高考专题训练——动词的过去分词
1.He had his leg _____ in the match yesterday.( )
A.to break B.broken C.break D.breaking
2. in reading, Mike didn't notice the bus approaching.( )
A.To absorb
C.Absorbing
B.To be absorbed
D.Absorbed
3.The pulse signal picked up by Chinese patrol ship has not been confirmed as _____ to the
passengers on board the missing flight MH370.( )
A.to be relating
C.relating
B.been related
D.related
4.________ about fatness,she still has confidence in her performance of daily life.( )
A.Teased B.Teasing C.Tease D.To tease
5.It was __________ to hear that two workers had been fired on the spot with no official reason
__________.( )
A.striking;was given
C.struck;was given
B.striking;given
D.struck;given
6.What do you think of the party ________ last night?( )
A.holding B.to be held C.hold D.held
7. in fridge, these vegetables and fruit will remain fresh.( )
A.Keeping
C.Kept
B.Having kept
D.To keep
8.It is reported that the trees down in the storm have been moved off the road.( )
A.blow B.blowing C.to blow D.blown
9.﹣﹣﹣What are those on the wall?
﹣﹣﹣Some photos ________ in Tokyo.( )
A.are taken B.taken C.took D.were taken
10.Were you ____when you saw that wild animal?( )
A.fright
C.frightened
B.frightening
D.frighten
11.At minus 130℃,a living cell can be ________ for one thousand years.( )
A.preserved B.protected C.spread D.developed
12.According to the report, people in the ______ areas are rebuilding their homes and many
第1页(共24页)
roads _______ to the areas have been repaired.( )
A.flooded; lead
C.flooded; leading
B.flooding; leading
D.flooding; to lead
13.With her attention___________on the book, the girl sat there quietly.( )
A.fixing
C.fix
B.to be fixed
D.fixed
14.__________ alone in the dark room,the little boy was so __________ as to cry.( )
A.Leaving,frightening
B.Left,frightened
C.Left,frightening
D.Having left,frightened
15.The project ____ in 1989 resulted in farmers _____ their crops with trees or grass.( )
A.set up; to replace
B.to set up; replacing
C.set up; replacing
D.setting up; to replace
16.Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense
Media report Monday.( )
A.being published
C.publishing
B.to publish
D.published
17."The living﹣room television is replaced and gets in the kids' room, and
suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one
researcher.( )
A.planting B.planted C.processing D.processed
18.________more time,they will do a better job.( )
A.Having given
C.Giving
B.To give
D.Given
19.Near the table ______ a poor dog,who desired to satisfy his hunger with ______ fell from
the table.( )
A.laid;something
C.lays;that
B.lay;that
D.lay;what
20.The newly built houses, specially __________ the old sell well this year.( )
A.designed for
C.designing for
B.designed to
D.designing to
第2页(共24页)
21.Many funny pictures ________, a great many children love reading it.( )
A.are included
C.included
B.is including
D.including
22.Young couples will be happy to see their babies_____ with good health and intelligence
when they are born.( )
A.to bless
C.blessed
B.blessing
D.being blessed
23.Li Na,the first female player _________a ranking of world No.2 in Asia,retired from
tennis in 2014.( )
A.achieving
C.to achieve
B.achieved
D.having achieved
24.Michelle Obama, ______ as the First Lady of the United States, presents to the world a
new image of African﹣American woman.( )
A.having known
C.to be known
B.known
D.knowing
25.The UK is a country _________four parts:England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Island.( )
A.making up
C.consisting of
B.made up
D.consisted of
26.The policeman put down the phone,______ with a smile on his face.( )
A.satisfied
C.to be satisfied
B.satisfying
D.being satisfied
27.Have you found the book __________ to the library?( )
A.belongs
C.to be belonged
B.belonging
D.belonged
28.The burden of students , students can use their talents to carry out research﹣based
studies and achieve more.( )
A.being eased
C.eased
B.having eased
D.easing
29._________of danger in the street at night, the girl doesn't dare to go out without
someone_________ her.( )
A.Warned; accompanied
B.Warned; accompanying
C.Warning; accompanied
第3页(共24页)
D.Warning; accompanying
30.An app that rewards students for time away from their phones is being released in the
UK.( )
A.spending B.spent C.to spend D.spend
31.The boy wondered why fish soon went in hot
weather. He went to ask his teacher.( )
A.puzzled; badly
C.puzzling; badly
B.puzzling; bad
D.puzzled; bad
32.The ringing of the bell ______ the end of the class suddenly ______ their heated
discussion.( )
A.meant, interrupted
B.meant, interrupting
C.meaning, interrupting
D.meaning, interrupted
33._________ and clearly intelligent, Tony is a pleasant person to talk with.( )
A.Educated
C.Educating
B.To be educated
D.Having educated
34.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .( )
A.taking
C.being taken
B.taken
D.take
35.___________ with any danger, you should keep ___________.( )
A.Facing; quiet
C.Faced; calm
B.Facing; still
D.Faced; silent
36.The dictionary has 100 new words _________ into its latest edition.( )
A.add
C.added
B.adding
D.being added
37.After trying on these clothes in our store,please take the ones that you like to the cash
register in the shopping basket_____.( )
A.providing
C.provided
B.having provided
D.provide
38.Mr. Wang, to experience different cultures, set off for Africa last
week.( )
A.to determine
C.determining
B.determined
D.being determined
第4页(共24页)
39.﹣﹣﹣What's the time?
﹣﹣﹣Oh,I forgot to have my watch ______.( )
A.wind B.wound C.winded D.winding
40.Artificial Intelligence as an academic in 1956 has developed rapidly in the
world.( )
A.founding
C.founded
B.to found
D.having founded
41.Anyone,once positive for H7N9flu virus,will receive free medical treatment
from our government.( )
A.testing B.to test C.tested D.is tested
42.Hans was guided to the platform,where he stood ____ by professors and students,with
Einstein ____ in the audience.( )
A.surrounded…seated
B.having surrounded…being seated
C.surrounding…having been seated
D.having been surrounded…seating
43._______ from the top of the hill, the square looks more beautiful with all lights
on.( )
A.Seeing B.Saw C.Seen D.To see
44.﹣I have been coughing for a week.Does this medicine work?
﹣It is very effective if ______ on time.( )
A.taking
C.taken
B.to take
D.to be taken
45.______to change his plans,Mark Twain worked for several years as a pilot on the
steamboat.( )
A.Force B.Forcing C.Forced D.To force
46.Life is a journey _____with hardships,joys and special moments.( )
A.filled
C.filling
B.to fill
D.having filled
47.With the new family planning policy _______,many young parents are considering having
their second child.( )
A.introduce
C.to introduce
B.introducing
D.introduced
48.He got completely _____ when he saw both Lucy and Lily,who are twin sisters.( )
第5页(共24页)
A.confusing B.confused C.confuse D.confuses
49._______ with computers,the school library has stepped into the modern age.( )
A.Equipped
C.Having equipped
B.Equipping
D.To be equipped
50.With all the books he needed _____,he left the library,feeling satisfied.( )
A.borrowed B.borrowing C.borrow D.to borrow
第6页(共24页)
参考答案与试题解析
1.He had his leg _____ in the match yesterday.( )
A.to break B.broken C.break D.breaking
【分析】昨天比赛中他的腿骨折了.
【解答】本题考查过去分词.使用have+宾语+宾语补足语,his leg和break是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语.
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查过去分词,首先根据句子结构判断这个空是用谓语还是非谓语动词,然后判断作什么成分,再分析和修饰的词的逻辑关系.
2. in reading, Mike didn't notice the bus approaching.( )
A.To absorb
C.Absorbing
B.To be absorbed
D.Absorbed
【分析】因为沉迷于阅读,Mike没有注意到公共汽车来了。
【解答】答案:动词absord和逻辑主语Mike之间是被动关系,所以应该用其过去分词作原因状语,
故选:D。
【点评】此题考查的非谓语,要正确把握句子结构,才能更精准的理解题意,选出正确答案。
3.The pulse signal picked up by Chinese patrol ship has not been confirmed as _____ to the
passengers on board the missing flight MH370.( )
A.to be relating
C.relating
B.been related
D.related
【分析】中国巡逻舰队识别到的脉冲信号目前还未证实与MH370航班失踪旅客的脉冲信号一致。
【解答】答案:the pulse signal 与relate为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式。
故选:D。
【点评】此题考查的非谓语,要正确把握句子结构,才能更精准的理解题意,选出正确答案。
4.________ about fatness,she still has confidence in her performance of daily life.( )
A.Teased B.Teasing C.Tease D.To tease
【分析】尽管她经常被取笑肥胖,她仍然对自己日常生活中的表现很有信心。
【解答】答案:与tease之间是动宾关系,用过去分词短语作让步状语。A项正确。B项现在分词;C项动词原形;D项动词不定式。
第7页(共24页)
故选:A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。因此关键看它和句子主语之间的关系。如果是和句子主语之间构成主动关系,使用现在分词,若构成被动关系,使用过去分词。若表目的,使用不定式。
5.It was __________ to hear that two workers had been fired on the spot with no official reason
__________.( )
A.striking;was given
C.struck;was given
B.striking;given
D.struck;given
【分析】听到两名工人当场被解雇而没有给出正式理由,令人震惊。
【解答】striking adj.震惊的,显著的,突出的。主句结构是It is +adj+to do sth,而不是被动,可以排除C和D,with no official reason 可以看出考查with复合结构,要判断宾语和宾补的关系,reason和give之间是被动关系,故用given,故选:B。
【点评】考查句型It is +adj+to do sth以及with的复合结构
6.What do you think of the party ________ last night?( )
A.holding B.to be held C.hold D.held
【分析】你觉得昨晚举行的晚会怎么样?
【解答】答案:D.所填词为后置定语修饰the party,且与the party为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
故选:D。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
7. in fridge, these vegetables and fruit will remain fresh.( )
A.Keeping
C.Kept
B.Having kept
D.To keep
【分析】因为被保存到了冰箱里,这些蔬菜和水果会保持新鲜。
【解答】答案:分析句子结构可知,keep为非谓语,其逻辑主语为"these vegetables and
fruit",两者为被动关系,故填过去分词形式,
故选:C。
【点评】此题考查的非谓语,要正确把握句子结构,才能更精准的理解题意,选出正确答案。
8.It is reported that the trees down in the storm have been moved off the road.( )
A.blow B.blowing C.to blow D.blown
【分析】据报道,在风暴中被刮倒的树木已被移出道路。
第8页(共24页)
【解答】答案:分析句子结构可知,动词blow为非谓语,blow的逻辑主语是trees,两者是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,
故选:D。
【点评】此题考查的非谓语,要正确把握句子结构,才能更精准的理解题意,选出正确答案。
9.﹣﹣﹣What are those on the wall?
﹣﹣﹣Some photos ________ in Tokyo.( )
A.are taken B.taken C.took D.were taken
【分析】﹣墙上的那些是什么?﹣一些在东京拍的照片。
【解答】答案:B. 根据题意,﹣墙上的那些是什么?﹣一些在东京拍的照片。本题考查动词的过去分词。因为take和photo之间属于被动关系,故用过去分词taken来表示被动。
故选:B。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
10.Were you ____when you saw that wild animal?( )
A.fright
C.frightened
B.frightening
D.frighten
【分析】当你看到野生动物的时候, 你感到害怕吗?
【解答】答案: C 本题考查 ved做表语. 解析:frightening和frightened"都是形容词而不是动词,其中frightening表示令人害怕的修饰物,frightened 表示感到害怕的修饰人,问题中的主语是"You",是人,类似的用法还有interest,astonish,excite等等的单词
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查 ved做表语.某些过去分词作表语,多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主语多半是人.这类过 去分词通常为下列过去分词:delighted,devoted,discouraged ,astonished,frightened,excited,inspired,encouraged,interested,contented,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,tired,worried,ect. 这些分词几乎都可以看作形容词,其中很多可以被very修饰. 在口语中,用very代替much来修饰过去分词的现象,越来越普遍. 例如: A.On hearing the good news everyone was
excited. B.We are very pleased at the news.
11.At minus 130℃,a living cell can be ________ for one thousand years.( )
A.preserved B.protected C.spread D.developed
第9页(共24页)
【分析】在零下130℃,一个活细胞可以保存一千年的时间.
【解答】B项"保护";C项"传播,散布;展开;伸展;铺开";D项"发展,进步;使成长,冲洗(胶片)"A项"保存,保持,维持";根据句子结构分析及句意可知,这里考查含有情态动词的被动语态"be+动词的过去分词","被保存 sth be preserved",因此A项符合语境,
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查动词的被动语态.被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者,也就是动作的对象,一般说来只有及物动词才有被动语态.其构成为"be+及物动词的过去分词".助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样.含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时,由"情态动词(can,may must,have to等)+be+动词的﹣ed形式.
12.According to the report, people in the ______ areas are rebuilding their homes and many
roads _______ to the areas have been repaired.( )
A.flooded; lead
C.flooded; leading
B.flooding; leading
D.flooding; to lead
【分析】根据报道,洪水灾区的人们正在重建家园,许多通向城区的道路也已经修好.
【解答】答案:C.
非谓语作定语题.第一空flood与areas构成动宾关系所以用过去分词作定语,指的是被洪水围困的地区;第二空roads与 lead to"通向"为主谓关系所以用现在分词作作定语.
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查非谓语动词.这个语法是高考常考的内容,要求考生要全面掌握非谓语动词的内容,理解非谓语动词所充当的成分,解题思路以及它们的用法区别,做题时还要分析句子机构,结合语境做出正确的判断.
13.With her attention___________on the book, the girl sat there quietly.( )
A.fixing
C.fix
B.to be fixed
D.fixed
【分析】注意力集中于书上,这个女孩安静地坐在那里.
【解答】这句话使用with复合结构,with+宾语+宾语补足语,her attention和fix是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语.
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查with复合结构,使用with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构,非谓语动词,形容词,副词,介词短语或名词都可以做宾语补足语.
14.__________ alone in the dark room,the little boy was so __________ as to cry.( )
A.Leaving,frightening
第10页(共24页)
B.Left,frightened
C.Left,frightening
D.Having left,frightened
【分析】独自一人留在黑暗的房间里,这个小男孩害怕地哭了。
【解答】根据句意,leave sb alone译为不理会某人,句子主语the little boy和leave之间是被动关系,用ed分词作状语,即left alone,"小男孩害怕"用frightened修饰人。
故选:B。
【点评】此题考查分词的用法,要明确分词在作不用成分时的区别,结合题意认真分析,选出最佳选项。
15.The project ____ in 1989 resulted in farmers _____ their crops with trees or grass.( )
A.set up; to replace
B.to set up; replacing
C.set up; replacing
D.setting up; to replace
【分析】1989年设立的这个项目导致农民种了树和草来代替庄稼。
【解答】答案:C.根据1989片段这里项目这件事情已经发生且the project和st up之间是被动关系,所以第一空应填set up,set up为过去分词作后置定语;因为in是介词,所以result in后面要用动名词作宾语,所以第二空应填replacing.
故选:C。
【点评】掌握过去分词作后置定语和动名词作宾语。
16.Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense
Media report Monday.( )
A.being published
C.publishing
B.to publish
D.published
【分析】根据Common Sense Media周一发布的一份报告,青少年和更小的孩子们正在减少出于兴趣的阅读。
【解答】分析句子结构可知publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且与逻辑主语a Common
Sense Media report构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。
故选:D。
【点评】考查非谓语形式,应判断其与主语是主动还是被动的关系,再确定答案。
17."The living﹣room television is replaced and gets in the kids' room, and
suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one
researcher.( )
A.planting B.planted C.processing
第11页(共24页)
D.processed
【分析】"客厅的电视被替换了,被植入了孩子们的房间,突然有一天,家里的每个房间都有了电视,"一位研究人员说。
【解答】此处为"get done"结构,plant与television构成被动关系,故应用过去分词。plant"植入",process"加工,处理"。
故选:B。
【点评】考查非谓语形式,应判断其与主语是主动还是被动的关系,再确定答案。
18.________more time,they will do a better job.( )
A.Having given
C.Giving
B.To give
D.Given
【分析】给他们更多的时间,他们会做的更好.
【解答】答案D
解析:考查过去分词.动词give和主语they之间表被动,表被动的只有D选项.If they
were given more time,they will do a better job.省略连词,主语和be动词.
故选:D。
【点评】过去分词做状语,与主句的主语之间表被动,可以转化成完整的句子.
19.Near the table ______ a poor dog,who desired to satisfy his hunger with ______ fell from
the table.( )
A.laid;something
C.lays;that
B.lay;that
D.lay;what
【分析】一条狗躺在桌子附近,想要吃桌子上掉下来的东西。
【解答】答案:第一空把介词短语提前,主语是名词,使用全部倒装,动词lie表示躺,其过去式为lay;第二空是介词后what引导的宾语从句,并在宾语从句中作主语,故选:D。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
20.The newly built houses, specially __________ the old sell well this year.( )
A.designed for
C.designing for
B.designed to
D.designing to
【分析】专为老年人设计的新房子今年卖得很好。
【解答】答案:B.分析句子结构可知,design在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且与逻辑主语house构成被动关系,故应用过去分词后置作定语,排除C和D选项。design to为…专门设计,根据句意:专为老年人设计的新房子今年卖得很好,故选:B。
【点评】考查非谓语形式,应判断其与主语是主动还是被动的关系,尤其是对句意的准第12页(共24页)
确理解和翻译也是很重要的,再确定答案。
21.Many funny pictures ________, a great many children love reading it.( )
A.are included
C.included
B.is including
D.including
【分析】许多有趣的图画被包括在内,很多学生喜欢读这本书.
【解答】答案:C 考查动词的过去分词做状语.根据语境可知:因为这本书包括很多滑稽的图画,所以很多学生才会喜欢读.picture和include之间是被动关系,故排除了B.D两个选项;又因为后半句已经是一个完整的句子且中间没有连词,所以前半句就不能是一个句子了,所以排除了A,故只能用过去分词included做状语.
故选:C.
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等.在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定的语境中运用语言知识的能力.
22.Young couples will be happy to see their babies_____ with good health and intelligence
when they are born.( )
A.to bless
C.blessed
B.blessing
D.being blessed
【分析】年轻夫妇会很高兴看到他们的孩子在出生时身体健康和智力良好.
【解答】答案是C.本题考查分词做宾语补足语;题干中的关键短语be blessed with表示"赋有;有幸拥有";英语中很多类似的"be +过去分词+to do/介词/从句"的结构往往表示逻辑主语的状态,只需要去掉be动词,用过去分词短语做状语、定语或补语,本题中缺少的是宾语补足语.
故选:C.
【点评】首先判断选项中的动词在句中是以谓语还是非谓语形式出现,然后根据选项在句中的功能结合非谓语的基本用法做出合理的判断.要关注常见非谓语动词的搭配.
23.Li Na,the first female player _________a ranking of world No.2 in Asia,retired from
tennis in 2014.( )
A.achieving
C.to achieve
B.achieved
D.having achieved
【分析】李娜,第一位在亚洲取得世界排名第二的女选手,在2014年结束了她的网球生涯。
【解答】答案 D 根据题意,李娜,第一位在亚洲取得世界排名第二的女选手,在2014年结束了她的网球生涯。本题考查动词的过去分词且本题中含有一种过去的事情对现在的影响的意思,故用现在完成时。故选:D。
第13页(共24页)
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
24.Michelle Obama, ______ as the First Lady of the United States, presents to the world a
new image of African﹣American woman.( )
A.having known
C.to be known
B.known
D.knowing
【分析】被誉为美国第一夫人的米歇尔•奥巴马向世界展示了非洲裔美国妇女的新形象。
【解答】答案:B. 根据题意,被誉为美国第一夫人的米歇尔•奥巴马向世界展示了非洲裔美国妇女的新形象。本题考查动词的过去分词。be known as…意为:因……而著名。本题中know为非谓语动词,由前面的固定搭配可知,用过去分词known来表示最好。"known as the First Lady of the United States"作主语的同位语。
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查的是动词的过去分词。单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
25.The UK is a country _________four parts:England,Scotland,Wales and Northern Island.( )
A.making up
C.consisting of
B.made up
D.consisted of
【分析】英国是一个由四个部分组成的国家:英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰。
【解答】答案 C 根据题意,英国是一个由四个部分组成的国家:英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰。空格处要填一个表示"由……组成"意思的词组。be made up of意为由……组成;consist of意为由……组成;故排除A和B选项;"country"和"consist of"之间是主动关系。故选:C。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
26.The policeman put down the phone,______ with a smile on his face.( )
A.satisfied
C.to be satisfied
B.satisfying
D.being satisfied
【分析】那个警察放下电话,脸上带着满意的笑容.
【解答】A项表示"感到满意的",修饰人;B项表示"令人满意的",修饰物;C项表示将来或目的;D项表示正在进行.be satisfied with对…感到满意;形容词短语在句中作定第14页(共24页)
语、状语或补足语时省略系动词be.句意:那个警察放下电话,脸上带着满意的笑容.
故选:A.
【点评】satisfied是形容词,译为:满意的,满足的,欣慰的,确信的,信服的.例:a
satisfied smile. I am satisfied with what I've got.
satisfying 也是形容词,译为:令人满意的,令人满足的. a satisfying meal. a
satisfying experience.
27.Have you found the book __________ to the library?( )
A.belongs
C.to be belonged
【分析】你到那本属于图书馆的书了吗?
【解答】答案:B.分析句子结构可知,belong 做后置定语用,现在分词belonging
故选:B。
【点评】考查非谓语形式,应判断其与主语是主动还是被动的关系,尤其是对句意的准确理解和翻译也是很重要的,再确定答案。
28.The burden of students , students can use their talents to carry out research﹣based
studies and achieve more.( )
A.being eased
C.eased
B.having eased
D.easing
B.belonging
D.belonged
【分析】学生们的负担减轻了,题目可以利用自己的才华来研究性学习,并且可以取得更好的成就.
【解答】分析句子的结构可知,students can use their talents to carry out research﹣based
studies and achieve more为一个完整的句子,而句中只有一个标点逗号,由此可推断前面的结构应该是一个独立主格结构的用法,the burden和ease之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以应该使用过去分词来组成该结构,即名词短语+过去分词.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查动词的过去分词,做此类题目时要清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再根据句意或其它要求确定最终的答案.
独立主格结构由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语.独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等.
29._________of danger in the street at night, the girl doesn't dare to go out without
someone_________ her.( )
A.Warned; accompanied
B.Warned; accompanying
第15页(共24页)
C.Warning; accompanied
D.Warning; accompanying
【分析】被警告晚上上街有危险,没有人陪伴她,女孩不敢出去.
【解答】考查非谓语.句意:被警告晚上上街有危险,没有人陪伴她,女孩不敢出去.主句的主语the girl与动词warn之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词在句中做状语;第二空someone与accompany之间是主谓关系,因为without为介词,后跟动名词的复合结构someone accompanying.
故选:B.
【点评】非谓语动词是高中语法的重点,也是难点,更是各省高考英语试题必考内容.解题的时候首先要确定选择非谓语,确定要选非谓语动词之后,第二步要分析其逻辑主语.非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语.非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致.若不一致,则须加上自己的逻辑主语.分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系是解题的关键.
30.An app that rewards students for time away from their phones is being released in the
UK.( )
A.spending B.spent C.to spend D.spend
【分析】一个奖励学生远离手机度过的时间的应用软件在英国被发布.
【解答】本题考查过去分词.分析句子成分可知这句话使用非谓语动词作定语,time和spend是被动关系,用过去分词作定语.
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查过去分词作定语的用法,首先要根据句意判断这里需要非谓语动词,然后根据非谓语动词和修饰词的关系确定用哪种形式的非谓语.
31.The boy wondered why fish soon went in hot
weather. He went to ask his teacher.( )
A.puzzled; badly
C.puzzling; badly
B.puzzling; bad
D.puzzled; bad
【分析】困惑的男孩想知道为什么鱼肉在天气热时很快就坏了.他去问了他的老师.
【解答】答案:D
解答:考查动词的过去分词和系动词的用法.根据题意,v﹣ing形式的形容词修饰事物,v﹣ed形式的形容词修饰人,故第一空用puzzled;go,当意思是变得,成为,处于.状态,发出.声音时时系动词,当意思是去,走,行,进行等,是不及物动词;题中went意思是变得,故是系动,所以后边加形容词bad作表语.
故选:D.
第16页(共24页)
【点评】以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物,意思是"令人……的",常做定语,主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质和特征;
以ed 结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人,意思是"感到……的,表示人所出的心里状态,常做表语.
32.The ringing of the bell ______ the end of the class suddenly ______ their heated
discussion.( )
A.meant, interrupted
B.meant, interrupting
C.meaning, interrupting
D.meaning, interrupted
【分析】意味着课结束的铃声突然打断了他们热烈的讨论.
【解答】答案:D.考查非谓语动词和时态.句意:意味着课结束的铃声突然打断了他们热烈的讨论.第一空The ringing of the bell与mean之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作定语;第二空为句子谓语动词,根据句意可知用一般过去时.
故选:D.
【点评】非谓语动词是高中语法的重点,也是难点,更是各省高考英语试题必考内容.解题的时候首先要确定选择非谓语,确定要选非谓语动词之后,第二步要分析其逻辑主语.非谓语动词虽不能作谓语,但仍具有动词特点,其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语.非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致.若不一致,则须加上自己的逻辑主语.分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后,分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系是解题的关键.
33._________ and clearly intelligent, Tony is a pleasant person to talk with.( )
A.Educated
C.Educating
B.To be educated
D.Having educated
【分析】托尼受过教育,很聪明,是个很好交谈的人.
【解答】本题考查非谓语动词.根据句意和结构可知这里使用过去分词作状语,因为Tony和educate是被动关系,用过去分词作状语.
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查非谓语动词,首先确定结构,然后确定和修饰的名词的关系,然后判断形式.
34.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .( )
A.taking
C.being taken
B.taken
D.take
【分析】我需要一张新护照,所以我得照张相.
第17页(共24页)
【解答】考查非谓语动词." have + sth (宾语)+ 过去分词(宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫
/ 使 / 请别人做某事".宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系.photograph与动词take之间是被动关系,故应该使用动词的过去分词作宾语补足语." have +sb / sth (宾语)+ 现在分词(宾语补足语)"意为"叫 /
让 / 使某人一直做某事或让某种情况发生".宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行. have + sb
(宾语)+ do sth (宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事".此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb 作宾语,其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.
故选:B.
【点评】在英语中,出现了have sth done,have sb do sth 与 have sb/ sth doing 三种结构,不少同学对这些结构区分不清,把握不准.
一、 have sth done
" have + sth (宾语)+ 过去分词(宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事".宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系.例如:
We had the machine mended just now.
我们刚才请人把机器修好了.
He has had his hair cut.
他(请人给他)理发了.
The patient is going to have his temperature taken.
这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温.
二、 have sb do sth
" have + sb (宾语)+ do sth (宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事".此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb 作宾语,其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.例如:
The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.
老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时.
I'll have someone repair the bike for you.
我会让人为你修理自行车的.
Don't forget to have Mr Brown come to our party. ( = Don't forget to ask / invite Mr
Brown to come to our party. )
别忘了让布朗先生来参加我们的晚会.
第18页(共24页)
三、 have sb / sth doing
" have +sb / sth (宾语)+ 现在分词(宾语补足语)"意为"叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生".宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行.例如:
Don't have the baby crying! 不要让婴儿啼哭!
Don't have the dog barking much,Lilin. 李林,别让狗狂吠不停.
You'd better have your car running slowly. 你最好把车子开慢点.
have sth. to do 是要干某事,这件事是由主语来做的,而have sth. to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上不是由主语来做的.
比方说:I have my dinner to cook.这里的饭是我做的,而I have my hair to be cut.头发不是我来剪的,是理发师,但我要剪头发.
1.have sth. to be done是有些事情等着被做,其中的不定式表此时目前还没有被做.而have sth. done指的是此事已经被做完.二者有一个时间差.
2.另外要注意的是have sth. done短语中,做这件事情的人一定不是你自己而是别人.用楼上的例子:I have my hair done this morning. 肯定是别人帮你剪的头发.因此如果是自己做的事情不能用此短语.
35.___________ with any danger, you should keep ___________.( )
A.Facing; quiet
C.Faced; calm
B.Facing; still
D.Faced; silent
【分析】面对任何危险, 你都应该保持镇静.
【解答】答案:C. 本题考查过去分词做状语. 面临面对的英语释义是be faced with,
本题中face与其逻辑主语you之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 故用过去分词faced, 又第二个空是搭配保持镇静用keep calm.
故选:C.
【点评】考查过去分词. 对于非谓语动词的用法用区分清楚其用法,搞清其与逻辑主语的关系.理清句子之间的逻辑关系以及分析句子的成分是解决这类题的一个关键.尤其是对句意的准确理解和翻译也是很重要的.
36.The dictionary has 100 new words _________ into its latest edition.( )
A.add
C.added
B.adding
D.being added
【分析】句意为:词典收录了100个新单词到其最新版本.
【解答】考查过去分词.在该句中words与add之间是被动关系,指被收进,因此用过去分词
第19页(共24页)
故选:C.
【点评】区别:一、 have sth done
" have + sth (宾语)+ 过去分词(宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事".宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系.例二、 have sb do sth
" have + sb (宾语)+ do sth (宾语补足语)"意为"让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事".此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb 作宾语,其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.三、 have sb / sth doing
" have +sb / sth (宾语)+ 现在分词(宾语补足语)"意为"叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生".宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行.
have sth. to do 是要干某事,这件事是由主语来做的,而have sth. to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上不是由主语来做的.
1.have sth. to be done是有些事情等着被做,其中的不定式表此时目前还没有被做.而have sth. done指的是此事已经被做完.二者有一个时间差.
2.另外要注意的是have sth. done短语中,做这件事情的人一定不是你自己而是别人.用楼上的例子:I have my hair done this morning. 肯定是别人帮你剪的头发.因此如果是自己做的事情不能用此短语.
37.After trying on these clothes in our store,please take the ones that you like to the cash
register in the shopping basket_____.( )
A.providing
C.provided
B.having provided
D.provide
【分析】在我们商场试了这些衣服后,请用我们提供的购物篮装好你喜欢的衣服去收银台付款.
【解答】答案:C
句中provide作basket的后置定语,要用非谓语动词;provide与被修饰名词basket构成动宾关系,要用表示被动的过去分词来构成.故选C.
【点评】过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,用法很灵活,分为简单式done(表示与谓语同时或几乎同时发生的动作);完成式having been done(表示先于谓语的动作).学习时,要把握其用法特征:表示被动和完成.同时还要注意区分现在分词和不定式.
38.Mr. Wang, to experience different cultures, set off for Africa last
week.( )
A.to determine
C.determining
B.determined
D.being determined
第20页(共24页)
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
39.﹣﹣﹣What's the time?
﹣﹣﹣Oh,I forgot to have my watch ______.( )
A.wind B.wound C.winded D.winding
【分析】﹣﹣几点了?
﹣﹣哦,我忘了给手表上发条.
【解答】答案:B
解析:一般现在时;B:过去分词;C:一般过去时;D:现在分词.根据句意及横线前面的have可知,本题考查have sth done"使某事被完成;让别人做某事"这一固定短语;故横线处该使用动词的过去分词形式.综上,本题答案为B选项.
【点评】本题考查动词的过去分词,做此类题目时要清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再根据句意或其它要求确定最终的答案.
40.Artificial Intelligence as an academic in 1956 has developed rapidly in the
world.( )
A.founding
C.founded
B.to found
D.having founded
【分析】1956创立的人工智能作为一种学术在世界范围内迅速发展.
【解答】答案:C 考查过去分词作定语.根据题意分析句意可知被修饰的名词Artificial
Intelligence(人工智能)与动词found(建立)是被动关系,而且动作已发生,既"表被动又表完成的",要用过去分词.而A、B及C三个选项都是主动关系,只有C是被动关系,
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查过去分词做定语. 考生要到动词与其所修饰的名词逻辑之间的关系, 主动关系用ving, 被动关系用v﹣ed.
41.Anyone,once positive for H7N9flu virus,will receive free medical treatment
from our government.( )
A.testing B.to test C.tested D.is tested
【分析】任何人,一旦被检验出H7N9流感病毒,将会受到来自政府的免费.
【解答】C,考查状语从句的省略.句意:任何人,一旦被检验出H7N9流感病毒,将会受到来自政府的免费.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中,如果主从句主语一致,从句中含有be动词的形式,从句中的主语和be动词形式可省略,once tested相当于once he
is tested,省略主语he和is.
第21页(共24页)
故选:C.
【点评】考查状语从句的省略,应分析动词与其逻辑主语之间的关系,再对动词的形式进行确定.
42.Hans was guided to the platform,where he stood ____ by professors and students,with
Einstein ____ in the audience.( )
A.surrounded…seated
B.having surrounded…being seated
C.surrounding…having been seated
D.having been surrounded…seating
【分析】汉斯被领到讲台前,他站在那里,身边围绕着一教授和学生,爱因斯坦也在观众席中坐着.
【解答】答案:A.
在本句中,其中where引导的为一个定语从句,修饰先行词the platform,其中,动词surround与其逻辑主语he之间为动宾关系,所以使用过去分词短语作伴随状语,后面又包含介词with的复合结构,Einstein和seat之间为逻辑上的动宾关系(be seated表示一种状态),所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语;故选A.
【点评】本题考查非谓语动词.这个语法是高考常考的内容,要求考生要全面掌握非谓语动词的内容,理解非谓语动词所充当的成分,解题思路以及它们的用法区别,做题时还要分析句子机构,结合语境做出正确的判断.
43._______ from the top of the hill, the square looks more beautiful with all lights
on.( )
A.Seeing B.Saw C.Seen D.To see
【分析】从山顶上看,广场在所有的灯都亮着的情况下显得更加美丽.
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用非谓语动词作状语,the square和see是被动关系,用过去分词作状语.
故选:C.
【点评】过去分词的用法也有两个特点:一是表示完成,二是表示被动.
44.﹣I have been coughing for a week.Does this medicine work?
﹣It is very effective if ______ on time.( )
A.taking
C.taken
B.to take
D.to be taken
【分析】﹣我咳嗽已经有一周了.这药管用吗?﹣如果按时服用,非常有效.
【解答】答案:C
句中if引导条件状语从句,从句省略了相同的主语和系动词,即if this medicine is;take
第22页(共24页)
medicine服药,medicine与take之间构成动宾关系,要用被动语态;句意表达的是一般事实,不能用不定式,be to do sth表示义务或责任.
故选:C。
【点评】过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,用法很灵活,分为简单式done(表示与谓语同时或几乎同时发生的动作);完成式having been done(表示先于谓语的动作).学习时,要把握其用法特征:表示被动和完成.同时还要注意区分现在分词和不定式.
45.______to change his plans,Mark Twain worked for several years as a pilot on the
steamboat.( )
A.Force B.Forcing C.Forced D.To force
【分析】被迫改变计划,马克吐温在蒸汽船上当了几年引航员.
【解答】答案:C
句中有逗号分隔,没有连词,要用非谓语动词;force与主语Mark Twain构成动宾关系,要用被动.故选C.
【点评】过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,用法很灵活,分为简单式done(表示与谓语同时或几乎同时发生的动作);完成式having been done(表示先于谓语的动作).学习时,要把握其用法特征:表示被动和完成.同时还要注意区分现在分词和不定式.
46.Life is a journey _____with hardships,joys and special moments.( )
A.filled
C.filling
B.to fill
D.having filled
【分析】人生是充满困难,快乐,和特殊时刻的旅程.
【解答】答案A.
分析句子结构可知,空格处至句末是定语从句,固定短语"be filled with 充满…",用过去分词做定语,修饰a journey,因此A项符合语境,故选A.
【点评】本题考查非谓语动词用法.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意,其次要分析出分词在句中所作的成分,若为主动关系则用doing,被动关系用done.
47.With the new family planning policy _______,many young parents are considering having
their second child.( )
A.introduce
C.to introduce
B.introducing
D.introduced
【分析】随着新的计划生育政策被提出,很多父母正在考虑再生一个孩子.
【解答】答案D.本题考查with的复合结构做伴随状语,表示"随着…",with+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词.题目中the new family planning
policy 与introduce是被动关系,故用过去分词,表示被动或完成,故选D.
【点评】本题考查with的复合结构,要学会分析with后面的名词与动词之间的逻辑关第23页(共24页)
系.
48.He got completely _____ when he saw both Lucy and Lily,who are twin sisters.( )
A.confusing B.confused C.confuse D.confuses
【分析】当他看到双胞胎妹Lucy和Lily时,他完全被搞糊涂了.
【解答】答案:B
句中confuse与主语he之间构成动宾关系,要用被动语态;get除了作实意动词外,还具有系动词的性质,即get done相当于be done.故选B.
【点评】过去分词是非谓语动词的一种,用法很灵活,分为简单式done(表示与谓语同时或几乎同时发生的动作);完成式having been done(表示先于谓语的动作).学习时,要把握其用法特征:表示被动和完成.同时还要注意区分现在分词和不定式.
49._______ with computers,the school library has stepped into the modern age.( )
A.Equipped
C.Having equipped
B.Equipping
D.To be equipped
【分析】句意:由于配备了电脑,学校图书馆已步入了现代化时代.
【解答】答案A.
分析句子结构可知,逗号之后是主句,逗号之前是非谓语动词.主句的主语是"the
school library",与所给动词"equip"存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词,从而排除B、C和D项.过去分词短语在句中作原因状语.故选A.
【点评】本题是对非谓语动词的考查.非谓语动词主要为现在分词,过去分词和动词不定式,在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分.考生在答题时需注意非谓语动词与主语在逻辑上的主被动关系,如果逻辑上是主动关系,用现在分词;如果逻辑上是被动关系,则用过去分词;如果逻辑上,动作还未发生,则用不定式.
50.With all the books he needed _____,he left the library,feeling satisfied.( )
A.borrowed B.borrowing C.borrow D.to borrow
【分析】句意:需要的书都借好之后,他开心地离开了图书馆.
【解答】答案A.
分析句子结构可知,句中有"with复合结构"由with+名词+doing/done/to do/adj/adv/n/prep"等构成复合结构,在本题中"he needed"是定语从句,修饰先行词books,books与borrow是被动关系,即书是被借的,应该用过去分词作宾补,故选D.
【点评】本题考查非谓动词用法.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析句子结构,判断分词在句中所作的成分."with"复合结构中,若宾语与宾补是主动关系则用doing,被动关系用done,表将来用to do.
第24页(共24页)
本文发布于:2024-09-22 03:51:15,感谢您对本站的认可!
本文链接:https://www.17tex.com/fanyi/11999.html
版权声明:本站内容均来自互联网,仅供演示用,请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系,我们将在24小时内删除。
留言与评论(共有 0 条评论) |