Dyspnea refers to the feeling of laborious breathing, insufficient air
and suffocation in the chest. The number of breaths increases, and the
auxiliary breathing muscles also participate in breathing exercises. In
severe cases, open your mouth and breathe.
Dyspnea often occurs when the throat and trachea are obstructed,
breathing and airflow are blocked, or pleural and pulmonary lesions
affect the gas exchange of the lung. Some nervous system diseases (such
as hysteria) or anemia and gas poisoning can also cause dyspnea. Heart
failure caused by heart disease is the most common in the middle-aged
and elderly, causing severe dyspnea. Chronic patients enter the critical
period and have difficulty breathing.
The main method of first aid is to carry out necessary treatment
according to the etiology. Give the patient a semi reclining or sitting
position. The lower limbs hanging by the bed can reduce the amount of
blood flowing back to the heart, thus temporarily reducing the burden
on the heart. According to specific conditions, different forms of oxygen
inhalation (nasal catheter oxygen, mask oxygen, oxygen tent oxygen, etc.)
can alleviate dyspnea. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.
Tracheotomy can be done in case of emergency. When sputum increases,
attention should be paid to sputum suction. When there is
bronchospasm, drugs such as panting, shuchuanling and so on should
be given. Patients with respiratory failure can be given central stimulants,
such as annanga, lobeline, Coramine, etc., and assisted breathing when
necessary.
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