高二英语选择性必修第一册(2020版)_Unit2_词汇-情景破

Unit2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE词汇-情景破

知识点1 persuade vt. 劝说；说服

For example ，the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to

persuade. （教材P14）例如，“在我看来”这个短语告诉我们这篇文章很可能是用来说服人的。

情景导学

We will persuade our teacher to give up smoking. 我们将说服我们的老师戒烟。

His family persuaded him into taking the job. 他的家人说服他接受了这份工作。

I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信了这是真的。

归纳拓展

①. persuade sb. sth. / persuade sb. sth. 说服某人做某事

②. persuade sb. not to do sth. / persuade sb. out of doing. sth. 说服某人不要做某事

③. persuade sb. of. . . / persuade sb. that. . .

链接高考

单句语法填空

1-1(2017北京，完形填空，★★)She began to host" Big Bosses" lunches ,where she

would try to persuade local business leaders (contribute ) to the cause.

1-2(★★)At first, they were refused, but once they were able ( persuade)them

that there was money to be made ,the project took off.

1-3(★★) Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury，but has not been successful at

trying to persuade her mother enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.

知识点2 |distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的

However ，in the not-too-distant future，we will be living in smart homes that will

lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we

forget. （教材P14）然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们离开的时候，它们会为我们锁上门，当我们忘记（关掉电视）的时候，它们会记得关掉电视。

情景导学

1

The time we spent together is now a distant memory. 我们一起度过的时光现在已成为遥远的回忆。

I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains in the distance. 我可以欣赏远处白雪皑皑的山的风景。

The picture looks beautiful at a distance. 那幅画远看很美。

归纳拓展

①. in the not-too-distant future

②. a distant memory

③. in/into the distance

④. at/from a distance

⑤. distance n. 距离；间距

⑥. keep sb. at a distance与某人保持一定距离；疏远某人

⑦. within walking distance在步行距离之内

⑧. distantly adv. 遥远地；疏远地

单句语法填空

2-1(2019北京，完形填空，★★)Regardless of the weather or the ( distant ),Paul

Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their

college classes on time.

2-2 (2019天津，阅读理解A,★★)To many people, technology means computers，

hand-held devices ,or vehicles that travel to (distance) planets.

2-3(2018 天津，阅读理解D,★★)I encountered many hikers who were headed to a

( distance ) camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark.

2-4(2017课标全国I，七选五，★★) We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and

walked a long (distant ) to take the shower and use the bathroom.

2-5 (2017浙江，读后续写，★★)Soon, it ran away off the road and disappeared in the

( distant).

知识点3 preference n. 爱好；偏爱

Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences ,so everything will be

2

ready for you when you get home each evening. （教材P14）

你的智能家居也会了解你的日常生活和喜好，因此当你每天晚上回到家的时候，一切都会为你准备好。

情景导学

A teacher shouldn't show a preference for any one of his pupils. 老师不应对任何一个学生有所偏爱。

I prefer you to start early. 我更希望你早点出发。

I prefer the red dress to the green one because it fits me better. 比起那条绿裙子，我更喜欢那条红的，因为它更适合我。

I prefer to read books rather than watch TV in my spare time. 在空闲时间，我宁愿读书也不愿看电视。

归纳拓展

④have/show a preference for. . .

④prefer vt.

④prefer sb. to do sth.

④prefer A to B

④prefer doing A to doing B宁愿做A也不愿做B=prefer rather than

④prefer to do sth. / prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事

单句语法填空

3-1(2018课标全国④，七选五，★★)You prefer healthy food fast food.

3-2 (2018江苏，阅读理解B,★★)Unlike fast-food places，fine dining shops prefer

customers ( stay ) longer and spend.

3-3 ( 2017江苏，阅读理解D,★★) What's the author's ( prefer ) solution to

global warming?

3-4(★★)That is why fish prefer shallow water deep water because the former

is warmer.

3-5(★★)The behaviour ( prefer ) of building users is similar.

3-6(★★) We most prefer ( say ) yes to the requests of someone we know and

3

like.

3-7(★★)People develop a preference a particular style of learning at an early

age.

知识点4 instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的

Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite

music or TV programmes ，and you will find your dinner already prepared for you.

（教材P14）你一进门，灯就会亮起来，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你会发现晚餐已经为你准备好了。

情景导学

The instant I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 我一看到他就知道他就是警察在的人。

l will be back in an instant. 我立刻就回来。

Just at that instant I thought he was going to refuse. 就在那一瞬间我以为他会拒绝。

I will tell Tom the good news instantly I see him. 我一看到Tom就会把这个好消息告诉他。

归纳拓展

④the instant/moment/ minute

④in an instant

④at that instant

④instantly adv.

④instantly/immediately/directly

单句语法填空

4-1 (2017浙江，读后续写，★★) But when he looked to the side, he saw

( instant) that it wasn't a dog at all, but a wolf.

4-2(★★)There are amazing stories of (instantly ) transformation.

4-3(★★)In an (instantly ), the young man took off his coat and jumped into the

water.

4

完成句子

4-4（★★）她一停止问问题，我就起身走出了房间。

she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.

she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.

= she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.

知识点5 advanced adj. 高级的；先进的

In the future，we will be using advanced technology everyday for automatic control

of just about everything in our home. （教材P14）未来，我们将每天使用先进的技术，对家里几乎所有的东西进行自动控制。

情景导学

To catch the early flight ,we ordered a taxi in advance. 为了赶上早班机，我们提前叫了一辆出租车。

As we all know ，British Summer Time is one hour in advance of Greenwich Mean

Time. 众所周知，英国夏令时间比格林尼治标准时间早一个小时。

We are willing to advance the money to you. 我们愿意把钱预付给你。

归纳拓展

④advanced technology

④advance n. ；进展；预付款

④ = ahead of time预先；提前

④in advance of

④advance v. 促进；前进；提出（想法、理论、计划）;

④ = advance sb. money预付款给某人

单句语法填空

5-1(2019课标全国④，阅读理解C,★★)It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before

all the___ ( advance ) in technology.

5-2 (2017北京，阅读理解B改编，★★)TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive

and accessible to children, who can become involved in (advance )concepts

and even philosophy（哲学）.

5

5-3 ( 2017天津，阅读表达，★★) He would call advance to make sure there

was no alcohol at the party.

5-4 (2016浙江， 11,)Scientists have ( advance ) many theories about why

human beings cry tears ,none of which has been proved.

5-5 ( 2015北京，阅读理解D改编，★★)Thanks to the ( advance )technology,

we live in an age of better communication.

知识点6 combine vt. & vi. （使）结合；混合

Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together

to form an effective system. （教材P16）也会注意将建筑物和周围的建筑风格结合起来以形成一个有效的体系。

情景导学

We should combine theory with/ and practice. = Theory should be combined with

practice by us. 我们应该把理论与实践相结合。

The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners.

这家公司正在与几家海外合伙人联合开发新产品。Technology and good

management are a winning combination. 技术加良好的管理是取胜的组合。

归纳拓展

④combine. . . with/ and. . . = 与……相结合

④ n. 结合；联合；结合体

④in combination with

④a winning combination

单句语法填空

6-1(2019课标全国④，阅读理解D改编，★★) They were performing a

calculation ,not just memorizing the value of each ( combine).

6-2 (2019课标全国④，阅读理解D,★★)The researchers then. tested how the

monkeys ( combine )—or added— the symbols to get the reward.

6-3（2019江苏，完形填空，★★）With their patience and efforts , they successfully

developed a—(combine )of artificial breeding（人工繁殖） and natural reproduction.

6

6-4(2018课标全国④，阅读理解C,★★)The study of traditions should ( combine )

with practice.

6-5 ( 2016课标全国④，语法填空，★★)Skilled workers also combine various

hardwoods metal to create special designs.

知识点7 oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠

In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing

driver less cars. （教材P20）在文章中，很多人说公众应该反对研发无人驾驶汽车的想法。

情景导学

At the meeting, we heard two opposing opinions. 在会上，我们听到了两种相反的意见。

Frankly speaking ,I am not opposed to the idea. 坦率地说，我并不反对这个主意。

The young man sat down in the chair opposite. 这个年轻人在对面的椅子上坐了下来。

归纳拓展

④opposing adj.

④opposed adj.

④be opposed to sth.

④ adj. 相反的；对面的prep. 在…的对面adv. 在对面地

④in the opposite direction朝相反的方向

单句语法填空

7-1(2017课标全国④，阅读理解C,★★)Many farmers ( oppose ) the plan

because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.

7-2(★★)Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the ( oppose )

view.

完成句子

7-3（★★）就我而言，我反对你在会上提出的计划。

As far as I am concerned, I your plan put forward at the meeting.

7

= As far as I am concerned, I your plan put forward at the meeting.

=As far as I am concerned，I your plan put forward at the meeting.

知识点8 absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席

On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live

happily in the absence of new technology. （教材P20）一方面，世界上有许多不同的人在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活。

情景导学

During my absence from Beijing ， he is in charge of the business. 在我离开北京期间，他负责这家企业。

The police can't deal with the case in the absence of enough evidence. 在缺乏足够证据的情况下，警察无法处理这个案子。

归纳拓展

①in/ during one's absence from. . .

② 在缺乏……的情况下

③be absent from. . . 缺席……

单句语法填空

8-1 (2017课标全国I，阅读理解B，★★)Now all that was needed were the parents,

but they were ( absence ).

8-2(2017课标全国④，阅读理解C改编，★★) In the ( absent ) of wolves, deer

population also grew quickly.

8-3(★★) In his ( absent), I had to deal with a variety of problems.

8-4(★★) In the ( absent ) of social skills，conscientiousness can lead to

problems.

知识点9 | resist vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵抗

Nevertheless ，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather

than resist it. （教材P20）然而，我总是会看到变革的积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。

情景导学

8

I have a sweet tooth and can't resist eating chocolate and ice cream. 我喜欢吃甜食，忍不住吃巧克力和冰激凌。

She was charged with resisting arrest. 她被控拒捕。

A healthy diet is good for building up resistance to diseases. 健康的饮食对于增强对疾病的抵抗力有好处。

归纳拓展

④resist 反对/抵制做某事

④can't resist doing sth.

④ n. 反对；抵抗；抵抗力

④resistance . . . 对……的抵抗/抵抗力

④resistant adj. 有抵抗力的，抵制的，抵抗的

④be resistant to. . . 对………有抵抗力；对……是抵制的

单句语法填空

9-1 ( 2017北京，阅读理解C,★★)The ( resist ) to vaccine has continued for

decades， and it is driven by a real but very small risk.

9-2(★★) I think it hard for me ( resist ) the temptation in such a situation.

9-3(★★) I was not strong enough ( resist ) the offer.

翻译句子

9-4（★★）上了年纪的人并不总是抵制改革。( be resistant to)

知识点10 respond v. 回答；反应

All controls will respond to voice commands. . . （教材P14）所有的操纵装置都会响应语音指令……

情景导学

They are likely to respond positively to the president's request for aid. 他们有可能积极地回应总统的援助请求。

The government took action in response to economic pressure. 政府为应对经济压力采取了行动。

9

归纳拓展

④respond to

④in response to

单句语法填空

10-1 (2019天津，完形填空，★★))This one stranger ( respond ) beautifully to

my small crisis, but she actually wasn't the only one.

10-2 (2018北京，七选五改编，★★))Not everyone acts the same in ( respond)

to events.

10-3 ( 2017课标全国I，阅读理解B,★★)) The homeowner called to say that the

parents had responded the recordings.

答案：

知识点1

④to do ; into doing ④使某人相信…….

1-1 to contribute考查非谓语动词。句意：她开始举办“Big Bosses”午餐会，在那里她将试图说服当地商界领袖捐助这项事业。persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事。

1-2 to persuade考查固定搭配。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但当他们能够使他们相信有钱可赚时，这个项目突然大受欢迎了。be able to do sth. 能够做某事。1-3into考查固定搭配。句意：Perri 享受着偶尔的小奢侈，但却没有成功地试图说服她母亲享受甚至是她喜欢的最微小的东西。persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事。

知识点2

④在不久的将来 ④遥远的回忆 ④在远处；在远方 ④从远处

2-1 distance考查词性转换。句意：无论天气或距离如何，保罗·威尔逊都会确保他所在社区的低收入家庭的学生按时上大学课程。句中or为并列连词，连接weather和设空处，名词distance ，意为“距离”。

2-2 distant考查词性转换。句意：对许多人来说，科技意味着电脑、手持设备或是前往遥远行星的交通工具。此处应用形容词distant，修饰后面的复数名词

10

planets。

2-3 distant考 查词性转换。句意：我遇到过许多前往远处营地的远足者，他们刚好有足够的时间在天黑前到达那里。根据空后的camp-ground可知，此处用形容词，故填distant。

2-4 distance 考 查词性转换。句意：我们睡在帐篷里，在篝火上烧饭，走很长一段距离去洗澡和用洗手间。形容词long后接名词，故填distance。

2-5 distance 考 查固定短语。句意：很快，它从路上跑开，消失在远处。in the

distance在远处。

知识点3

④偏爱/更喜鸡…… ④较喜欢；喜……多于……

④更希望某人做某事 ④比起B更喜欢A ④to do A; do B

3-1 to考查介词。句意：与快餐相比，你更喜欢健康食品。prefer A to B意为“比起B更喜欢A”

3-2 to stay 考查不定式。 句意：不同于快餐店，高档

餐饮店更喜欢顾客待更长的时间并消费。prefer sb.

to do sth. 意为“更喜欢某人做某事”。

3-3 preferred 考查过去分词。 句意：作者对全球变暖的首选解决方案是什么？设空处修饰名词solution，且solution和prefer 为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。

3-4 to 考查介词。句意：那就是鱼更喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因，因为浅水更暖。prefer A to B意为“比起B更喜欢A”

3-5 preference 考 查名词。句意：建筑物使用者的行为偏好是相似的。由句意可知，本空应用名词preference，意为“喜爱，偏爱”

3-6 to say/saying考 查固定搭配。句意：我们大都更愿意答应我们了解和喜欢的人的请求。prefer to do/doing sth. 意为“更喜欢做某事”

3-7 for 考查介词。 句意：人们在幼年就对某种特定的学习方式产生偏好。a

preference for 意为“ 对……”

知识点4

④一……就… ④立刻；马上④在那－－瞬间

11

④立即；立刻④……就……

4-1instantly考查词性转换。句意：但当他向旁边看时，他立刻看到那根本不是一只狗，而是一只狼。根据句意，此处应用副词修饰前面的动词saw，故填instantly。

4-3 instant 考 查介词短语。句意：这个年轻人立刻

脱掉外套，跳入水中。in an instant立刻，马上。

4- 4 The instant; Instantly

知识点5

④先进的技术 ④前进；进步 ④in advance ④在……之前 ④预付 ④advance

money to sb.

5-1 advances 考查名词单复数。句意：并不像在所有科技进步之前那样可能会感到孤独。advance 在此处为名词，意为“进步”，根据all可知应用复数形式。

5-2 advanced 考 查词性转换。句意：TOKNOW让复杂的观点变得有吸引力，且很容易被孩子们理解，他们可以参与到高级的概念甚至哲学中去。此处应用形容词修饰复数名词concepts，故填advanced，意为“高级的”

5-3 in 考查固定搭配。句意：他会事先打电话来确保聚会. 上没有酒。in advance预先，提前。

5-4 advanced 考查动词。句意：科学家们已经提出；了很多关于，人类哭泣时为什么会流泪的理论，没有一个得到过证实。由空前的have以及空后的theories可知，此处advance是动词，且此处是现在完成时，故填：advanced。

5-5 advanced 考查形容词。 句意：由于先进的技术，我们生活在一个通讯更完善的时代。设空处修饰名词technology，故应用形容词advanced，意为“先进的”。

知识点6

④把……与……相结合； be combined with

④combination ④. 与……结合/联合 ④取胜的组合

6-1 combination 考 查词性转换。句意：它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每种组合的值。设空处作介词of的宾语，故应用名词combination。

6-2 combined 考 查动词的时态。句意：研究人员随后测试了猴子是如何把这些符号组合或相加来获得奖励的。句中or为并列连词，连接设空处和added，故

此处应用一般过去时。

12

6-3combination考查词性转换。句意：在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功开发出了一种人工繁殖和自然繁殖相结合的方法。根据设空处前的不定冠词a及设空处后的介词of可知，此处应用名词。故填combination。

6-4becombined考查动词的语态。句意：对传统的研究应与实践相结合。句中缺少谓语动词，且combine与句子主语之间是被动关系，故填be combined。

6-5 with/and 考查固定短语。 句意：技术熟练的工人也把各种各样的硬木和金属结合起来以创造出特别的设计。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语combine……

with an……意为“把……与……结合起来”

知识点7

④相反的；对立的 ④反对的 ④反对某事 ④opposite

7-1 opposed 考 查动词的时态。句意：许多农民反对这个计划，因为他们担心狼会杀死他们农场的动物或宠物。根据从句中的feared可知此处应用一般过去时，故填opposed。

7-2opposing考查词性转换。句意：哈德逊研究所的客座研究员李●莱恩持相反观点。根据句意可知此处应用形容词，修饰后面的view，故填opposing。

7-3 oppose; am opposed to; am against/ object to

知识点8

④在某人不在……时 ④in the absence of

8-1 absent 考 查词性转换。句意：现在所需要的一切就是父母，但它们不在。此处应用形容词，与前面，的were构成系表结构，故填absent。

8-2absence考查词性转换。句意：在没有狼的情况下，鹿也迅速增长。in the

absence of在没有……的情况下。

8-3 absence 考 查词性转换。句意：他不在时，我不得不处理各种问题。根据前面的his可知，此处应用名词，故填absence。

8-4 absence 考 查词性转换。句意：在缺乏社交技巧的情况下，勤勉认真会导致问题。in the absence of在缺乏……的情况下。故填名词absence。

知识点9

④doing sth. ④忍不住做某事 ④resistance ④to

9-1 resistance考 查词性转换。句意：对疫苗的抵制〉已经持续了几十年，并且

13

它是由一个真实但非常小的风险驱动的。此处作主语，应用名词形式。The

resistance to……对……的抵抗。

9-2 to resist考查 非谓语动词。句意：我认为，对于我来说，在这种情况下很难抵制诱惑。think+it+adj. +(for sb. ) to do sth. 为固定结构。

9-3 to resist考查非谓语动词。句意：我不够有实力反对这个提议。主语+be+adj.

+enough+to do sth. 为固定结构。

94 Elderly people are not，always resistant to reformation。

知识点10

④对……做出回应/反应④作 为……的反应

10-1 responded 考 查动词的时态。句意：这位陌生人对我的小危机做出了很漂亮的回应，但实际上她不. 是唯一一个（这样做的人）。根据wasn't可知此处应

用一般过去时。故填responded。

10-2response考 查词性转换。句意：不是每个人对事件的反应都是一样的。in

response to 为固定短语，意为“作为对……的反应”。

10-3 to考查介词。 句意：房主打电话说父母已经对录音做出了回应。respond to为固定短语，意为“对……做出回应”。

14