过去分词

过去分词

过去分词作宾补用法归纳

英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

She found the door broken in when she came back. (宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)

一． 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep, leave等的后面。

e.g.: They kept the door locked for a long time.

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. (谚语：少说多看）

Don't leave such an important thing undone.

Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.

二．过分词用在get, have, make 的后面。

1. 注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：

A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"

e.g.: I have had my bike repaired.

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受. . . . 影响，蒙受. . . . . 损失"

e.g.: I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

The old man had his leg broken in the accident.

He had his leg broken in the match yesterday. (MET1986)

2. "make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：

They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

三、过去分词用在感观动词watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等后面。如

When we got to school, we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

He felt himself cheated.

The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.

(NMET2000)

四、过去分词用在want, wish, like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如

The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

I would like my house painted white.

I want the suit made to his own measure.

I wish the problem settled.

五、过去分词用在“with +宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like

a beautiful garden.

With everything well arranged, he left the office.

六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。

过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。

不定式作宾补： 表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。

eg: He didn't notice me waiting.

I heard the song sung in English.

I saw him opening the window.

I saw the window opened.

I saw him open the window.

I heard her sing the song in English.

专项训练1：

1. ___ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ___.

A. To be; understand B. I'm ;to understand

C. Being ;understanding D. Being; understood

2. I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.

A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired

C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing

3. You must get the work ___ before Friday.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. done

4. ___ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.

A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone

C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen

5. We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.

A. settled B. having been settled C. be settled D. settling

6. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had

____ went wrong again. (上海1999）

A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired

7. It is wise to have some money ___ for old age. (NMET1996)

A. put away B. keep up C. give away

D. laid up (put away 放好, 储存. . . 备用, 处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃)

8. I don't want the children ___ out in such weather.

A. take B. to take C. taken D. taking

9. I'm afraid that I can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor English.

A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood

10. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.

A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied (表动作完成）

专项训练2：

1. We found her greatly ___.

A. improving B. changed C. to help D. having disturbed

2. Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist's.

A. to put in B. pulled out C. pushed out D. drawing out

3. When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next year. (上海2002)

A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed

4. With a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.

A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled

5. The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it.

(NMET2002)

A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun( once begun 在句中作状语，begin为及物动词:“着手”）

6. ___ ,they went home,___.

A. Their work had been finished; singing and laughing

B. They had finished their work; sang and laughed

C. Their work finished; singing and laughing

D. after their work finished; singing and laughing

7. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word ___

A. speaking B. speak C. spoken D. to speak

8. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

9. ___ from space, the earth with water ___70％ of its surface looks like a "blue

blanket".

A. Seen ;covered B. Being seen; covers

C. Seeing; covering D. Seen; covering

10. ____,the experiment will be successful.

A. If carefully doing B. If it done carefully

C. If carefully done D. If doing carefully

11. The girl wrote a composition without ___.

A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked

12. He finished his homework and then went on ___me.

A. helping B. with help C. with helping D. to help

13. ___where to go ,he asked a policeman.

A. Having lost his way and not knowing

B. Losing his way and didn't know

C. Having lost his way and didn't know

D. Lost his way and didn't know

14. ____ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.

A. Hearing B. Having heard C. To hear D. Heard

15. ____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.

A. Knowing B. When knowing C. After knowing D. When he knew

专项训练3：

1. They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.

A. break B. to break C. broken D. breaking

2. When he came to, he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.

A. to sit; tied B. sitting; tying C. sat; tied D. sitting; tied

3. We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings; everything about them seems

unfriendly.

A. invited B. inviting C. to invite D. to be invited

(feel后加形容词，此处的invited 表主语we 的感受)

4. I'm going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I've got them ready by then.

A. to type B. type C. typed D. typing

5. Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ___ in art and literature.

A. expressed B. to express C. being expressed D. to be expressed

答案：

专项训练1：1-10 DCDBA CACDD

专项训练2：:1-15 BBAAD DDADC CDDAD

专项训练3：:1-5 CDACA