2020-2021学年福建省福州一中高二(下)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2020-2021学年福建省福州一中高二（下）期末英语试卷

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共8小题，共12.0分）

1.

You owe the lady an ______

（ forbid） to leave unless you apologize for

what you have done.

2.

The 17-year-old boy had nowhere to live,so Gilleece,a father of two,decided to take him

______ .

3.

______

（悲伤不已），I burst into tears.

4.

______

（就……而言）his professional abilities,he's just no match for you.

5.

Foreign countries all attach great s ______ to the introduction of new technology and

equipment from abroad.

6.

Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth

thinking about ______

（ occupy） your mind.

7.

Evidence has been piled up ______ drinking water after getting up in the morning

contributes to one's health.

8.

With each step on the road,my feet and thighs hurt while my mind ______

（思绪翻滚）about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.

二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

The Calgary Public Library has some great resources to beat boredom and keep your children

busy over the summer,whether at home or on the road.

During the school year children are busy with homework and required reading,so summer is a

great time for them to relax and read what they only is reading a pleasurable way to

pass the time,it will also help children keep their skills up over the summer,so they are prepared

to go back to school in the fall.

If you are taking a tip this summer,why not let the kids help out with the planning？Borrow a

children's atlas to choose your way together and check out some books about your destination

before All about Provinces and Territories series is fill of interesting facts about

each Canadian Province.

Going camping？How about taking along some scary,or not so scary,stories to tell around the

campfire？Alvin Schwarz's collections of Scary Tales to Tell in the Dark are sure to make your

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spine tingle and your teeth chatter. For something a little less horrible,try Velcome：a Very

Scary Book,by Kevin O'Malley,which includes such horrors as a plate of mixed vegetables!

For long car rides,check out Car Games：100 Games to Avoid "Are we there Yet？" It's full of

fun games and activities like cow football and Dude,where's my orange car？ -games that are

sure to keep youngsters occupied on long journeys.

Remember to lead by example and pack a book in your own beach children see you

reading,they will understand that books are an important and valuable part of summer and they

will begin to copy your habits!

The staff at the Calgary Public Library are always happy to help find that perfect summer

read,so stop by your nearest branch,call us at 260-2600，or visit our website at

today.

Summer Reading Booklist

Flotsam David Wiesner

Beach Elisha Cooper

Terror at Turtle Mountain Penny Draper

Car Games Jo Pink

Scary Tales to tell in the dark Alvin Schwartz

Central Rockies Wildflowers Mike Potter

……

9.

What can we infer from the second paragraph of the passage？ ______

A.

Sumner is the only time for children to relax themselves.

B.

Children have little time to read at school what they choose.

C.

Children usually get bored of reading during the school year.

D.

Required reading prepares children to go back to school in the fall.

10.

The underlined part "make your spine tingle and your teeth chatter"most

（in Paragraph 4）probably means ______ .

A.

interest you and impress you

B.

excite you and frighten you

C.

embarrass you and annoy you

D.

discourage you and disgust you

11.

What would be the best title for this passage？ ______

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A.

Children's Reading Habits at home

B.

Children's Summer Camp in the country

C.

Children's Summer Reading Booklist at school

D.

Children's Summer Reading from the Library

B

Work has started this week on next season's flu vaccine,with experts forecasting which types of

the flu virus will be making the don't expect any experts are

already admitting that most vaccines will give at best basic protection,because they're based on

old-fashioned 's not a new problem,but one that the slow-moving world of drug

and vaccine production seems helpless to improve.

Every flu vaccine is a cocktail,aimed at either three or four of the most common flu

vaccines must be reformulated every year,because fu viruses develop constantly in a process

called antigenic drift（抗原漂移）.In February,global fu experts gather to trade notes on what

viruses are circulating in different countries and to come to an agreement on which types the

next vaccines should be formulated to target.

In recent years,fu vaccines have been based on H1 N1，H3 N2 and either one or two types of

influenza B of these has a "reference" type,which is used to make seed

ers inject the seed types into eggs and incubate them as the virus they

purify the virus,and either weaken it or kill it to make a vaccine.

Using eggs is a tricky and unpredictable mes the virus doesn't grow well in

eggs,which means less vaccine than result is a flu vaccine that doesn't offer much

protection."As long as we have eggs we are going to have this problem," said Scott Hensley,a

flu virus expert, "The only solution is not to depend on eggs."

Flu is a major 2017-2018 season has been a severe one,hitting the entire

widespread influenza infection at once for weeks on end,and killing 97 children so t

this threat,even a less satisfying flu vaccine will definitely help. " Even when you have these

mismatches it will not prevent infection but likely prevent disease severity，" said Hensley.

12.

Why does next season flu vaccine fail to improve？ ______

A.

It has offered the best protection.

B.

Experts can't forecast the flu types.

C.

It is based on outdated technology.

D.

Experts are unwilling to respond to changes.

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13.

According to Paragraph 2，what do flu experts do in February？ ______

A.

Exchange views on the virus types next season.

B.

Get together and make a deal on vaccines.

C.

Sign an agreement on vaccine production.

D.

Decide on how to circulate the viruses.

14.

What might be the risk of using eggs to make vaccines？ ______

A.

Seeds are less likely to get protection.

B.

Viruses might not be developed as expected.

C.

There are not enough eggs to be used.

D.

Whether vaccines will grow is hard to predict.

15.

What message does the underlined sentence convey？ ______

A.

The faced with serious flu attacks.

B.

Egg-based vaccines are better than nothing.

C.

There is something wrong with fu vaccines.

D.

Flu vaccines can stop the disease spreading.

C

British parents encourage their children to play musical instruments as part of a family tradition

and not to raise their social status Americans do,research says.

Reeves of the University of Oxford found that UK parents did not see musical

achievement by their children as character building or useful in getting university places or

d,it was usually only those parents who played instruments that encouraged their

children to follow suit（跟着做）.

"This contrasted with research erred out by other academics in America"，he said.

"Middle-class parents in the US appear to associate cultural practice with other benefits,such as

developing specific characteristics and paving the way for educational -class

families are often marked by a pattern of 'concerted cultivation'，where parents organize

music-centred activities for their children,often in addition to school-based musical practice."

Researchers had owed this to "parental anxiety over the declining fortunes of educated

Americans".These parents have become increasingly worried about providing their children

with skills and abilities enabling them to stand out from their competitors in the job market.

By contrast,for British respondents,no such connection was made between what is considered

as an overbearing（专横的）parenting style and future educational or career

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parents interviewed here did not connect music with usefulness but rather they focused on the

value of music as a family tradition and,to a lesser extent,as something valuable in its own right.

One Scottish parent,a chemist by profession,said during the interviews, "We've got two

learning musical we think it's maybe worthwhile we try and encourage them,but

we wouldn't force them." A housewife said, "My son's just turned five and I want him to do the

guitar because his uncle does it,but it's up to him."

In some UK families,said ,music was even "believed to be an obstacle to educational

success,or at least secondary to it."

16.

What do British parents think of music learning？ ______

A.

Useful for job application.

B.

Helpful for character building.

C.

Beneficial to further education.

D.

Worthwhile as a family tradition.

17.

What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refer to？ ______

A.

Cultural practice.

B.

Educational success.

C.

Concerted cultivation.

D.

School-based musical practice.

18.

What can be inferred from the text？ ______

A.

The future of American kids is not promising.

B.

American parents hardly link music with success.

C.

Music learning is a personal choice for British kids.

D.

British parents show little concern about education.

19.

What is the text mainly about？ ______

A.

Reasons for British music preference.

B.

British parenting style in music education.

C.

Americans' attitude towards music learning.

D.

Differences between British and American parents.

D

People will spend a large amount of time to save a few 's often a lightbulb moment

that happens when you ask them to calculate their time-dollar value,because it reveals that

they're spending more in soft costs than they're accounting for.

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Take a second to think about you spend 3 hours avoiding paying

﹩12 for something,you've

saved money,but you've also been working at

﹩4 per you're an entrepreneur（企业家），your time is worth more than

﹩4 per hour,and while your choice has saved a "hard" cost,you've

spent more in your and attention are two other soft resources we need to be

thinking about, costs are just as real as hard that 3 hours,you could have been

doing

﹩300 worth of income-generating,high-value activities.

It's a bit different when you're employed by someone else,as you'll make the same whether you

spend 3 hours or 30 minutes to get something r,the people who actively add more

value to their organization before being paid to do so are the ones most likely to get a promotion

or advancement that honors their contributions.

The next time you're thinking of making a decision that involves hard costs,also consider the

soft opportunity costs of what you're currently doing.

Outside of "work" situations,think about how much time you spend doing things you'd rather

not do,say,cleaning your it worth

﹩100 to not have to spend your weekend cleaning

your house？Why should you clean your house any more than you should spend time with your

kids？

Keeping costs down is always a great thing to focus make sure that your focus on

keeping costs down isn't also keeping your income or earning potential down.

20.

According to Paragraph 2，which of the following belongs to a "hard" cost？ ______

A.

Money.

B.

Time.

C.

Energy.

D.

Attention.

21.

The employee who is most likely to get promoted ______ .

A.

shows up early every day

B.

works efficiently when paid

C.

spends more time than needed

D.

actively makes profit for the company

22.

What's the author's attitude towards spending weekends cleaning the house in Paragraph 5？

______

A.

Supportive.

B.

Disapproving.

C.

Sympathetic.

D.

Uncertain.

23.

How is the text organized？ ______

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A.

Opinion-Argument-Explanation.

B.

Opinion-Description-Conclusion.

C.

Introduction-Analysis-Conclusion.

D.

Introduction-Comparison-Examples.

三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

Each one of us has different natural and acquired learn new languages

quickly,and some are more social than others.

（1） ______ Obviously,people interpret what

you're saying in different ways,based on the way they think.

（ 2） ______ While looking to convince others,we rely on our own thinking tools and

doesn't matter if you're trying to persuade your boss to adopt a new when

you need to persuade your colleague,switch chairs with your listener and ask yourself what his

or her strength ,you take into account what's important to them.

（ 3） ______ Try to fit someone you work with into the different thinking

categories—Individual thinking or Group quickly identify if someone thinks better

individually or in a group,I ask one simple question：Did you prefer studying by yourself or in

a group in high school？You'll find out most people will answer within a blink of an eye.

Then how to communicate better after identifying individual or group thinking？（4） ______

Individual thinkers need some time by themselves to digest a new ore,try sending

them suggestions by e-mail or introduce a new idea and then giving them some time to think

about thinkers will react much better when talking about anew idea.（5） ______

When group thinkers ask to talk about something,they're actually asking you to brainstorm with

them to help find a solution using conversation.

your presentation strategy.

can find out which category you belong to.

is a challenge to convince people around you.

give them opportunities to voice their thoughts.

how about understanding how they actually think？

people are more productive when working alone.

strengths determine how we think and make decisions.

24.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

第7页，共23页

25.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

26.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

27.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

28.

A.

A

E

B.

B

C.

C

D.

D

E.

F.

F

G.

G

四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

On a cold afternoon in January 2018，Jessica,11，saw police and emergency workers

（1）

______ to the injured of a three-car accident that had occurred a（2） ______ a

small crowd of onlookers.

She noticed that an injured woman was（3） ______ no effort to communicate with an

emergency worker using sign language,but the woman just couldn't get her message（4）

______ .When she heard the police ask for a（n）（5） ______ .She immediately ran over to

mother,a former sign language teacher,had taught her how to sign ______ no one

（6）in the family is hearing impaired（受损的）.

Jessica told the emergency workers that the woman's neck was injured and the name of the

local hospital she

（7） ______ .

When her mother,Susan,heard about Jessica's heroics,she wasn't surprised. "It's in her

（8）

______ to help," says Susan. "I was（9） ______ that she recognized the seriousness of the

situation and took（10） ______ .Most adults wouldn't have

（11） ______ it."

A few weeks later,the police（12） ______ Jessica with a certificate of

（13） ______ at her

primary school.

"My mom always says that you

（14） ______ know when sign language might come in

handy," says Jessica. "That day,it did and really made a

（15） ______ ."

29.

A.

referring

30.

A.

searched

31.

A.

sparing

32.

A.

through

33.

A.

policeman

34.

A.

though

B.

turning

B.

heard

B.

devoting

B.

away

B.

interpreter

B.

however

C.

attending

C.

caught

C.

doing

C.

across

C.

nurse

C.

because

D.

looking

D.

joined

D.

making

D.

in

D.

witness

D.

therefore

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35.

A.

wondered

36.

A.

personality

37.

A.

persuaded

38.

A.

turn

39.

A.

got

40.

A.

presented

41.

A.

degree

42.

A.

always

43.

A.

devotion

B.

imagined

B.

spirit

B.

puzzled

B.

charge

B.

liked

B.

offered

B.

knowledge

B.

never

B.

result

C.

preferred

C.

nature

C.

curious

C.

possession

C.

thought

C.

sent

C.

appreciation

C.

ever

C.

name

D.

informed

D.

mood

D.

impressed

D.

advice

D.

made

D.

contacted

D.

sacrifice

D.

once

D.

difference

五、单句语法填空（本大题共2小题，共3.0分）

44.

Here he is! We______

（wait） anxiously for him since last night．

45.

There are some health problems that，when______

（not treat） in time，can become bigger ones later on．

六、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

46.

A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people

around the ide,three cups of tea

（1） ______

（consume） for every cup

of （2） ______

（full） appreciate the ancient roots of the herbal drink,people

can pay a visit to the China National Tea Museum,which has a long history.

（ 3） ______

（ locate） in Hangzhou,the museum occupies a park-like

,various halls demonstrate the story of tea,its ceremonies and its tools

Records of tea drinking date as far back as to the（4） ______

（ten） century

ally the leaves were baked into a brick,a part of ______ could be broken

（5）off and made into a spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty；by

the Song Dynasty it had acquired a lose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that

made its consumption（6） ______ art form.

The art of tea extended to its fancy containers,which are

（7） ______ display at the

can see a gracefully rounded kettle that（8） ______

（date） back 5，000 years and a bowl from the Tang Dynasty with a beautiful （9）

______ can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ______

（visit）（10）（change）even the most passionate coffee drinker.

七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

第9页，共23页

47.

阅读下面材料，

根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One weekend in July,Jane and her husband,Tom,had driven three hours to camp overnight

by a lake in the unately,on the way an unpleasant subject came up and they

started to the time they reached the lake,Jane was so angry that she said to Tom,

"I'm going to find a better spot for us to camp" and walked away.

With no path to follow,Jane just walked on for quite a long she had climbed to

a high place,she turned around,hoping to see the her surprise,she saw nothing but

forest and,far beyond,a snow capped mountain suddenly realized that she was lost.

"Tom!" she cried. "Help!"

No only she had not left her mobile phone in that bag with kept

moving,but the farther she walked,the more confused she night was beginning

to fall,Jane was so tired that she had to stop for the awake in the dark,Jane

wanted very much to be with Tom and her wanted to hold him and tell him

how much she loved him.

Jane rose at the break of day,hungry and could hear water trickling（滴落）somewhere at a y she followed the sound to a her great joy,she

also saw some berry drank and ate a few in her life had she

tasted anything g stronger now,Jane began to walk along the stream and hope

it would lead her to the lake.

As she picked her way carefully along the stream,Jane heard a that for me？Unfortunately,the trees made it impossible for people to see her from above.A few

minutes later,another helicopter flew took off her yellow blouse,thinking

that she should go to an open area and flag them if they came back again.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But no more helicopter came and it was getting dark again._______

It was daybreak when Jane woke up._______

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答案和解析

1.【答案】will be forbidden

【解析】答案：will be 与forbid之间是动宾关系，根据下文中apologize要用一般将来时的被动语态。故填：will be forbidden.

你欠这位女士一个道歉。除非你为自己所做的事道歉，否则不准离开。

考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

2.【答案】home

【解析】答案：home.此处指Gilleece决定带他回家，使用动词短语take "带某人回家"。

故答案为：home。

这个17岁男孩没有住的地方，所以有两个小孩的Gilleece决定带他回家。

根据语境完成句子，分析句子成分，使用单词的适当形式，还应注意一些固定搭配的应用。

3.【答案】Much to my sorrow

【解析】答案：Much to my my sorrow令我伤心的是，固定搭配。故填：Much

to my sorrow.

悲伤不已，我突然哭了起来。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

4.【答案】In terms of

【解析】答案：In terms terms of就 ...而言；在 ...方面，是固定搭配。故填：In terms

of.

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论工作能力，他根本不是你的对手。

考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

5.【答案】ignificance

significance to重视；【解析】答案：认为 ...重要，是固定搭配。故填：significance.

外国都很重视引进国外的新技术、新设备。

考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

6.【答案】to occupy

to occupy.此处动词不定式to occupy your mind作something的后置定语。【解析】答案：故填：to occupy.

跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。

考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。

7.【答案】that

that.分析句子结构可知，【解析】答案：空格后面的部分是解释说明evidence

的内容的，是evidence的同位语从句，从句中不缺任何成分，用连接词that引导同位语从句。故填：that.

证据表明早晨起来的喝水有助于人的健康。

完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。

第12页，共23页

8.【答案】raced with thoughts

【解析】答案：raced with thoughts.表示"思绪翻滚"，使用race with,后接可数名词的复数形式thoughts,句子表示已发生的动作，因此使用一般过去时。

故答案为：raced with thoughts.

我一步一步走在路上，双脚和大腿都很疼痛，脑海里边想着那些在加拿大森林迷路好几天的人。

对于翻译填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。

9.【答案】

【小题1】B

【小题2】B

【小题3】D

B.推理判断题。【解析】（1）根据第二段第一句话"During the school year children are busy

with homework and required reading,so summer is a great time for them to relax and read what

they choose.（在一学年里，孩子们都忙于做家庭作业和必读读物，所以夏天是他们放松和阅读自己选择的东西的好时机） "可以推断出孩子在学校没有时间阅读他们选择的书。故选B.

B.词句猜测题。（2）根据第四段第二句话"How about taking along some scary stories to tell

around the campfire？（围着篝火讲一些恐惧的故事怎么样？） "和第四句话"For

something a little less horrible（为了不太可怕）"可以推断出划线句说的是"阿尔文•施瓦兹在黑暗中讲述的恐怖故事集的目的是来让你兴奋，让你害怕的，划线部分与B项"让你兴奋，让你害怕"意思相近。故选B.

（3）D.标题归纳题。根据第一段内容"The Calgary Public Library has some great resources

to beat boredom and keep your children busy over the summer,whether at home or on the road.（卡尔加里公共图书馆有一些很好的资源来克服无聊，让你的孩子在夏天忙起来，无论是在家里还是在路上） "以及下文的介绍可知，介绍的是The Calgary Public Library拥有大量的图书资源，可以让你打发无聊时光，让小孩子在假期看到很多书，并欢迎人们的到来。因此推断D项"来自图书馆的夏季读物"为最佳标题。故选D.

本文是应用文，介绍的是The Calgary Public Library拥有大量的图书资源，可以让你打发无聊时光，让小孩子在假期看到很多书，并欢迎人们的到来。

做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。第13页，共23页

并要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12.【答案】

【小题1】C

【小题2】A

【小题3】B

【小题4】B

C.推理判断题。【解析】（1）根据第一段第三句"Flu experts are already admitting that most

vaccines will give at best basic protection,because they're based on old-fashioned technology."

流感专家已经承认，大多数疫苗最多只能提供基本的保护，因为它们是基于老式技术的。可知夏季的流感疫苗是根据以前的技术开发的，很可能效果不好。故选C.

（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"In February,global flu experts gather to trade

notes on what viruses are circulating in different countries and to come to an agreement on

which types the next vaccines should be made to target."

今年2月，全球流感专家齐聚一堂，就在不同国家传播的病毒进行交易，并就下一代疫苗应针对哪种类型达成协议。可知在二月份全球的流感专家都会聚在一起交换对未来流感种类的看法。故选A.

（3）B.细节理解题。根据第四段前两句" Using eggs is a tricky （=difficult） and

unpredictable mes the virus doesn't grow well in eggs,which can mean less

vaccine than expected." 使用鸡蛋是一个棘手且不可预测的过程。有时病毒在鸡蛋中生长不好，这意味着疫苗比预期的要少。可知有时候病毒生长得并不好，可能会达不到期望值。故选B.

（4）B.猜测句意题。根据横线前句"Against this threat,even a less satisfying flu vaccine will

definitely help." 即使是不太令人满意的流感疫苗也会有帮助的。可知横线句是顺着这句的语义而来的，说明这样的疫苗总比没有好。故选B.

本文是一篇说明文，近年来流感爆发较多，需要使用疫苗预防流感，文章介绍了流感疫苗的开发原理及可能存在的问题。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16.【答案】

第14页，共23页

【小题1】D

【小题2】C

【小题3】C

【小题4】B

【解析】（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"British parents encourage their children to

play musical instruments as part of a family tradition and not to raise their social status as

Americans do,research says"．研究表明，英国父母鼓励孩子们演奏乐器作为家庭传统的一部分，而不是像美国人那样提高他们的社会地位。可知英国父母对音乐学习作为一种家庭传统，很有价值。故选D．

（2）C．代词指代题。根据文章第四段"Researchers had owed this to "parental anxiety over

the declining fortunes of educated Americans,研究人员将此归因于"父母对受过教育的美国人财富下降的焦虑"。可知"this"

意为"意为协调一致的文化"。故选C．

（3）C．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段"We've got two learning musical

we think it's maybe worthwhile we try and encourage them,but we wouldn't force them"．我们有两个学习乐器的人。如果我们认为值得的话，我们可以试着鼓励他们，但我们不会强迫他们。可知音乐学习是英国孩子的个人选择。故选C．

（4）B．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段"In some UK families,said ,music was

even "believed to be an obstacle to educational success,or at least secondary to it,里夫斯博士说，在一些英国家庭中，音乐甚至"被认为是教育成功的障碍，或者至少是次要的障碍"。可知文章的主要内容是：英国音乐教育中的父母教养方式。故选B．

本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了研究表明，英国父母鼓励他们的孩子演奏乐器，这是家庭传统的一部分，而不是像美国人那样提高他们的社会地位

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

20.【答案】

【小题1】A

【小题2】D

【小题3】B

【小题4】C

【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句和第四句"If you're an entrepreneur（企业家），your time is worth more than

＄4 per hour,and while your choice has saved a "hard"

cost,you've spent more in your and attention are two other soft resources we need

第15页，共23页

to be thinking about,too."（如果你是一个企业家，你的时间价值超过每小时4美元，虽然你的选择节省了"硬"成本，但你在时间上花费了更多。精力和注意力也是我们需要考虑的另外两种软资源。）可知，时间、精力和注意力属于软资源，所以金钱是硬成本。钱；时间；精力；ion注意力。故选A.

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"However,the people who actively add more value

to their organization before being paid to do so are the ones most likely to get a promotion or

advancement that honors their contributions."（然而，那些在获得报酬之前就积极为公司创造更多价值的人，最有可能获得晋升，以表彰他们的贡献。）可知，为公司积极创造利润的员工最有可能获得晋升。故选D.

（3）B.情感态度题。根据倒第二段第一句"Outside of "work" situations,think about how

much time you spend doing things you'd rather not do,say,cleaning your house."（在"工作"环境之外，想想你花了多少时间做你不想做的事情，比如打扫房子。）和最后一句 "Why

should you clean your house any more than you should spend time with your kids？"（为什么你应该多打扫房子，而不是多花时间陪你的孩子？）可知，作者对周末花时间打扫房子的态度是不赞同的。tive支持的；roving反对的；hetic同情的；ain不确定的。故选B.

（4）C.推理判断题。根据第一段"People will spend a large amount of time to save a few

's often a lightbulb moment that happens when you ask them to calculate their

time-dollar value,because it reveals that they're spending more in soft costs than they're

accounting for."（人们会花大量的时间来节省几美元。当你要求他们计算他们的时间-美元价值时，往往会出现一个灵光一闪的时刻，因为这表明他们在软成本上的花费比他们所考虑的要多。）可知，第一段是引入话题，根据第二段第二句和第三句"If you spend 3

hours avoiding paying

＄12 for something,you've saved money,but you've also been working

at

＄4 per you're an entrepreneur（企业家），your time is worth more than

＄4 per

hour,and while your choice has saved a "hard" cost,you've spent more in your time. "（如果你花3个小时避免支付12美元的东西，你就省了钱，但你也一直在以每小时4美元的速度工作。如果你是一名企业家，你的时间价值超过每小时4美元，虽然你的选择节省了"硬"成本，但你在时间上花费了更多），第三段第一句"It's a bit different when you're

employed by someone else,as you'll make the same whether you spend 3 hours or 30 minutes to

get something done."（当你被别人雇佣时，情况就不一样了，因为无论你花3个小时还是30分钟去完成一件事，你所做的都是一样的），第五段第一句"Outside of "work"

situations,think about how much time you spend doing things you'd rather not do,say,cleaning

第16页，共23页

your house."（在"工作"环境之外，想想你花了多少时间做你不想做的事情，比如打扫房子。）可知，第二段到第五段是分析，根据最后一段"Keeping costs down is always a great

thing to focus make sure that your focus on keeping costs down isn't also keeping your

income or earning potential down."（降低成本总是一件值得关注的事情。只要确保你关注的是降低成本，而不是降低你的收入或收入潜力。）可知，最后一段是下结论。故选C.

这是一篇说明文，作者认为下次当考虑做出涉及"硬成本"的决定时，也要考虑一下当前所做事情的"软机会成本"。降低成本总是一件值得关注的事情。只要确保你关注的是降低成本，而不是降低你的收入或收入潜力。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

24.【答案】

【小题1】G

【小题2】C

【小题3】E

【小题4】A

【小题5】D

【解析】（1）G.推理判断题。前文"Each one of us has different natural and acquired

learn new languages quickly,and some are more social than others.（我们每个人都有不同的天生的和后天的能力，有些人学习新的语言很快，有些人比其他人更会社交） "说明每个人都有不同的优势，G项中的"These strengths"指代"different natural and

acquired abilities"，因此推断 G项"这些优势决定了我们如何思考和做出决定"符合语境，与上文是顺承关系。故选G.

C.推理判断题。（2）下文"While looking to convince others,we rely on our own thinking tools

and strengths.（在说服他人的同时，我们依靠自己的思维工具和优势）说明了要说服别人，就要利用自己的优势， C项中的"convince people"与"convince others"一致，因此推断C项"说服你周围的人是一个挑战"符合语境。故选C.

（3）E.推理判断题。根据后文"Try to fit someone you work with into the different thinking

categories—Individual thinking or Group thinking.（试着把与你一起工作的人融入到不同的思维方式中——个体思维或体思维）"可知，此处讲述分类不同的思维方式，E项中的"think"相符，因此推断E项"但如何了解他们实际上是怎么想的呢？"符合语境，下文是对上文问题的提出解决办法。故选E.

第17页，共23页

（4）A.推理判断题。前文的问题"Then how to communicate better after identifying

individual or group thinking？（那么如何在识别个人或体思维之后更好地交流呢？） "提出了如何交流的问题，A项中的"presentation strategy（表达策略）"是对问题的解答，因此推断A项"选择你的表达策略"符合语境，故选A.

（5）D.细节理解题。前文"Group thinkers will react much better when talking about a new

idea.（团体思考者在谈论新想法时会反应更好） "

说明团体思考者有更好的新想法，因此推断，要让他们表达想法，因此推断D项"所以给他们机会表达他们的想法"符合语境，上下文是因果关系。故选D.

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何与不同思维方式的人交流的方法。

关于七选五的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

29.【答案】

【小题1】C

【小题2】D

【小题3】A

【小题4】C

【小题5】B

【小题6】A

【小题7】C

【小题8】C

【小题9】D

【小题10】B

【小题11】D

【小题12】A

【小题13】C

【小题14】B

【小题15】D

【解析】（1）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。ng

（to）涉及；g

（to）求助于；ing

（to）照料；g

（to）考虑。句意：2018年一月一个寒冷的下午，11岁的杰西卡看到警察和急救人员正在照料附近三车相撞的车祸伤员。根据"急救人员"和"伤员"可推断出警察的急救人员应该是照料救治伤员。本句中人物"警察"、故选C项。

D．ed

搜索；

听见；

抓住；

（2）考查动词及语境理解。加入。句意：杰西卡加入一小旁观者行列。根据后文"She noticed that an injured

woman…"可知杰西卡看到事故现场后没有离开，还注意到一位受伤的女士的情况。可推断出她在一旁观看这个场景，即加入旁观者。故选D项。

第18页，共23页

（3）A．考查动词短语搭配及语境理解。ng不吝惜（金钱、时间）；ng致力于；

做；制作。句意：她注意到一名受伤的女士不遗余力地用手语和急救人员沟通，但是女士无法将她的意思传达清楚。根据本句后半句"女士无法将自己想说的传递清楚"可推断出紧急情况中为了表达清楚，她肯定在竭尽全力地表达。而 spare no effort

意为"不遗余力"，符合句意。故选A项。

（4）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.（get） through

完成；B.（get） away

脱身；C.（get） across

传达（清楚）；D.（get） in

到达。句意：她注意到一名受伤的女士不遗余力地用手语和急救人员沟通，但是女士无法将她的意思传达清楚。根据后文"…she immediately ran over to help."可知女士没有传达清楚自己的意思，最后还让他人帮忙了。故get across

符合句意。故选C项。

（5）B．考查名词及语境理解。man

警察；reter

翻译；

护士；s

目击者。句意：当她听到警察询问有没有翻译，她马上跑过去帮忙。根据后文第三段第一句"Jessica told the emergency workers that the woman's neck was injured…"可知杰西卡成功理解了女士的话并告知了急救人员女士的脖子伤了等信息可推断出杰西卡上前帮忙即用她妈妈教的手语理解受伤女士的话。故相当于担任手语翻译的工作。故选B项。

（6）A．考查连词及语境理解。

虽然；r

然而；e

因为；ore

因此。句意：她的妈妈，之前是一名手语教师，教她如何使用手语，虽然家里没有一个人听力受损。根据这一句可知妈妈教杰西卡手语。但一般情况下学手语是因为身边有人需要用手语沟通。而杰西卡家没有人使用。故"no one in the family is hearing

impaired"在句中应该用though引导，做让步状语从句。故选A项。

（7）C．考查动词及语境理解。ed

想知道；ed

想象；ed

更喜欢；ed告知。句意：杰西卡告诉急救人员这名女士脖子受伤了，还告诉他们女士想去的当地医院名。根据前文"spare no effort to communicate"以及"the name of the local

hospital"可推断出女士想要告诉急救人员的是她所知道的一家医院，她想去的医院。故prefer

符合句意。故选C项。

（8）C．考查介词短语及语境理解。ality

性格；

精神；

自然、

情绪。本性；句意：她本就乐于助人。根据前文"When her mother,Susan,heard about

Jessica's heroics,she wasn't surprised."可知杰西卡的妈妈听到女儿的壮举，并不惊讶。这

是因为杰西卡本就乐于助人。而in nature

意为"本质上、实质上"符合句意。故选C项。（9）D．考查形容词及语境理解。ded

被说服的；d

疑惑的；s

好奇的；sed

印象深刻的。句意：使我敬佩的是她意识到了情况的严重性并主第19页，共23页

持大局。根据前文"she wasn't surprised."可知杰西卡的妈妈不因为她帮助别人而惊讶，使她惊讶的、印象深刻的是杰西卡能够及时判断状况，wasn't surprised

和 was impressed前后形成对比。故选D项。

（10）B．考查名词及语境理解。

轮流；

负责、掌管；sion

占领；

建议。句意：使我敬佩的是她意识到了情况的严重性并负责了此事。根据前文"Jessica told the emergency workers…"可推断出杰西卡成功传达了女士的信息。故她成功地将事情往好的方向推进，负责好了此事。故B项符合句意。故选B项。

（11）D．考查动词短语及语境理解。

了解；

喜欢；

思考；

（it）成功。句意：大多数成年人都可能做不到。根据前文 "Jessica told the emergency

workers…"可推断出杰西卡成功传达了女士的信息。故选项D符合句意。故选D项。

（12）A．考查动词短语及语境理解。ted

颁发；d提供；

送；ted

与某人联系。句意：几周之后，警察在她就读的小学为杰西卡呈上一份感谢函。根据动词短语的搭配以及原文"Jessica with a certificate…"可知只有选项A符合句意。故选A项。

（13）C．考查名词及语境理解。

学位；dge

知识；iation

感ice

牺牲。谢；句意：几周之后，警察在她就读的小学为杰西卡呈上一份感谢函。根据前文如"she immediately ran over to help"可知杰西卡在救助工作中提供了帮助，因此警察送感谢函比较恰当。故appreciation

符合句意。故选C项。

（14）B．考查副词及语境理解。

总是；

绝不、从不；

曾经；

一旦。句意：我妈妈总是说你绝不会知道何时手语会派上用场。根据后文"that

day,it did…"可推断出杰西卡认为：那天手语确实派上用场了。就是因为不知道何时派上用场，在派上用场之际才会如此兴奋。故never符合句意。故选B项。

D．on

热爱；

结果；

姓名；ence

（15）考查名词及语境理解。区别。句意：那一天，它确实派上用场了，还起了重要作用。根据前文对杰西卡所做事情的描述"Jessica's heroics"可知这是一个壮举，使受伤的女士得到救助，确实起到很大的作用。而make a difference意为"有作用、有影响"符合句意。故选D项。

这是一篇记叙文。讲述小女孩杰西卡在一次车祸中因为会手语，帮助伤者和急救人员沟通，最终还因此获赠感谢函。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案第20页，共23页

全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

44.【答案】have been waiting

【解析】答案：have been waiting．考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，结合语境及时间状语since last night可知，应用现在完成进行时表一直持续的动作．

他来了！自从昨晚以来我们一直在等他．

考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．

45.【答案】not treated

not treated．problems【解析】答案：考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，与treat之间是动宾关系，用"when+过去分词"结构作状语．

有些健康问题，如果不及时处理，以后会变得更严重．

考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．

46.【答案】【小题1】are consumed

【小题2】fully

【小题3】Located

【小题4】tenth

【小题5】which

【小题6】an

【小题7】on

【小题8】dates

【小题9】visitors

【小题10】to change

【解析】（1）are consumed.考查动词时态及语态。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应第21页，共23页

用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为three cups of tea,谓语动词用复数，故填are consumed。

（2）fully.考查副词。句意：要想充分了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物馆。修饰后文动词appreciate,应用副词fully,作状语，故填fully。

（3）Located.考查过去分词。句意：该博物馆位于杭州，拥有公园般的环境。结合句意表示"位于……"可知短语为be located in,此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写，故填Located。

（4）tenth.考查序数词。句意：中国，关于喝茶的记载可以追溯到公元前10世纪。根据上文定冠词the,且表示"十世纪"应用序数词tenth,故填tenth。

（5）which.考查定语从句。句意：最初，人们把树叶烤成砖，把砖的一部分打碎，做成粉末。此处为"介词+关系代词"结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词brick,作介词of的宾语，指物，在"介词+关系代词"结构非限制性定语从句中只能用关系代词which,故填which。

（6）an.考查冠词。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种艺术形式的仪式。form为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an,故填an。

on.考查介词。（7）句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器正在博物馆中展出。结合句意表示"在展出"可知短语为be on display,故填on。

（8）dates.考查主谓一致。句意：可以看到一个优雅的圆形壶，可以追溯到5000年前和一个碗从唐朝与一个美丽的简单。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句中的谓语动词，主语that指代先行词a gracefully rounded kettle,为单数形式，故谓语动词用三单形式，故填dates。

（9）visitors.考查名词。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。空处作主语，表示"游客"应用名词visitor,且表示数量大于一应用复数，故填visitors。

（10）to change.考查动词不定式。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。结合句意表示"足以做某事"可知短语为be enough to do sth,故填to

change。

本文为说明文，对全球数亿人来说，一杯令人舒适的茶是一天中必不可少的一部分。要想充分了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物馆。文章主要介绍了中国饮茶习俗的历史以及传播历程。

解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或第22页，共23页

首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。

47.【答案】Paragraph 1：

But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark as she was feeling,Jane stuck

to her set goal—going out of the bad situation she walked on slowly,hoping to get

to the r,when she climbed up a slope,she was so exhausted that she fell asleep where she sat to rest.【高分句型一】（Jane精疲力竭结果睡着了）

Paragraph 2：

It was daybreak when Jane woke a distance,she spotted a misty it drew near,to her great joy,it turned out to be Tom,her sprang to her feet and rushed to give him a bear explained in a weak voice that in her absence he called the police who then sent helicopters to search for her but they didn't find her.【高分句型二】However,he didn't want to abandon his hope of finding she heard this,tears streamed down her said that she was feeling so guilty and that she would never leave her

family where happiness and warmth to tears as well,Tom walked Jane to the lake

where they had planned to camp.（Jane和丈夫重新相聚，和好了）

【解析】Jane与丈夫露营的时候发生了争执，于是自己走开了，可她最后迷失了，最终丈夫到了她。

高分句型一：However,when she climbed up a slope,she was so exhausted that she fell asleep

where she sat to rest.

译文：然而，当她爬上一个斜坡时，她太累了，就坐在那里睡着了。

分析：so...that固定句型的使用。

高分句型二：He explained in a weak voice that in her absence he called the police who then

sent helicopters to search for her but they didn't find her.

译文：他用微弱的声音解释说，在她不在的时候，他报了警，警察派直升机去寻她，但没有到她。

分析：引导宾语从句；引导的定语从句。

续写的语言尽可能与原文的语言保持风格一致，使用自己熟悉的句型和短语进行写作，同时要注意尽可能使句子的表达形式多样化，适当的使用一些高级句式和高级词汇，以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。

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