’t always merrier

Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted

and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,

such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.

·Practise empathy (共情)

___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the

friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel

abandoned.

· ___19___

Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might

make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that

keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.

·Don’t rely on technology alone

___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.

Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever

possible.

A．Remember important dates

B．Compensate by writing letters

C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper

D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it

E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication

F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media

G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind

五、

（2022·浙江·统考高考真题）I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice

that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____21____

Pick the most important.

____22____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I

like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I

want.

Combine your activities.

Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. ____23____

Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find

people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and

activities you love.

____24____

You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things

that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to

gain back an hour here or there.

Lighten up.

The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress

and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. ____25____ Every completion is a small victory

that adds up in a big way.

A．Speed up.

B．Be an active learner.

C．Stop trying to balance time between them all.

D．Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.

E．The things you do well usually give you greater joy.

F．Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.

G．This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.

高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准

高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。三是准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型，必须切实收到实效。

首先，要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜，打铁要趁热，每次考试以后，要对班级考试情况了如指掌，充分了解易错点、易考点，这样讲评时，才能有所侧重，才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次，要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考察的试题，教师引导出方法思路；再由学生个人进行自评自纠，小组讨论展示，出得分原因和失分原因，真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结，写到纸上记录下来，强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”，就是：今天正在学，突然有事不继续了，明天已经忘记一大部分，后天想起来，继续学，但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始，周而复始，积累数月，结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容，而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点，要经常复习，要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练，不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉，要每隔2周进行“回头看”，把学生的易错题重新编辑，归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生，克服漏斗思维，反复夯实专题训练的知识点。

三、学生训练务必得法。教师的教学能力最终要转化为学生的学习能力，对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。一是严格限时训练。限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目，既训练速度，又锻炼准确度。限时训练可短可长，可以是课前十分钟，可以是一节课，但必须坚决做到即练即评，长期坚持，通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月清，适应高考临场答题要求。二是严格规范答题。要认真研究高考原题和高考答案，根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来，再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价，出与标准答案的差距，小组内相互交流、讨论，制定答题标准模板，保证将来一分不丢。三是突出变式训练。对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点，要进行变式训练，一题多变进行训练，把错题作为“母题”，至少进行一题五变以上，让学生写出每道题的解题思路，最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改，带领学生共同验证解题思路，形成答题的基本思路。四是落实“作业自助餐”。对学生要进行分类指导，不能一刀切，尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临

界生，学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。要把握好临界生的学科短板，制定好辅导、转化和提升的具体措施，要实行面批面改，落实“作业自助餐”。针对不同的高频错题，由教师分别独立设置变式训练题，也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练，独立印刷；B错题再出5道变式训练，独立印刷；C错题也出5道变式训练，独立印刷；学生可以根据自己的错题，自主领取对应的变式训练题，通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板，提升整体备考效益。五是强化精神激励。高三学生学习任务重，压力大，师生缺乏必要交流，学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。为此，要对高三年级学生多鼓励，多表扬。大人总想听好听话，学生也是如此，越是鼓励越有劲，因老师的一句话、一个眼神而改变一生命运的事例不胜枚举。教师要不吝赞美，从情绪上、从情感上调动学生学习积极性。

高考前30天冲刺复习方法：

英语

一、英语听力：要坚持每天听1、调整并保持听力状态很重要。建议考前，考生要保持每天20分钟的听力练习量。

2、真题最好反复演练。最后的30天，主要应该听去年各省市的高考听力试题和仿真度比较高的今年各市一模、二模试题。

3、听写训练。做一些真题的听写训练。基本方法，先整体听一遍，然后听一句写一句，坚持听写完为止，然后再对照原文，检查自己错在哪里。另外值得一提的是，在正式考试中，做完所有听力20道选择题后，一般来说，没有百分之百的把握，不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。据统计，第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。

二、词汇语法：坚持每天复习一部分

在单项选择题上，适当做题是必要的，但不要采用题海战术。匀些时间看以前的听课笔记、讲义、以前做错的题目(错题集)也是复习该题型很好的方法。尤其要把做过的一些题，特别是

错题，反复地看，同时简单的题要总结规律，难题记死记牢即可。要重视语境题、时态题、动词短语相关的单选题。

关于语法，最近几年的高考在淡化语法，但并不是完全不考，而是以交际的方式考查，所以复习语法专题的同时要注意交际方面的问题，要特别注意从语境和语意中来解决语法问题。语法重点要掌握时态、非谓语动词以及定语从句三大块的内容。

三、完形填空：每天要保证做一篇1、培养语感。如何来培养语感呢？这里给同学们提一个成功学生使用过的、正确提高语感的方法：把去年的所有完形填空题正确答案填上，然后大声朗读，不要求背诵但是至少要能做到熟练朗读。在朗读中，慢慢领悟。

2、坚持训练。每天要保证做一篇，这是量上的一个要求。还要把做错的做出标记，重点记忆。应重视文章的整体性和逻辑性。完形填空的过程就是由已知信息推出未知信息的过程。

四、阅读理解：重中之重

阅读理解是高考的重头戏，提高成绩，阅读理解是关键。考试临近也要坚持阅读。与其陷入题海，不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。

1、阅读训练不停歇。在冲刺阶段，应多进行一些限时训练，通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组，在35到40分钟里完成。这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力，又可以营造考试的氛围，还提高了阅读速度。

2、阅读文章要复习。提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意：单词、语法点以及复杂句。平时的阅读复习，在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后，认真分析1-2篇。

3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下，看哪类题自己容易错，重点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化，科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等，但如果生词太多，影响理解或过于难懂的文章，则不应花更多的时间。

五、对话填空，认真练习应该比短文改错更容易拿分

对话填空要填写的十个单词本身不会太难拼写，不会超过2000单词表，所以虽然是新题型也不必恐惧。其实质上也是一种完形填空题，解题关键是要对所给的对话有一个整体把握，通读全篇对话，弄清谈话的语境及内容。

六、作文：考前至少精练10篇

重点背一些连词和英语固定表达的句型，以及常用的短语和有特点的动词词组。在写作的时候可以采用一些写作的套路。每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。